专练03：七选五-2020-2021学年下学期高一英语期末复习题型专项训练（牛津 2020）

1、2020-2021学年下学期高一英语期末复习题型 专项训练（新牛津译林版）专练 03 七选五（含解析）一、七选五01How to Speak in MeetingsMaking your voice heard is one way to gain respect in your school or workplace. Yet, you may feel like you have nothing new to say or contribute. Here are some ways to make you feel ready for a meeting.1Having some ide

2、as about what you want to say already planned out can help you to feel more confident in a meeting. Try writing down a few ideas for questions you can ask or ideas you can bring up in the meeting2Be the first speaker. If you want to speak yet somehow talk your way out of it, try being the first to s

3、ay something. 3Make a point to jump in first and create discussion instead of delaying your comments.Speak confidently. 4Make your words meaningful. Even if you dont feel confident, show confidence in what youre saying and how youre saying it. Speak clearly and try to avoid fillers like “ uh” or “um

4、”.Make a brief point. Theres no need, to ramble on (啰嗦地说) to make sure that youre heard or that people understand you. 5 Make what you say memorable, not time-wasting. Take some time to form your thoughts and ideas, and then say it in a clear and effective way.AMake sure you turn to your teachers fo

5、r help.BFocus on speaking clearly and with fewer words.CPlan out a few talking points before the meeting.DSpeaking first means you have less time to doubt yourself.EUse these notes to guide you when you are ready to speak.FSurround yourself with people who make you feel good about yourself.GYou dont

6、 need to shout or talk over people to say something confidently.【答案】CEDGB【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些在会议上发言的技巧。1根据空后Having some ideas about what you want to say already planned out can help you to feel more confident in a meeting.可知，事先计划好自己想说什么可以帮助你在会议中更加自信。由此可知，空处谈论的是会议前提前准备好发言内容；结合选项可知，选项C. Plan out a few

7、talking points before the meeting. 会前计划好几个谈话要点，此处的talking points与下文some ideas表达意思一致。故选C。2根据空前Try writing down a few ideas for questions you can ask or ideas you can bring up in the meeting可知，试着写下一些你可以问的问题或你在会议上提出的想法；由此可知，谈论这么做的好处；结合选项可知，选项E .Use these notes to guide you when you are ready to speak.当

8、你准备发言时，用这些笔记来指导你，此处的these notes指代的前文的a few ideas。故选E。3根据空前If you want to speak yet somehow talk your way out of it, try being the first to say something.可知，如果你想说，但又想用某种方式说出来，试着第一个说。由此可知，空处谈论的是第一个发言的好处；结合选项可知，选项D .Speaking first means you have less time to doubt yourself. 先说话意味着你有更少的时间怀疑自己，此处Speaking

9、 first与being the first to say something.表达意思一致。故选D。4根据空前Speak confidently和Make your words meaningful.可知，空处谈论的是如何在发言时自信；结合选项可知，选项G. You dont need to shout or talk over people to say something confidently.你不需要大喊大叫或与人交谈来自信地说些什么，此处与前后句意表达意思一致。故选G。5根据空前Make a brief point. Theres no need, to ramble on (啰嗦

10、地说) to make sure that youre heard or that people understand you.可知，做一个简短的说明。没有必要喋喋不休地说下去，以确保别人能听到你说的话，或者别人能听懂你说的话。由此可知，空处作者建议发言时要言简意赅。结合选项可知，选项B. Focus on speaking clearly and with fewer words. 注意用更少的词表达清楚，与本段主旨句Make a brief point表示意思一致。故选B。二、七选五02English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where t

11、heres tea, theres hope.” Similarly, a Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin a day. ”6According to statistics, global tea production reached approximately 5.8 million tons in 2018. It has become the most consumed beverag

12、e(饮料) in the world-after water, of course. In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations General Assembly has named “May 21”as International Tea Day. 7 You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. 8. Making Malaysias pulled t

