中考阅读理解公开课

1、 The Skills of reading comprehension阅读理解解题方法阅读理解解题方法1.先看文章先看文章,再看试题再看试题.2.先看试题先看试题,然后带着问题再看文章然后带着问题再看文章.(常用方法常用方法) 阅读理解解题步骤阅读理解解题步骤1.扫读扫读:即快速阅读即快速阅读,通览全文通览全文.发现关键句发现关键句(特别特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句.2.细读细读:集中精力研读课文集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁分清文章体裁,把握把握文章中心和主要内容文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息进而掌握文章细节信息(五个五个W, wh

2、o, what, when, where, why)3.查读查读:认真检查认真检查,尽量减少答题错误尽量减少答题错误.考查事实细节：考查事实细节：猜测生词含义：猜测生词含义：推理判断：推理判断：归纳主旨大意：归纳主旨大意：推测作者的态度、意图和目的：推测作者的态度、意图和目的：阅读理解考查题型阅读理解考查题型对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找寻找对原因、结果、事实的对原因、结果、事实的正确理解正确理解n常用提问方式：常用提问方式：1. According to the passage, who (what, why, where, when，how man

3、y/much, how long).?2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is (not) true?通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误 He / she should have an interest in making pizza. More importantly, he/ she should have work experience in a restaurant. The ad tells us that_A. The assistant must be a man.

4、B. The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant.C. Pucci pizza has branches all over China.B事实理解题解题技巧：事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在事实细节题一般在: 1文中有文中有原句原句； 2找相关信息进行找相关信息进行比对比对; 3找找近义词或同义句近义词或同义句; 4进行简单数学进行简单数学计算计算; 在读文章时把这些信息划下来在读文章时把这些信息划下来 词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：常

5、见的提问方式有： 1) The word . refers to _ 2) The underlined . probably means _The ways of guessing the new words in context:1、根据生活经验及普通常识猜词、根据生活经验及普通常识猜词 Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen. 2.Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies. 3.Its really cold outside, and my hands are both numb.(氧气和

6、氢气氧气和氢气)(育儿袋育儿袋)(冻僵了的冻僵了的,麻木的麻木的,失去知觉的失去知觉的)2、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断1.Some people like to walk quickly home after work，but I prefer to stroll home and look at the store windows along the way.2.She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrives quite late.3. The old man put on hi

7、s spectacles and began to read.(漫步，闲逛漫步，闲逛)(按时的按时的)（眼镜）（眼镜）3、根据关联词来猜测、根据关联词来猜测 表示因果关系的表示因果关系的： 表示同义关系的表示同义关系的： 表示反义关系的表示反义关系的：because, as, since, for, so, as a resultand, like, just as, the same as.but, however, though, although, yet, instead (of)1.I could see nothing because the light was so faint

8、2.Tom is very polite, but his brother is quite rude.3. A lot of the worlds natural resources like oil come from poor countries. (昏暗的）昏暗的）(粗鲁的粗鲁的)(资源资源)4. 利用构词法进行猜测利用构词法进行猜测根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，memory memorable order disorder un- ; dis-;-less : ; mis-: ;re-: ; -ern:-er ,-or, -ist : ;2. 根

9、据根据“合成词合成词”猜测。猜测。 如如book +mark bookmark sleep+walker sleepwalker不，无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人 But sometimes, no rain falls for a long long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought.5、根据定义、释义、举例猜词、根据定义、释义、举例猜词这种同义或释义关系常由这种同义或释义关系常由is, or, that is, in other words, be called, 破折号或定语从破折号或定语从句等来表示。句等来表示。(干旱干旱) 实

10、战演练实战演练Well, Ive relearned it. I hope I have time left to enjoy the successes of others and to take pleasure in the day. Thats the heart of the watermelon.“the heart of the watermelon” refers to_. A. the best part of the watermelon. B. the writers busy life C. the writers decision of making money. D

11、. the writers hope of enjoying life.考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？We can infer(推断) from the story thatWhats the passage mainly about?It can be inferred from the passage that According to the story, what would happen next? The first paragraph tells us that

12、What can we learn from the passage? 先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。要悟出字里行间的意思。 Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People dont want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news

13、.According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? _You often play football with your friends after school.Your teacher has got a cold.A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.The bike in front of your house is lost.CdangerbadWhen you cough or sneez

14、e, please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this.What does the underlined word “this” mean?_Dont cough or sneez

15、e in front of peopleDont stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes.Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train.A. Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry.D 解题技巧：解题技巧： 推断题一般在文章中没有现成的答案，需推断题一般在文章中没有现成的答案，需要从字里行间领会作者的意图，读出文章要从字里行间领会作者的意图，读出文章潜台词。须运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主潜台词。须运用逻辑推理的方法，综

16、合主旨句、主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措旨句、主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意辞，作出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所指代的对象。代词所指代的对象。包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等常见的提问方式有：常见的提问方式有：(1）What is the main idea of the passage?(2) The first paragraph tells us that _(3) Which of the following expresses the main idea?(4) The passage is mainl

17、y about _(5) The best title for the story is _(6) Which of the following is the best title? Reading is a good habit, but the problem is , theres too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two sk

18、ills that I think are especially good. _Can you find the topic sentence? Do you know more and more Chinese artists have made regular donations to charity(慈善)or put their efforts into charity work in China? Here lets know some of them. What is the passage mainly about? _ A. Chinese charity work. B. C

19、harity work of some Chinese artists. C. Some famous Chinese artists. D. Organizations started by Chinese artists.B_ 解题技巧：解题技巧： 此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主要找到主题句。题句。 找主题句。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论找主题句。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述、后分述的叙事方法，文大都采用先总述、后分述的叙事方法，因此主题句大都在段首或篇首。因此主题句大都在

20、段首或篇首。 用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。那么主题句往往就在段末或篇末。那么主题句往往就在段末或篇末。 1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。出来。 常见的提问方式有：常见的提问方式有： (1) What is the writers purpose in writing the passage? (2) The writer probabl

21、y feels that _ (3) What is the writers main point? (4) What is the writers attitude towards? (5) In the passage the writer tries to tell us that _ (6) The writer suggest(暗示) that _ (7) The writer wants to prove that _题目都是围绕作者的意题目都是围绕作者的意图、目的和态度图、目的和态度 Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt and the right way to do the trousers. Now when I think about it, I dont think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank he