2022版高考英语一轮复习必修2Unit3Computers课件新人教版 (1)

1、unit 3computers主题: 人与社会子话题: 科学与技术对应教材: 必修2unit 3computers; 必修5unit 3life in the future; 选修7unit 2robots; 选修8unit 3inventors and inventionsstep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识. 细品味经典文章 science and technology plays an important role in peoples daily life. if you compare the life of people today with that in the past, it

2、 is easy to see that science and technology have done a great deal to improve the quality of peoples life. for example, computers have become our good friends: with the help of computers, people all over the world are able to share whatever information on the net, which shortens the distance between

3、 them. with the invention of radio and tv, people now can stay at home to get themselves informed about both domestic and international news. but as a coin has two sides, technology can also have an negative influence upon peoples life. now technology crimes are very common. whats more, the nuclear

4、bomb threatens our human existence. so i think we must pay enough attention to the misuse of technology. in spite of its disadvantages, we should admit that technology is very useful. without science and technology, mans life would not be as convenient as today. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中表示“任何事情都有两面性”的句子。_ 2

5、. 你认为科技的弊端是什么? _a coin has two sides.technology crimes are very common. whats more, the nuclear bombthreatens our human existence. step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力. 重点词汇1. solve vt. 解决; 解答【教材原句】in 1936 my real father, alan turing, wrote a book about how i could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any

6、 difficult mathematical problem. (p18)1936年, 我的生父艾伦图灵(alan turing)写了一本书, 讲述如何让我像一台万能机器一样工作, 解决任何困难的数学问题。【词块必记】(1)solve problems 解决问题(2)solutionn. 解决办法; 处理手段a/the solution to sth. 的解决方法【语境速测】 单句语法填空_ (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in ai seems to be possible but not easy. with

7、most of the problems _ (solve), i felt a great weight taken off my mind. it may take a long time to find a _ (solve) to the problem. to be honest, im at a loss how _(solve)the problem. solvingsolvedsolutionto solve2. signal vi. &vt. 发信号n. 信号【典型例句】to westerners whove grown up with traffic signals

8、, red means “stop” and sometimes even “danger”, whereas in china, red is the color of good luck. 红色在交通信号灯中的意思是“停止”, 在西方人的眼中, 红色有时还意味着“危险”, 而在中国, 红色是代表好运当头的颜色。【词块必记】(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal (to) sb. that. . . 示意某人(2) give a signal (to sb. )(向某人)发信号【语境速测】 单句语法填空she signaled _ she wa

9、s about to turn left. as soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled _ the waiter to bring the menu. 句式升级the bell rang, and signaled that school was over. the bell rang, _. (非限制性定语从句) the bell rang, _. (分词作状语) thattowhich signaled that school was oversignaling that school was over3. arise vi. (aro

10、se, arisen, arising)出现; 发生; 引起; 产生; 起身; 起床【典型例句】then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. 然后她准备可靠的行动, 以应对新情况的出现。【词块必记】(1)arise from=arise out of由引起/产生; 从中产生(2)arise from ones chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起(3)arise为不及物动词, 表示“出现, 发生”时, 主语一般为argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, proble

11、m, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词, 无被动语态。【语境速测】 单句语法填空to our great surprise, many problems _(arise) ever since the host was replaced. 句式升级休息时, 他开始处理课上出现的问题。(arise)at break, he got down to dealing with the matters _. (分词作定语) at break, he got down to dealing with the matters _. (定语从句) have arisenarising from h

12、is classwhich arose from his class. 核心短语4. as a result结果【教材原句】as a result i totally changed my shape. (p18)因此, 我彻底改变了我的外形。【词块必记】(1)as a result of因为; 由于(2)result in导致; 造成result from由造成; 起因于【名师点津】(1)as a result意为“因此, 结果”, 是介词短语, 常作状语。(2)as a result of意为“由于”, 是介词短语, 表示原因, 只能接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。【语境速

13、测】 单句语法填空as _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. jenny nearly missed the flight as a result _ doing too much shopping. 句型转换he was too careless; as a result, he failed the english test. he failed the english test _carelessness. his carelessness _in the eng