13、ea has become a sort of art form, where drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects. As an expression of Moroccan hospitality(好客)and tradition, mint tea-a mix of green tea, spearmint leaves and sugar-is served during gatherings. “Apart from its cultural significance, tea is also a medicine.” Te

14、a is cold and lowers the fire, Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist Li Shizhen once said. 9Preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer has all been linked to drinking green tea, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the US. The love for healthy tea products continues into a ne

15、w decade as its used in moisturizers, lip balms and other beauty products. 10 Its a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of life.AAvoid drinking too much though it is beneficial.BTea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world.CThe health benefits of tea are still

16、 being discovered today.DHot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is more than a drink.EIt has become a big part of many cultures around the world.FChina, the homeland of tea, is a leading producer and consumer.GMeanwhile, afternoon tea is an important part of the British culture.【答案】BEGCD【分析】这是一篇说明文。

17、英国剧作家皮内罗说过:“有茶就有希望。”同样，中国有句俗语“柴米油盐酱醋茶是开始一天生活的七件必需品”。文章主要说明了茶在世界各地文化中的重要作用，以及茶对健康的益处。6根据后文According to statistics, global tea production reached approximately 5.8 million tons in 2018.可知据统计，2018年全球茶叶产量约为580万吨。由此可知，茶每年产量巨大，说明茶受到全世界的欢迎。故B选项“毫无疑问，茶受到全世界的欢迎”符合上下文语境，故选B。7根据上文In order to celebrate the popu

18、lar drink, the United Nations General Assembly has named “May 21”as International Tea Day.可知为了庆祝这种流行的饮品，联合国大会将“5月21日”定为国际茶日。后文You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests.可知你可能知道，在中国，人们在接待重要客人时用上等茶来表示尊敬。由后文的例子可推知，茶已经成为一些国家的文化组成部分。故E选项“它已经成为

19、世界各地许多文化的重要组成部分”符合上下文语境，故选E。8根据上文You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests.可知你可能知道，在中国，人们在接待重要客人时用上等茶来表示尊敬。以及后文Making Malaysias pulled tea has become a sort of art form, where drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects.可知制作马来西亚拉茶已经

20、成为一种艺术形式，饮茶者以其娱乐方面而自豪。由此可知，此处是在列举世界各地文化中，茶的重要作用。故G选项“同时，下午茶也是英国文化的重要组成部分”符合上下文语境，故选G。9根据后文Preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer has all been linked to drinking green tea, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the US. The love for healthy tea products continues into

21、 a new decade as its used in moisturizers, lip balms and other beauty products.可知据美国国家生物技术信息中心称，预防心脏病、肥胖和癌症都与饮用绿茶有关。人们对健康茶产品的喜爱持续了一个新的十年，因为茶被用于润肤霜、润唇膏和其他美容产品。由此可知，到今天人们仍然在发现茶对健康的好处。故C选项“时至今日，人们仍在发现茶对健康的益处”符合上下文语境，故选C。10根据后文Its a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way o

22、f life.可知这是一种社会习俗，也是一种神奇的药物，一种与过去的联系，一种生活方式。由此可知，本段为总结段，再次突出茶的重要作用。茶不仅是一种饮料，更是一种社会习俗、一种神奇的药物、一种与过去的联系和一种生活方式。故D选项“热或冷，袋装或散装，茶不仅仅是一种饮料”符合上下文语境，故选D。三、七选五03One of the best things you can do for your community is volunteer, but its necessary to understand that it comes with the same type of responsibili

23、ty a paid job has. Since you promise to do something, you need to follow through.11Whether youre just starting out or youve been volunteering for years, think of what youre doing. Here are some things you need to do if you want to do your best:Volunteer with a good attitude. You are doing something

24、that you really want to do. So put a smile on your face and show you want to be there.12Follow the rules.13Do your best to follow them because theyve been made for a reason. Periodically go over your job description. If you dont have a written one, ask your volunteer coordinator whether or not you r

