2018四级写作真题解析ppt课件

1、2018.12-2018.06四级写作真题解析 2018年年12月第一套月第一套u Writing(30 minutes)u Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年年12月第一套月第一套u 审题u 1）challenges “挑战” (面对新环境、新阶段需克服的困难

2、) 复数u 2) of living in a big city. 明确“挑战”的具体内容2018年年12月第一套月第一套u 思路u 1）开篇 借现实问题或正或反引入（“大城市生活”）u 2) 主体 明确“挑战”的具体内容u 3）扣题 围绕“挑战”，而非“做选择（是否应住在）”或“提建议（如何应对）”2018年年12月第一套月第一套u 论证方式 1）正面论证 直接列举或说明大城市生活的挑战，如孤独、压力等 2) 反面论证 以小城市或乡村具备的独特优势反衬出大城市的劣势 3）事实论证 引述研究或枚举个例，说明某种具体城市生活会面临的挑战/问题等2018年年12月第一套月第一套u “大城市” me

3、tropolis n. metropolitan a. megacity n. downtown n./a./ad. urbanization n. urban sprawl public transport/ mass transit rows of skyscrapers buzzing/bustling high streets a skyline studded with high-risesa robust and reliable transportation net work2018年年12月第一套月第一套u “大城市”的挑战 smog/haze n. sandstorm n.

4、rent n. landlord n. tenant n. traffic jam/ congestion n. rocketing/ soaring house prices light/noise/exhaust pollution the urban heat island effect commuting timethe health hazard posed by lead in petroladapt/adjust to the fast paced life2018年年12月第一套月第一套u City life is millions of people being loneso

5、me together. (Henry David Thoreau) 城市是一个几百万人一起孤独生活的地方。（亨利. 戴维. 梭罗）u A large city cannot be experientially known; its life is too manifold for any individual to be able to participate in it. (Aldous Huxley) 人们无法凭经验了解一座大城市。对任何人来说，城市生活都过于纷繁复杂而无法参与其中。（阿道司.赫胥黎）u In a large city, you might have to fight f

6、or a parking spot, push through a crowd, and wait long in line. Small inconveniences like these add up and turn a quick trip for milk into an hour-long endeavor. 2018年年12月第一套月第一套 I Today, an increasing number of people are considering_. It is true that by _, _ can _. But we must recognize that many

7、challenges await us in this process. II As far as I am concerned, the major challenges of _are as follows. Firstly, as the number of _boosts, the competition for _ is getting more intensive. So it is harder for us to _. Secondly, to better _, we need to overcome the obstacles of _/ have _ experience

8、/ qualifications as _ requires. And that is very difficult for one who _/ what whose _ lacks. And dont forget the annoying _, we seem to have little choice but to live with it. III Although _ brings numerous benefits/ can be a fulfilling process, it comes with tis share of challenges. 2018年年12月第一套月第

9、一套 Nowadays, the global trend of urban migration seems unstoppable. For many people, the term “big city” is synonymous with services, resources and job opportunities. But they need to be aware that urban life is challenging as well. Probably the most daunting problem is ever-higher house prices push

10、ed by a growing urban population. newcomers to a metropolis always feel distressed by the necessity of finding affordable housing. In addition, the hustle and bustle of urban life often causes physical and mental suffering, as evidenced by sleepy-eyed commuters in overcrowded subway trains or impati

11、ent drivers stuck in rush hour traffic. Last but not least, an awful living environment can also be torture for big city dwellers, who may get irritated with poor air quality, traffic noise, or the mere sight of a dense cityscape. 2018年年12月第一套月第一套 To sum up, for all the advantages of living in a lar

12、ge city, people still have to overcome various challenges they face.2018年年6月第二套月第二套u Writing(30 minutes)u Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

13、words.2018年年6月第二套月第二套u 审题u 1）the importance of writing ability “写作能力”的重要性 (价值/意义) 注：并没有特别提及哪一种语言的写作能力u 2) how to develop 如何“提高/培养”2018年年6月第二套月第二套u 思路u 1）要点一 “写作能力的重要性” 浅层：个人语言学习、表达能力的帮助 深层：对个人长远发展，甚至对社会、国家形象影响等u 2) 要点二 “提高”具体途径，如模仿、练习、坚持等结合当前社会上的写作氛围等提供建议2018年年6月第二套月第二套u 论证方式 1）对比论证 以“写作能力差”的负面影响反衬能

14、力价值 2) 类比论证 借其他技能的提升方式说明写作能力的提升方式 3）举例论证 列举一些著名事例，说明提高写作能力的方式等2018年年6月第二套月第二套u “写作能力的重要性” an important asset the vital means of communication contribute to development of communicate your ideas with clarity and ease to others form a positive/ negative impression help you refine your ideas cultivate

15、critical/ logical thinking ability complete your university assignments is necessary/ essential for most jobs 2018年年6月第二套月第二套u “提高写作能力的做法” accurate a. correct/ flawless a. clear and concise sharpen ones writing skills choose flavored words avoid bland phrases that make your writing tasteless use rhe

16、toric outline your content make your content more nourishing stimulate the interest of the audience/ reader through discuss your work with a wonderful tutor give yourself some challenging topics2018年年6月第二套月第二套u Be it a school, college, workplace or a society, writing has become a vital yardstick to

17、assess ones knowledge and intellectuality. 不管是在中小学、大学、职场还是在社会上，写作已成为评估一个人知识与智力的重要标尺。u Writing improves the thinking process and contributes to the development of critical thinking skills because an individual has to clearly state ideas and lay out arguments in such a way as to cultivate higher order

18、 thinking. 写作能改善思维过程，并有助于培养批判性思维能力，因为（写作中）个人需要清楚地表达观点并展开论证，这种方法能使我们培养起高阶推理思维。 2018年年6月第二套月第二套 I The philosopher Francis Bacon once said, “reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man”. In this era featuring knowledge explosion and intense competition, the capabilities o

19、f using language, especially _, are playing an increasingly important role in our long-term development. Without a certain _ ability, we are powerless in _. Besides, the stronger our _ ability is, the better/more we can _, and thus the more likely we are to stand out. II Admittedly, to enhance _, si

20、mply _ is not enough. As _ is the foundation of _, to steadily boost our _ability, we must _. Whats more, forming a habit of _ also proves to be an effective way to improve our _. Only by keeping _ can we refine our _skills step by step. 2018年年6月第二套月第二套 III In short, improving _ is a journey of self

21、-cultivation, and by sticking to this process we will surely make accomplishments and become better. 2018年年6月第二套月第二套 Tsinghua Universitys decision to make Writing and Communication a required course has sparked a heated debate recently. Manly people regard writing as a must-have skill only for certa

22、in professions, on which they dont have to put much emphasis. But writing, as I see it, is a basic ability everyone cant do without. From composing a well-organized paper, to giving a sharply-focused work report, and even posting a sentiment on Wechat Moment, all aspects of life just require this ability. On top of