14、lish test. his failure in the english test _. aofas a result ofresulted in his failureresulted from his carelessness. 经典句式5. and my memory became so large that even i couldnt believe it! 我的存储量变得如此之大, 连我自己都不能相信! 【句型公式】so/such. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句, 意为“如此以至于”。(1)so. . . that. . . 句型的常见形式: so+adj. /a

15、dv. +that. . . so+adj. +a/an+n. +that. . . so+many/much/few/little(少)+n. +that. . . (2)such. . . that. . . 句型的常见形式: such+a/an+adj. +n. +that. . . such+adj. +n. (复数或不可数)+that. . . (3)当so/such放在句首时, 主句要用部分倒装语序。【语境速测】 单句语法填空she spoke _ quietly that i could hardly hear her. he took _ many boxes with him

16、 that he had to call a taxi. he is _ good a student that we all like him. they are _ little boys and eat _ little food that we all love them very much. 句型转换it was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street. it was _there was nobody in the street. (用such. . . that. . . 改写) sosososuchsosuch a c

17、old day that【备选要点】1. total adj. 总的; 整个的n. 总数; 合计【典型例句】the club has a total membership of 300. 这家俱乐部的成员总数为300人。【词块必记】(1)in total=in all总计; 总共(2)total up=add up=amount算出总数 total (up) to=add up to=amount to 共计达; 总额为(3) totally adv. 完全地【语境速测】 单句语法填空the match was so wonderful that he was _(total) carried

18、 away. i am _ total disagreement with you as to the value of your plan. 【完成句子】your bill for tonights dinner _(总计达)288 yuan. totallyintotals (up) to /adds up to/ amounts to2. goal n. 目标; 目的; 球门; (进球)得分【典型例句】a life without a goal is like a boat without paddles, you move, but you dont know where you wi

19、ll be in the next minute. 没有目标的生活就像没有桨的船, 你在移动但不知道下一分钟你会在哪里。【词块必记】set a goal in life 确定生活目标achieve/realize/reach ones goal实现某人的目标score a goal进球得分【语境速测】 单句语法填空with _ goal in mind, you will be amazed at how stimulated and uplifted you feel. a successful person usually makes many mistakes before his go

20、al _(achieve). 【完成句子】you should spare no effort and never give up easily until you _. 你应该不遗余力, 决不轻易放弃, 直到你实现了目标。ais achievedachieve/realize/reach your goal3. in a way在某种程度上; 从某一角度看【教材原句】in a way our programmer is like our coach. (p23)从某种程度上说, 我们的程序就像是我们的教练。【词块必记】all the way一路上; 自始至终; 完全by the way顺便说

21、一下in no way一点也不; 决不(位于句首时, 句子应使用部分倒装)in this way用这种方法in the way挡道; 碍事on the way在途中【语境速测】 用way短语填空 _, the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work. mrs smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _ whenever she tries to. he decided that he would driv

22、e _home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night. in a wayin thewayall the way【完成句子】in no way _when you are faced with difficulties. 面对困难时, 你决不应该失去信心。should you lose heart4. deal with处理; 安排; 对付; 应付; 论及; 涉及; 与打交道; 做买卖【教材原句】this means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinn

23、er and deal with telephone calls. (p24)这意味着它应该打扫房间, 拖地板, 做饭和接电话。【词块必记】(1)deal in做生意; 经营; 买卖(2)make a deal达成协议; 做成交易its a deal. 成交; 一言为定。(3)a great/good deal of许多; 大量(后接不可数名词)a great/good deal 许多; 大量(用作主语、宾语或状语)【知识拓展】deal with, do with都有“处理”的意思。deal with常和how连用, do with常与what连用。【语境速测】 单句语法填空 _ should

24、 you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email? we dont know _ to do with the waste paper. a great deal of money _(spend) on food so far. 【完成句子】 we may have different opinions in organizing class activities. we may _ _. 对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。howwhathas been spenthavevarious w

25、ays to deal with such a situation5. as time went by, i was made smaller. (p18)随着时间的推移, 我被弄得越来越小。 【句型公式】as作连词, 有以下用法: (1)“当时候; 一边一边; 随着”, 引导时间状语从句。(2)“按照的方式(办法); 如同”, 引导方式状语从句。(3)“因为; 既然”, 引导原因状语从句。(4)“尽管”, 引导让步状语从句。(5)引导比较状语从句, 常用于as. . . as. . . 句型, 意为“像一样”(第一个as是副词, 第二个as是连词)。【名师点津】当as引导让步状语从句时, 从