25、e meeting expectations.14If you see something that the volunteer coordinator needs to know about, let him know as soon as possible. Or if you have a better idea of getting the work done faster, share your thoughts with him. It will do good to the cause.Be flexible. You may be actively doing your giv

26、en job when you notice something else that needs to be done.15ACommunicate more.BGet along with others.CYou and everyone around you will be happier if you have a positive attitude.DNot all volunteers volunteer out of the kindness of their hearts.ESomeone may have given you a list of rules, either wr

27、itten or spoken.FTry to do whatever it is, unless its against the rules of your organization.GPeople are depending on you, and you should give your time responsibly.【答案】GCEAF【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何做好志愿者工作提出了一些建议。11根据上文“One of the best things you can do for your community is volunteer, but its necessary

28、to understand that it comes with the same type of responsibility a paid job has. Since you promise to do something, you need to follow through.(你能为你的社区做的最好的事情之一就是做志愿者，但是你必须明白这和有偿工作是一样的责任。既然你承诺要做某事，你就得坚持到底)”可知，上文提到做志愿者同样需要负责任，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明负责任的原因，G选项中responsibly对应上文中responsibility。故G选项“人们都在依赖你，你

29、应该负责任地花时间”符合语境，故选G。12根据上文“Volunteer with a good attitude. You are doing something that you really want to do. So put a smile on your face and show you want to be there.( 有良好的志愿态度。你在做你真正想做的事。所以，面带微笑，表现出你想在那里)”可知，本段主要是关于志愿者态度的说明，上文提到面带微笑表现出你想在那里，可推测是需要积极的态度，C选项中a positive attitude对应上文中a good attitude。

30、故C选项“如果你有积极的态度，你和你周围的人会更快乐”符合语境，故选C。13根据上文“Follow the rules.(遵守规则)”以及后文“Do your best to follow them because theyve been made for a reason. Periodically go over your job description. If you dont have a written one, ask your volunteer coordinator whether or not you re meeting expectations.(尽你所能去遵守它们，因

31、为它们的存在是有原因的。定期检查你的职位描述。如果你还没有书面文件，问问你的志愿者协调员你是否达到了他们的期望)”可知，本段的建议是遵守志愿者的规则，后文中them指代E选项中a list of rules。故E选项“有人可能已经给了你一份规则列表，不管是书面的还是口头的”符合语境，故选E。14根据后文“If you see something that the volunteer coordinator needs to know about, let him know as soon as possible. Or if you have a better idea of getting

32、the work done faster, share your thoughts with him. It will do good to the cause.(如果你看到志愿者协调员需要知道的事情，请尽快告诉他。或者如果你有一个更快完成工作的更好主意，和他分享你的想法。这对我们的事业有好处)”可知，后文提到要多和他人分享自己的想法，即多和他人沟通。故A选项“多交流”符合语境，故选A。15根据上文“Be flexible. You may be actively doing your given job when you notice something else that needs to

33、 be done.(学会灵活变通。当你注意到有其他事情需要做时，你可能正在积极地做你的工作)”可知，上文提到在做工作的过程中注意到有其他的事情需要做，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何应对这种情况。故F选项“尝试去做任何事情，除非它违反了你组织的规定”符合语境，故选F。四、七选五04Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How dis

34、appointing!16.Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the extra energy from food as fat. 17Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they seldom have weight problems.To prove this,

35、 scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seem

36、ed to be influenced by genetic factors. 18 These genes get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can aim at the genes and stop people from gaining weight.The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the number of p

37、eople who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems.19 .20 Thats because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and completely test new drugs. Therefore, despite th

38、is breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise.ACurrent medicines for weight control do not work very well.BThey found

39、that weight gaining had nothing to do with genes.CThese people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day.DThey also believe they have now found the genes that may cause this tendency.EAnd they never mind what they look like and continue to eat as they would like to.FThis means they are at

