高中英语语法--倒装

1、策划：学生双语报1Useful structure ( 30m )策划：学生双语报2一、概述：一、概述：英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后（后（the natural orderthe natural order） ，当语序颠倒时就，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构（成了倒装结构（ the inverted orderthe inverted order） 。把。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。分倒装。 策划：学生双

2、语报3二、全部倒装句二、全部倒装句(Full Inversion) 1. here, there, now, then, thus，out，away, up,down等副词置于句首等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。例如：装。例如： a. There goes the bell. b. Then came the chairman. c. Here is your letter. d. Away went the boy to the school! e. Off goes th

3、e woman!注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。Here he comes. Away they went.策划：学生双语报42. 以引导词以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除构，除 there be 外还有外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。例如：等。例如：a. There are three books on the deskb.There lived an old fisherman near t

4、he sea.c.There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.策划：学生双语报53. 介词短语做地点状语放在句首介词短语做地点状语放在句首 a.In the cottage lives a family of six. b.Near the bridge was an old cottage. c.In front of the house sat a little boy.策划：学生双语报6三、部分倒装句三、部分倒装句(Partial Inversion) 1. 疑问句疑问句 a.Have you seen the film?

5、 b.When are we going to drink to your happiness?注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。语序。 c. Who is your sister? d.What is our work?策划：学生双语报72. so/such.that的的so/such位于句首时，位于句首时，a. So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street. b.So small were the words that he could

6、hardly see them. c.Such a famous man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.策划：学生双语报83. so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时物时. So用于肯定句用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句用于否定句. a. Tom can speak French. So can Jack.b. If you dont go, neither will I. 注意：注意：1) 当当 so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯引出的句

7、子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此的确如此。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard. -So it is. 2)但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用 So it is /was with sb.或或It is/was the same with sb. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was

8、with Engels. 策划：学生双语报94. 否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见的有：in no way, not onlybut also, never, little, rarely, seldom, hardly. When, no soonerthan, scarcelywhen, in no case, not until(当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。)等. e.g.a. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. b.Hardly can I follow you.

9、 c.Seldom do I visit USA. d. Never have I seen such a performance .注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。e. I have never seen such a performance.f. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.策划：学生双语报105. 由由as或或though 引导的让步壮语从句。引导的让步壮语从句。表语十表语十as主语十系动词主语十系动词be.动词原形动词原形as主语十助动词主语十助动词.例如：例如：a. Young as he i

10、s, he knows some of the family. b. Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。eg. c. Child as he is, he knows good English. 策划：学生双语报11 6. Only 位于句首，强调句子的状语时。位于句首，强调句子的状语时。a. Only then did I fully understand what my father said.只有到那时，我才充分理解我父亲讲的话只有到那时，我才充分理解

11、我父亲讲的话.b. Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.只有当我离开学校时，我才意识到学习有多只有当我离开学校时，我才意识到学习有多么重要。么重要。注意注意:如果如果only强调的是句子主语时。不倒装。强调的是句子主语时。不倒装。 c. Only he can help us. 策划：学生双语报12a.Were I you, I would not do such a thing. = If I were you, I would not do such a thing.b.Would the machine

12、 break down again, send it back to us.= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.c.Had you worked harder, you would have passed.= If you had worked harder, you would have passed. 策划：学生双语报138. 有些表示有些表示“感叹、祝愿感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子，等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构也可使用倒装结构.a. Isnt it cold! 天气真冷！天气真冷！ b.May both b

13、e happy!祝你们两位幸福！祝你们两位幸福！ c. May God bless you. 愿上帝赐福于你。愿上帝赐福于你。d. Long live the king! 国王万岁！国王万岁！ 策划：学生双语报141. _ to rain tomorrow, they would put off the meeting.A. If it should B. If were it C. Should it D. were it 2. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang.A. No sooner had he, when B. He hardly ha

14、d, then C. Hardly had he, when D. He hardly had, then3. _ find out what had happened.A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did he wake up he D. Not until he woke up did he 4. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did

15、he care DCDDPractice choosing ( 10m )策划：学生双语报155. Early in the day _ the news _ the enemy were gone.A. come, that B. came, that C. comes, that D. came, what 6. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. A. was the teacher; did he care B. was the teacher; he cared C. the teacher was; did he care D

16、. the teacher was; did he care7. _, he knows a lot of English . A. Child as he is B. As he is a Child C. A child as he is D. Child though he was 8. _ the cat, she has to give it to the neighbor. A. As she likes much B. As she much likes C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes BBCA策划：学生双语报169. Be q

17、uick! _. A. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes 10. If you want to go there, _. A. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I11. In front of the farmhouse _. A. does a small boy sit B. did a small boy sit C. sit a small boy D. sat a small boy 12. S