26、句使用部分倒装, 即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面; 单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。【语境速测】 完成句子_, i didnt reply to your email as soon as i received it. 因为我正忙着准备考试, 我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。he did not need to keep moving house, _. 他不用像他父亲那样不停地搬家了。child _, he knows how to help others. 他虽是个孩子, 却知道如何帮助别人。as i was busy preparing for my examas his f

27、ather hadas he is句型转换 as time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life. =_, he contented himself with a simple life. with time going on/bystep 3 强化检测提升学习能力. 单句语法填空1. (2020全国卷)dont take it _ (personal). 2. (2020新高考全国卷)the _ (solve), of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek s

28、helter during the daytime. 3. (2020江苏高考)when wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal _ the catastrophe that had happened to their lives. personallysolutionwith4. (2020江苏高考)the speed of 6g will exceed 125 gb/s, allowing for a new generation of

29、virtual _ (real). 5. (2020江苏高考)their lifestyles were _ (type) of ordinary people. realitytypical. 【完成句子】1. (2019北京高考)we need _(处理)the insecure nature of our telecom networks. 2. (2019北京高考)some students dont have a reliable car, while others have to _(与父母共用) who work six days a week. 3. (2019江苏高考)_(毕

30、竟), not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 4. (2018全国卷)if you _(锻炼) in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. to deal withshare vehicles with parentsafter allwor

31、k out5. (2017江苏高考)you might think that developing nations would _(弥补这些损失) (especially since 80% of the worlds people now live in such nations), but youd be wrong. make up theloss. 语法填空 we are faced with universal technological revolution. we are surrounded by electronics devices. we use calculators

32、1. _(solve) maths questions, which 2. _(make) calculation easier. with the help of 3. _(computer), we can deal with electronic mails and explore the world. ai (artificial intelligence) has simplified our life in 4. _ way. in reality, almost every young person has a mobile phone. the sum is totally a

33、mazing. 5. _ (personal), we should use our phones properly. 6. _ some people are crazy 7. _ their mobile phones. they to solvemakescomputersapersonallybutaboutoften walk on the busy streets, 8. _ (type) messages now and then. as a result, many accidents are caused now. in order to keep us safe and 9

34、. _(health), wed better use electronic devices wisely 10. _ now on. typinghealthyfromstep 4 直击高考培养思维品质核心素养培养创新精神, 掌握先进技术吸取先进的理念, 树立科学的学习方法高考链接2020浙江高考阅读理解b; 2019全国卷阅读理解c; 2018天津高考阅读理解c; 2018全国卷阅读理解d; 2018北京高考阅读理解d. 话题与阅读理解(2019全国卷阅读理解c)as data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the mar

35、ket is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces. at present, these technologies are still expensive, though. researchers from georgia tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.

36、this smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. the keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. these patterns are unique to each person.

37、thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right. it also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. everybody uses a

38、keyboard and everybody types differently. in a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error r

39、ates. the researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. the team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全, 而且这项技术也不贵。1. why do the researchers develop th

40、e smart keyboard? a. to reduce pressure on keys. b. to improve accuracy in typing. c. to replace the password system. d. to cut the cost of e-space protection. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据第一段的at present, these technologies are still expensive, though. 和第二段的researchers from georgia tech say that they have come up

41、 with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. 可知, 研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选d。2. what makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? a. computers are much easier to operate. b. fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. c. typing patterns vary from person to pe

42、rson. d. data security measures are guaranteed. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第二段的the keyboard could offer. . . the keyboard can determine peoples identities可知, 由于每个人的打字方式不同, 使得智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选c。3. what do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? a. itll be environment-friendly. b. itll reach consumers soon. c

43、. itll be made of plastics. d. itll help speed up typing. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据最后一段的the team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 可知, 研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选b。4. where is this text most likely from? a. a diary. b. a guidebook. c. a novel. d. a magazine. 【解析】选d。文章出处题。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘, 它能给e-space用户带来安全,

