大学英语3背诵段落原文翻译

1、unit 2vpara. 1 v运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。vpara. 4 缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例则高达80%。莱尔说，这意味着“太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量。” v育龄女性危险最大，因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。而且，由于女性常常为了

2、控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。unit 2v1. sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females, frequently have iron deficiencies. vnow a new study by a team of purdue university researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in t

3、he blood of women. v4a. viron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively. but the ratio is even greater among active women, affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes. this means, lyle says,

4、that “too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in”. v4b. vwomen of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. plus, many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form o

5、f iron. and because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency.unit 3vpara. 1 v海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。该校的创始人约瑟夫高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。海德中学位于缅因州巴思市，每年的学费高达1.8万美元，因

6、其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩。v“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，”马尔科姆高尔德说。他是约瑟夫的儿子，毕业于海德中学，现任海德中学校长。“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。” vpara. 12a v在解释自己的教育方法时，乔高尔德指出，对传统的教育体制不能只是改革。他说“无论怎样改革”，用马和马车“是改革不出汽车的”。 海德中学认为“每一个人都有自己的独特潜能”，这种潜能的基础是品格而不是智力或财富。良知和苦干受到推崇。 vpara. 12b v成功由不断进步来衡量，而不是由学习成绩来评定。学生必须相互负责。为了避免美

7、国中学使用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议，高尔德解释说，“全力以赴”这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。unit 3vpara 1 vthe hyde school operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. vhyde school founder

8、 joseph gauld claims success with the program at the $18,000-a-year high school in bath, maine, which has received considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters.v2. v“we dont see ourselves as a school for a type of kid,” says malcolm gauld, josephs son, who graduated from hyde and is

9、now headmaster. “we see ourselves as preparing kids for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.” vpara 12a vexplaining his approach to education, joe gauld says the conventional education system cannot be reformed. he notes “no amount of change” with

10、the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. the hyde school assumes “every human being has a unique potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. conscience and hard work are valued. vpara 12b vsuccess is measured by growth, not academic achievement. students are requir

11、ed to take responsibility for each other. to avoid the controversy of other character programs used in us schools, gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values.如何做好防震准备如何做好防震准备 para. 1a 从理论上说，人们希望知道地震什从

12、理论上说，人们希望知道地震什么时候发生，破坏程度会如何。在日本和中么时候发生，破坏程度会如何。在日本和中国，人们长期以来一直相信地震是可以预测国，人们长期以来一直相信地震是可以预测的。在日本，科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设的。在日本，科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线，以电线，以监测它们的运动监测它们的运动。而中国人的。而中国人的传统传统做法做法是观察动植物以获取地震的是观察动植物以获取地震的警示信号警示信号。 unit six para. 1b 例如，中国人注意到，地震之例如，中国人注意到，地震之前母鸡的行为会有所异常：它们夜晚不肯前母鸡的行为会有所异常：它们夜晚不肯进笼进笼。他们还注意到，蛇会。他

13、们还注意到，蛇会爬出地穴爬出地穴而而冻冻死死，狗会狂吠不已，甚至那些平常很安静，狗会狂吠不已，甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。日本的阪神地震发生的狗也会叫个不停。日本的阪神地震发生之前，有报告说之前，有报告说大批鱼群大批鱼群游到了水面。游到了水面。 para. 1c 有些鸟，如鸽子，也显得特别聒噪，有些鸟，如鸽子，也显得特别聒噪，据说地震前它们据说地震前它们飞行的方式飞行的方式也与往常不同。也与往常不同。也许最有趣、也最容易测量的，是地震前地也许最有趣、也最容易测量的，是地震前地下水发生的下水发生的化学变化化学变化。实验数据似乎表明，。实验数据似乎表明，地震前地下水中氡的含量会地震前地下水

14、中氡的含量会增高增高。 para. 7a 尽管科学家们仍无法预测地震，尽管科学家们仍无法预测地震，但对地壳中的大板块如何移动，板块间的压但对地壳中的大板块如何移动，板块间的压力如何，地震如何发生，某地区发生地震的力如何，地震如何发生，某地区发生地震的一般概率为多少，他们了解得越来越多。在一般概率为多少，他们了解得越来越多。在不久的将来，精确预测地震将成为可能。不久的将来，精确预测地震将成为可能。 para. 7b 然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难预防灾难，办法是建造，办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动能够抵抗地表运动的房屋

15、，同时的房屋，同时做好个人准备做好个人准备。在在挽救生命挽救生命和和防止家庭损失防止家庭损失方面，这些预防措方面，这些预防措施会施会发挥很大的作用发挥很大的作用。教育人们如何。教育人们如何在地震中在地震中求生求生，应该是所有，应该是所有政府规划政府规划和地震研究项目的和地震研究项目的重点所在。重点所在。para. 1a ideally, people would like to know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. in both japan and china, people have long

16、believed that earthquakes can be forecast. in japan, scientists have wired the earth and sea to detect movements. the chinese have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. para. 1b for example, the chinese have noted that before an earthquake, hens behavior changest

17、hey refuse to enter their cages at night. they have also noticed that snakes come out of the ground to freeze to death and that dogs bark a lot, even normally quiet dogs. before the hanshin earthquake in japan, there were reports of large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water. vpara

18、. 7a valthough scientists still cannot predict earthquakes, they are learning a great deal about how the large plates in the earths crust move, the stresses between plates, how earthquakes work, and the general probability that a given place will have an earthquake. someday soon it may actually beco

