初中英语主谓一致豪华PPT课件

1、Both boys their own hobbies.The class busying writing English passages.Neither you nor I wrong .Can you find out some grammar rules?haveaream第1页/共33页The group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.is isareare第2页/共33页主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致。语法一致意义一致就近一致主谓一致第3页/共33页 单数名词 单数代词 动词不定式短语 谓单 动

2、名词短语 从句 主语为复数 谓复(一)语法一致原则1、当主语是：第4页/共33页Examples His father working on the farm. To study English well not easy. What he said very important for us all. The children in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun bad for your eyes.isisisiswere第5页/共33页 2、由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。 如

3、:Lucy and Lily twins. Both she and he Young Pioneers.areare第6页/共33页 Attention: 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 如:The writer and artist come. 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every, more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。 如:Every student and every teacher was in the room. No boy and no girl

4、likes it.has第7页/共33页The gift is used to have western meals.What is it?A knife and fork used to have meals.is第8页/共33页 3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 第9页/共33页1. The teacher

5、 with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 第10页/共33页 4、 either, neither, each, everyeither, neither, each, every 或或no +no +单单数名词数名词和由和由some, any, no, everysome,

6、any, no, every构成的构成的复合不复合不定代词定代词, ,都作都作单数单数看待。看待。如如:Each of us:Each of us a new book.a new book.（havehave） Everything around usEverything around us matter.matter.hasis第11页/共33页 由each, every, no, many a所修饰的名词，即使用 and连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。e.g. Each man and woman _ the same rights. A. has B. have C. had D. i

7、s having 第12页/共33页注意注意: : 在口语中当在口语中当neitherneither后跟有后跟有“ofof+ +复数复数名词名词( (或代词或代词)”)”作主语时作主语时, ,其谓语动词也可用其谓语动词也可用复复数。数。如如:Neither of the texts :Neither of the texts is (are)is (are) interesting. interesting. 若若none ofnone of后面的名词是后面的名词是不可数不可数名词名词, ,它的谓语动它的谓语动词就要用词就要用单单数数; ;若它后面的名词是若它后面的名词是复复数数, ,它的谓语

8、动词它的谓语动词用用单数单数或或复数复数都可以。都可以。如如:None of us :None of us has (have)has (have) been to America. been to America.第13页/共33页1.Nothing _ 1.Nothing _ （bebe）difficult in the difficult in the world if you set your mind to it .world if you set your mind to it .is 不定代词everybody everyone everything anyone anybody

9、 anything someone somebody something nobody no one nothing each the other 等作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 2. Everything ready. (be)is3. Someone to see you. (want)wants 第14页/共33页5、在定语从句里,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:He is one of my friends who was working hard. He is the only one of my friends who i

10、s working hard.第15页/共33页 6 6、如果集体名词指的是、如果集体名词指的是整个集体整个集体, ,它的谓语动词用它的谓语动词用单单数数; ;如果它指集体的如果它指集体的成员成员, ,其谓语动词就用其谓语动词就用复数复数形式。这些词形式。这些词有有family, class, crowd, committee, population, family, class, crowd, committee, population, audienceaudience等。等。如如:Class Four:Class Four on the third floor. on the third

11、 floor. Class Four Class Four unable to agree upon a monitorunable to agree upon a monitor. . 注意注意:people, police, cattle:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。等名词一般都用作复数。如如:The police:The police looking for the lost child.looking for the lost child.isareare第16页/共33页7 7、由、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of,

12、the rest a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + of, the majority of + 名词名词”构成的构成的短语短语以及由以及由“分数或百分数分数或百分数+ +名词名词”构成的短语作主语构成的短语作主语, ,其谓语动其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数名词的数而定。而定。如如:There:There a lot of people in the classroom.a lot of people in the classroom.The rest of the lectur