44、 由此可知, 本文是一篇关于科技的文章, 结合所给选项可知, 本文可能来自一本杂志。故选d。【微技能点拨】捕捉关联信息明晰作者意图1. 根据文体类别判断写作目的。广告类文章一般是为了推销; 故事类文体往往通过词汇的感情色彩表达特定的意义; 说明类文体一般是为了普及和推广; 议论文的目的往往是表达一种观点、立场、态度或看法等。2. 从写作手法上判断作者意图。根据文章的写作手法(比如: 倒叙、设问、举例、比喻、引用、对比等)判断作者的写作意图。3. 利用语篇标志词判断上下文的逻辑关系(but, yet, so, because, in fact, however等)。以本文第1题为例, 解题策略如

45、下: step 1根据问题定位关联信息: these technologies are still _, though; they have come up with _device that _. step 2对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答: _。 expensivea low-costgets around this problemd【语用提能】话题词汇identity; fingerprint; security; unique; type; recognize短语come up with; get around; regardless of; be familiar with; based

46、 on; make it to market【微语法填空】nowadays, biometric technologies-like fingerprint scans-are 1. _ (wide) used to prevent identity theft. however, these technologies are still expensive 2. _(use). in order to cut down the cost of protecting personal information, researchers came up 3. _ a low-cost device

47、, a smart keyboard that can record and analyse the users habit of using the keyboard. thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and whether they should 4. _ (give) access to the computer its connected to, regardless of 5. _ someone gets the password right. this technology has been tested

48、with 100 volunteers and proved efficient and precise. the 6. _ (researcher) hope to make it to market in the near future. 1. 【解析】widely。考查词性转换。此处为副词作状语, 修饰动词used。2. 【解析】to use。考查不定式。“形容词+不定式”为习惯搭配。3. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。come up with为固定搭配。4. 【解析】be given。考查被动语态。they 和give access to之间为被动关系。5. 【解析】whether。

49、考查宾语从句。句意: 不管某人是否输入正确的密码。此处为whether 引导的宾语从句。6. 【解析】researchers。考查名词复数。此处复指上文提到的研究人员, 为复数。. 话题与写作(2018天津高考改编)假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津, 你的美国朋友chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队, 参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。1. 比赛的时间、地点; 2. 邀请他的原因。 注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯; 3. 尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。

50、参考词汇: 世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the world adolescent robotics competitionstep 1写作技巧(1)要点写作(根据汉语提示补全句子)世界青少年机器人技能竞赛将于今年7月底在天津举行。the world adolescent robotics competition _in tianjin at the end of this july. 我和我的同学们喜欢探索科学世界, 因此我们组成小组去参加比赛。my classmates and i like to explore the world of science, so we _ to take pa

51、rt in the competition. is to be heldhave formed agroup我想知道你是否能加入并分享你的经验。 i wonder whether you can join us and _. 毕竟, 你曾参加过机器人比赛并得过奖。_, you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award. 我们会遇到许多困难, 希望你能帮我们解决。we may meet a lot of difficulties and we hope you can help us _them. share yo

52、ur experience with usafter alldeal with作为队长, 我真诚地邀请你加入到我们当中, 我相信我们共同努力一定会取得好的结果。as the group leader, i sincerely _ and i am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results. invite you to join us(2)句式升级用as a result改写句。my classmates and i like to explore the world of science,

53、 _. 用定语从句改写句。we hope you can help us _. as a result, we haveformed a group to take part in the competitiondeal with a lot of difficulties that we may meetstep 2妙笔成篇(运用关联词串连以上句子)_【参考范文】dear chris, i have good news to tell you. the world adolescent robotics competition is to be held in tianjin at the

54、end of this july, which interests me greatly. my classmates and i like to explore the world of science. as a result, we have formed a group to take part in the competition. i wonder whether you can join us and share your experience with us. after all, you once participated in a robotics competition

55、and won the award. we hope you can help us deal with a lot of difficulties that we may meet. so as the group leader, i sincerely invite you to join us and i am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results. im looking forward to your reply. yours, li jin阅读理解 the traffic s

56、ignals along factoria boulevard in bellevue, washington, generally dont flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. at 9: 30 am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. by 9: 33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. less traf

57、fic at 9: 37 am could push it down to 135. just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes. that is by design. bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the us: intersection (十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traff

58、ic conditions. these lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home. “adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says alex stevanovic, a researcher at florida atlantic university. for all of bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. kevin balke, a research engineer at the texas a&m u