19、me possible to predict earthquakes with accuracy. vpara. 7b vhowever, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by bein

20、g personally prepared. these precautions can make a great difference in saving lives and preventing the loss of homes. education concerning how to survive an earthquake should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthquake-related research projects. unit 8unit 8克隆在法律与道德上的影响克隆在法律与道德上的

21、影响para.1 起初，这对人们起初，这对人们绝对绝对是个震惊。有消是个震惊。有消息称科学家已经息称科学家已经成功克隆了成功克隆了一只成年哺乳动物，一只成年哺乳动物，一项长期以来被认为是不可能的成就。这一传一项长期以来被认为是不可能的成就。这一传闻闻引发了每个人的想象引发了每个人的想象。克隆多莉（一只相貌。克隆多莉（一只相貌无奇的绵羊）的实验过程，从理论上说也同样无奇的绵羊）的实验过程，从理论上说也同样适用于克隆人类。一个克隆人的世界突然间适用于克隆人类。一个克隆人的世界突然间近近在咫尺在咫尺，科幻小说，科幻小说变成了现实变成了现实。para. 2 此消息宣布此消息宣布之后之后，为了一个未知世

22、，为了一个未知世界，一个界，一个充满各种不可思议的可能性充满各种不可思议的可能性的未的未来，各国政府立即来，各国政府立即起草指导方针起草指导方针。克林顿。克林顿总统命令一个全国委员会研究总统命令一个全国委员会研究克隆在法律克隆在法律和道德上的含义和道德上的含义。在欧洲，大多数国家都。在欧洲，大多数国家都已已禁止克隆人类禁止克隆人类，各国领导此时也开始研，各国领导此时也开始研究克隆其他物种的道德含义。究克隆其他物种的道德含义。para. 18 最让人担心的不是克隆本身，而是最让人担心的不是克隆本身，而是基因工基因工程程即即根据特定的要求根据特定的要求故意改变基因来创造人类。故意改变基因来创造人类

23、。具体地说，有些专家担心会出现一个新的（和不被具体地说，有些专家担心会出现一个新的（和不被尊重的）尊重的）社会阶层社会阶层，即，即“克隆阶层克隆阶层”。有位专家相。有位专家相信，这一情形信，这一情形类似于类似于1616世纪时的一种情况，世纪时的一种情况，当时的欧洲人对如何对美洲的当时的欧洲人对如何对美洲的陌生居民陌生居民进行归类进行归类感感到困惑到困惑，并，并无休止地争论无休止地争论他们究竟是不是人类。他们究竟是不是人类。 unit 8vpara. 1 vat first it was just plain surprising. word that scientists succeeded

24、in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossible caught the imagination of everyone. the laboratory process that produced dolly, an unremarkable-looking sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well. a world with human clones was suddenly within reach. it was science fiction com

25、ing to life.vpara. 2v in the wake of this announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. vpresident clinton ordered a national commission to study the legal and moral implications of cloning. leaders in europe, where most nations

26、 already prohibit human cloning, began examining the moral implications of cloning other species.vpara. 18a vthe gravest concern isnt really cloning itself, but genetic engineering the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements. specifically, some experts a

27、re concerned about the creation of a new (and disrespected) social class: “the clones”. vpara. 18b vone expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century, when europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar inhabitants of the americas, and endlessly debate

28、d whether or not they were humans.unit 9para. 3 婚前协议婚前协议 简称简称prenups 就是就是用来用来处理这些问题处理这些问题的。婚前协议由的。婚前协议由即将结婚的即将结婚的男女双方男女双方的律师共同协定，然后由双方在牧师的律师共同协定，然后由双方在牧师宣布他们结为夫妻宣布他们结为夫妻之前签署。之前签署。 自自2020世纪世纪8080年代初以来，婚前协议在美国被越年代初以来，婚前协议在美国被越来越多的人来越多的人接受接受，因为当时越来越多的州开始，因为当时越来越多的州开始通过关于通过关于离婚财产分配离婚财产分配的法律。这些法律要么的法律。这些

29、法律要么是基于是基于“共有财产共有财产”（平均分配），要么是基（平均分配），要么是基于于“合理分配合理分配”（法官认为怎样（法官认为怎样“公平公平”就怎就怎样分）。样分）。 para. 9 但是，即使双方签订了这样的协议，如果但是，即使双方签订了这样的协议，如果不遵循不遵循正确的指导方针正确的指导方针，还是不可能在法院实施它。，还是不可能在法院实施它。协议应当由律师起草，因为协议应当由律师起草，因为文字错误文字错误哪怕只是哪怕只是介词放错了位置介词放错了位置也可能是灾难性的。但婚姻法也可能是灾难性的。但婚姻法顾问警告说，永远不要选择你未来伴侣的律师来做顾问警告说，永远不要选择你未来伴侣的律师来做你的律师。你的律师。para. 14 para. 14 这些律师认为，婚前契约是一个这些律师认为，婚前契约是一个商业协商业协议，议，浪漫的爱情与此过程无关。他们的理由是：在浪漫的爱情与此过程无关。他们的理由是：在美国，美国，50%50%的婚姻的婚姻最终将被扔进垃圾堆最终将被扔进垃圾堆。unit 9vpara. 3a vprenuptial agreementsor “prenups”are designed to address these problems as they arise. prenups are negotiated by lawyers for the