40、 risk of illnesses such as high blood pressure and heart disease.GHowever, scientists are beginning to believe some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.【答案】GCDFA【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家开始相信有些人保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母，指出有的人会将多余的能量转化为脂肪，而有些人的身体则能“燃烧”多余的脂肪，为了证明这一点，科学家做了实验，得出的结论是，体重增加似乎受到遗传因素的影响。

41、16根据上文“Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How disappointing!( 你有没有注意到，有些人可以想吃什么就吃什么，还能保持身材，而另一些人却很注意吃什么，结果体重还是增加了？真令人失望！)”以及第二段中“Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their

42、 bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they seldom have weight problems. (与此同时，有些人吃的比他们需要的多，但他们的身体能够“燃烧”多余的食物而不产生脂肪，所以他们很少有体重问题)”可知，后文提到一些人的身体能够“燃烧”多余的食物而不产生脂肪，所以他们很少有体重问题，即由基因决定的，故本句与上文构成转折，说明科学家也开始相信有些人保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母。故G选项“然而，科学家们开始相信有些人保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母”符合语境，故选G。17根据上文“S

43、cientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the extra energy from food as fat.(科学家们说，当一些人吃东西时，他们的身体会自然地将食物中多余的能量以脂肪的形式储存起来)”可知，本句应承接上文继续说明这些身体会自动将多余能量储存成脂肪的人的情况，C选项中These people指代上文some people。故C选项“如果这些人每天吃的比他们需要的多，他们的体重就会增加”符合语境，故选C。18根据上文“Scientists concluded that we

44、ight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic factors.(科学家得出的结论是，体重增加似乎受到遗传因素的影响)”以及后文“These genes get passed down the generations.(这些基因会代代相传)”可知，上文提到科学家得出结论体重增加似乎受到遗传因素的影响，后文则提到这些基因，可见体重增加与某种基因有关，后文These genes指代D选项中the genes that may cause this tendency。故D选项“他们也相信他们现在已经发现了可能导致这种倾向的基因”符合语境，故选D。19根据上文

45、“The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the number of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems.(随着超重人数的持续增长，对体重增加的研究变得越来越重要。在美国，超过70%的人口有体重问题)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明这些有体重问题的人的情况，故F选项“这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病

46、的风险”符合语境，故选F。20根据后文“Thats because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and completely test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently t

47、he best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise.(这是因为它们会有严重的副作用，比如心脏问题。然而，开发和全面测试新药需要很长时间。因此，尽管减肥药的研究取得了突破，但科学家和健康专家一致认为，目前控制体重增加的最好方法是健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式，并每天锻炼)”可知，后文提到了严重的副作用和新药，可推测本句主要说明是控制体重的药物，后文中they指代A选项中medicines for weight cont

48、rol。故A选项“目前控制体重的药物效果不太好”符合语境，故选A。五、七选五05If you want to disturb the car industry, youd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. 21By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in th

49、e ecosystems (生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 poun

50、ds of green vegetables per houra huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by handsuddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldnt touch the price per pound offered by California farms. 22The sus

51、tainable success of small farmers, though, wont happen without fundamental changes to the industry. 23Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning ones own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they cont

52、inue to rise in many regions.24With two-thirds of the nations farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nations food.25We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, an

53、d as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.AAnother challenge for farmers and managers is the greatest barrier to building

54、a farm of their own.BBut now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.CThere are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy.DBut in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players.

55、EBut competition between small and big farms is fierce.FOne crucial factor is secure access to land.GInvest more in technology, which is vital for agricultural development.【答案】DBFAC【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在农业竞争中，小农业主有“船小好调头”的优势，相比大农场主能更快的调整并适应市场和生态系统的变化，并在市场竞争中胜出。作者在呼吁政府、国会给予小农业主更多的经济政策的支持的同时，鼓励更多的年轻人从事农业这一行业。21根据前文If you want to disturb the car industry, youd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.可知，要想在汽车行业中有一番作为，必须要有强大的资本实力，家庭作坊式的小汽车生产商