英语语法填空ppt

1、1 1、阅读、阅读/ /理解理解语篇语篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析句子结构的能力、分析句子结构的能力; ;3 3、熟练运用语法的能力。、熟练运用语法的能力。1. 语法填空题语法填空题能力要求能力要求2. 语法填空题语法填空题解题步骤解题步骤n1 1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态；和作者写作意图，总体时态；n2 2、分析句子结构、分析句子结构-主谓结构主谓结构; ;n3 3、根据上下文把握空格意思。、根据上下文把握空格意思。 3.语法填空题语法填空题空格设计空格设计纯空格纯空格介词，介词，代代词，词，连连词，冠词词，冠词(情态动词/助动词)

2、（每空1词）有有提提示示词词谓语动词：（适当形式：时态谓语动词：（适当形式：时态/语态）语态）非谓语动词：（非谓语动词：（to do / doing / done）名词：（可数名词：（可数/不可数不可数/单复数、单复数、词类转换词类转换）形容词或副词：（形容词或副词：（词类转换词类转换、比较等级）、比较等级）（每空可多个词）3. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _small town some 20 kilometers away.4. i still remember taking

3、_ visiting friend from canada to a local black country pub(酒店酒店) for lunch. 考点一：冠词考点一：冠词：名词之前：名词之前1. there once were a goat (山羊山羊) and a donkey(驴驴). so the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.when i see a child subject to(受到受到) this kind of pressure, i think of d

4、onnie. he was _ shy , nervous perfectionist(完美主义者完美主义者). 考查语法点考查语法点: 定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法考点分析考点分析 无提示词无提示词考点二：考点二： 介词介词(1)(1)介词介词+ +宾语（名词）宾语（名词）(2)(2)不及物动词不及物动词+ +介词介词+ +宾语宾语1. in short, i believe that it is _ great use to keep a dairy in english2. when i took the money from her grandparents, i loo

5、ked back _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile i had ever seen. 3. she found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. he was very tired _doing this for a whole day考查语法点考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析考点分析 无提示词：无提示词：注意固定搭配注意固定搭配 当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是不是作主语、表语，也不是也不是作动词的宾语时

6、，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。 因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。 具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的介词与该名词的搭配及其意义搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配词与介词的句式搭配来决定。解题技巧解题技巧考点三：考点三：代词代词(1)(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格, ,注意注意形容形容词词性词词性和和名词性物主代词名词性物主代词的区别。的区别。(2)(2)指示代词指示代词, ,不定代词、反身代词等不定代词、反身代词等(3)(3)有关有关itit的特殊句

7、型的特殊句型考查语法点考查语法点: 代词的基本用法代词的基本用法1. she remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable christmas present for her father. 2. when the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, i wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble i had caused _ . 3. it has been said before, but expe

8、riencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile 无提示词无提示词 因句子的主语或宾语主要由因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、名词、代词、动名词或不定式动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词: 解题技巧解题技巧在在名词前作定语名词前作定语就就只能用形容词性物主代词只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/he

9、r等等)。考点四：连词或考点四：连词或从句引导词从句引导词两个主谓结构两个主谓结构连接连接 1. historically, it was famous for industry, which explains_the area is called the black country. 2. it got its name during the industrial revolution, _ factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same c

10、olor. 3. jane paused in front of a counter(柜台柜台) _ some attractive ties were on display.4. one day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up (拔起拔起)all of his crop a few inches.考查语法点考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法考点分析考点分析 无提示词无提示词解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but

11、等。(2)若两个句子(即两个主谓结构两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号没有句号或分号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。 根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句并列句(多要求考生填and, but,while, when,or 等) 还是某种主从复合句主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。并列句：并列句：简单句简单句并列连词并列连词简单句简单句复合句：复合句：主句（主谓宾）主句（主谓宾）从句从句 （连接词连接词主谓）主谓）第二部分：有提示词第二部分：有提示词考点五：谓考点五：谓语动词语动词 有提示词有提

12、示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1. i was certain she would like it because i _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. his fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 3. being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary

13、 to our intention.考查语法点考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态、语态、主谓一致谓语动词的时态、语态、主谓一致 当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定时态的【确定时态的3条依据】条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词并列谓语

14、动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题主要考查了一般现在时和一般过去时考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。解题技巧解题技巧时态、时态、 语态、语态、 语气、语气、 主谓一致主谓一致考点六：非谓考点六：非谓语动词语动词 有提示词有提示词 非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语

15、动词及变形的使用1. we must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift. 2. i then noticed that i had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. my pupils, donnie _ (include), adored her. 4. before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebr

16、ows(眉毛眉毛) _(raise). 当句中已有谓语已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词（无连则非）。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing, done, to do)。考点七：考点七：词性转换词性转换 有提示词有提示词 介词介词, ,冠词冠词, ,所有格后接名词所有格后接名词, ,形容词修形容词修饰名词饰名词, ,副词修饰副词修饰形容词形容词/ /动词动词/ /整个句子整个句子1. “thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude). 2. as far as i am concer

17、ned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a chinese-english within easy reach. 3. this proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, i think it is still a good one which brin

18、gs more good than harm to the students and the nation. 考查语法点考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时, ,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5 5点顺利解点顺利解决：决：（1 1）作主语或宾语用）作主语或宾语用_形式。形式。（2 2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+(+形容词形容词) )、不定代、不定代词词(some, any, a lot of(some, any,

19、a lot of等等) )、介词后还没有名词时，、介词后还没有名词时，就用就用_形式。形式。（3 3）作定语、表语或补足语用）作定语、表语或补足语用_形式。形式。（4 4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用在句首修饰全句，用_。（5 5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀前缀或后缀，也可能用其，也可能用其比较级或最高级比较级或最高级。解题技巧解题技巧考点归纳考点归纳 在高考全国

20、卷中出现的考纲词的派生在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换仅考查了以下换仅考查了以下3点：点：(1)形容词形容词副词。副词。(2)形容词形容词名词。名词。(3)名词名词形容词。形容词。考点八：考点八：形容词副形容词副词的级词的级 有提示词有提示词通常，有表示范围的通常，有表示范围的in /ofin /of介词短语或介词短语或形容词前有形容词前有thethe时，一般要用最高级；时，一般要用最高

21、级；thanthan的前面一定要用比较级的前面一定要用比较级1. one of the _ (bad) gift choices i ever made was for my high school english teacher 2. we were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. when it was time to leave, i said “thank you” in korean, using some of the few words i had le

22、arned. i felt _ (lonely) than i had expected that night. 3. lucille clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. critics call her one of the _ (great) writers of our time.解题技巧解题技巧 当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通通,就很可能填该

23、词的比较级或最高级。就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。 注意：注意： 要善于分析语境要善于分析语境,辨别省略了辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。的隐性比较级。 若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。意义的前缀或后缀。1. (2015卷卷i65) seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river which are pictured by artists in so many chinese

24、_ (painting). 2. (2014卷卷i49) while there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.考点九：考点九：名词名词 做主语或宾语做主语或宾语考查语法点考查语法点: 名词的单复数转化名词的单复数转化 / (可数与不可数)解题技巧解题技巧 名词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾名词在句中的典型用法就