13、eThe rest of the lecture wonderful. wonderful. 注意注意: : a number ofa number of 许多许多,作定语修饰复数名词作定语修饰复数名词, ,谓谓语用语用复复数数; ;the number ofthe number of的数量的数量,主语是主语是number,number,谓语用谓语用单单数。数。areis第17页/共33页 8 8、在倒装句中、在倒装句中, ,谓语动词的数应与其后的谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。主语一致。如如:There:There the bus.(come)the bus.(come) On the wa

14、ll On the wall many pictures. many pictures. Such Such the result. the result. comesareis第18页/共33页1 1、what, who, which, any, more, allwhat, who, which, any, more, all等代词等代词可以是可以是单数单数, ,也可是也可是复数复数, ,主要靠意思来决定。主要靠意思来决定。如如:Which:Which your bag? your bag? Which Which your bags?your bags? All All going we

15、ll. going well. ( (二二) )意义一致原则意义一致原则: :isareis第19页/共33页2 2、表示、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱 等的名等的名词的复数作主语时词的复数作主语时, ,谓语动词通常用谓语动词通常用单数单数形式形式, , 这这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体如如:Thirty minutes:Thirty minutes enough for the work.enough for the work. 3 3、若主语是、若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名

16、、国名名等的复数形式等的复数形式, ,其谓语动词通常用其谓语动词通常用单数单数形式。形式。如如: The Arabian Nights: The Arabian Nights an interesting an interesting story-book story-book isis第20页/共33页4 4、表数量的短语、表数量的短语“one and a halfone and a half”后接复数名词后接复数名词作主语时作主语时, ,其谓语动词可用其谓语动词可用单数单数形式形式, ,也可用也可用复数复数。如如:One and a half apples:One and a half a

17、pples left on the left on the table.table.5 5、算式中表示、算式中表示数目数目( (字字) )的主语通常作的主语通常作单单数看待数看待, ,其谓其谓语动词采用语动词采用单单数形式。数形式。如如:Twelve plus eight:Twelve plus eight twenty. twenty. is (are)is第21页/共33页6. 由分数或百分数或时，谓语动词的形式 e.g. Lots of damage _(be) caused by the fire. Some students are planting trees. The rest

18、of them _(be) watering them. On the earth about 75% of the surface _(be) covered with waterwasis第22页/共33页 7 7、一些学科名词是以、一些学科名词是以 -ics -ics 结尾结尾, ,如如:mathematics, politics, physics :mathematics, politics, physics 以及以及news, news, worksworks等等, ,都属于都属于形式上是复数的名词形式上是复数的名词, ,实际意义为实际意义为单数名词单数名词, ,它们作主语时它们作主

19、语时, ,其谓语动词要用其谓语动词要用单数单数形式。形式。如如:The paper works:The paper works built in 1990.built in 1990. I think physics I think physics easy to study.easy to study.wasisnt第23页/共33页 8 8、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主等词作主语时语时, ,谓语用谓语用复数复数, ,但如果这些名词前有但如果这些名词前有a (the) pa

20、ir a (the) pair ofof等等量量词修饰时词修饰时, ,谓语动词用谓语动词用单单数。数。如如:My glasses:My glasses broken. broken. The pair of shoes under the bed The pair of shoes under the bed his.his.9 9、 定冠词定冠词the + the + 形容词或分词形容词或分词,表示某表示某一类一类人时人时, ,动动词用词用复复数。数。areis第24页/共33页( (三三) )就近一致原则。就近一致原则。1 1、当两个主语由、当两个主语由either or, neither

21、 nor, either or, neither nor, whether or , not only but alsowhether or , not only but also连接时连接时, ,谓语动词和谓语动词和邻近的主语邻近的主语一致。一致。如如:Either the teacher or the students:Either the teacher or the students our our friends. friends. Neither they nor he Neither they nor he wholly right. wholly right. areis第25页/共33页 2 2、there bethere be句型句型bebe动词单复数取决于动词单复数取决于其后其后的主语的主语。如果其后是由。如果其后是由andand连接的连接的两个主语两个主语, ,则应与则应与靠近的靠近的那个主语保持一致。那个主语保持一致。如如:There:There two chairs and a desk in two chairs