18、carcely _ down when _ a knock at the door. A. had he sat; did he hear B. he had sat; did he hear C. he had sat; he heard D. had he sat; he heardAADD策划：学生双语报1713. Here _. A. does he come B. he comes C. comes he D. he come 14. Only _ that. A. can a doctor do B. a doctor can do C. can do a doctor D. ca

19、n a doctor does15. Not even once _ a lie. A. has Mike told B. Mike has told C. had Mike told D. Mike had told16. Up _ into the air. A. went the arrow B. the arrow went C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow goBBAA策划：学生双语报1817. Not for a moment _ what he said. A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would

20、 believe D. I believe18. In _ and the students stood up. A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 19. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did heBCC策划：学生双语报191. - I would never come to this

21、 restaurant again. The food is terrible! - _ . ( 2004全国全国 ) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I答案答案B B。第一个句子使用了。第一个句子使用了would, would, 用用neitherneither表示附和的意义时，助动词应与上文一致。表示附和的意义时，助动词应与上文一致。高考链接策划：学生双语报202. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importanc

22、e of studies.( 2004重庆重庆 )A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I realize解析：答案为解析：答案为D. 句首为句首为“only + 副词副词”时，时，句子要用部分倒装语序；根据语境应为一句子要用部分倒装语序；根据语境应为一般过去时态。般过去时态。策划：学生双语报213. - Will you go skating with me this winter vacation? - It _ . ( 2002上海上海)A. all depended B. all dependsC. is all

23、 depended D. is all depending解析：答案解析：答案B。It all depends 是是“不确定不确定”、“看情况看情况”的意思。的意思。策划：学生双语报22Assignment 1. Summarize the rules of inversion in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 29.策划：学生双语报23策划：学生双语报24Unit 4 Making the news Period 4: 幻灯片57-68页策划：学生双语报25W

24、arming up ( 2m )Students answer the following questions:1. Do you want to get some information everyday? How can you get the information?2. Can you guess how complex it is to make news?There are so many ways to get information, but reading newspapers is one of the oldest. This class well learn a pas

25、sage about how to make news. Lets come to the passage.策划：学生双语报26Reading - I Scanning ( 2m )Read the text and try to get the main idea of it.( Students can discuss in pairs. )Main idea: the passage tells us the process of writing and printing for a newspaper article. 策划：学生双语报27Reading - II Filling th

26、e chart ( 10m )Read the passage and finish the chart for the writing and printing process for an article. 2. You do some research to see if the story is true or not.1.4.3. You go to an interview to get the information for your story You begin to write the story using the notes from the interview. Yo

27、u give the article to the sub-editor to check. 策划：学生双语报28 . All the stories and photos are set and the colour negatives for the printing are made ready. The article is given to a native speaker to check the use of English and improve the style. The first edition of the newspaper is printed. T

28、he last stage the article is checked /approved by the chief editor. 策划：学生双语报29Reading - III thinking ( 8m )Read the passage again and think about the following questions: What did you think about making news and being a reporter before you read this passage? How about now? Do you think its a easy jo

29、b to be a reporter?Students give their own answers.策划：学生双语报30Reading task on Page 65 I true or false ( 8m )Read the passage “Searching for the truth” on Page 65, and make sure the following statements are true or false :1. When we read about Jia Sixie in our textbook we are reading a primary source.

30、2. As we watch the news on TV, the person presenting the programme in the studio is the secondary source.FT策划：学生双语报313. Photographers sometimes are both primary and secondary sources.4. Knowing the difference of primary and secondary sources can help us decide what is a fact and what is an opinion.5

31、. Often facts and opinions are mixed in any report.TFT策划：学生双语报32Reading task on Page 65 II main idea ( 5m )Read the passage again and try to find out the main idea of it. ( Students can discuss in groups. )Main idea: The passage tells us what a primary source and a secondary source are and the diffe

32、rence between them.策划：学生双语报33Reading task on Page 65 III exercises ( 4m )Students finish Ex. 2 3 on Page 65 66 and check the answers.策划：学生双语报34Assignment 1. Surf the internet to find more information about making news. 2. Try to retell the passage on Page 30. 3. Prepare for the next class.策划：学生双语报35

33、策划：学生双语报36Unit 4 Making the news Period 5: 幻灯片69-78页策划：学生双语报37Ask the students to answer the following question:If you were a reporter of China Daily and you had a task to interview a famous person, who would you like to interview? Why?Warming up ( 2m )策划：学生双语报38Listening I ( 4m )Ex. 1 on Page 31. L

34、isten to the passage for the first time, then circle the correct summary of it.Key: summary B策划：学生双语报39Listening II ( 12m )Ex. 2 on Page 32.1) Listen to the tape for the second time and try to find the answers for Ex.2 on Page 32.2) Listen to the tape for the third time and check the answers.策划：学生双语

35、报40Answer keys for the Ex.2 on page 32.1. He wants to interview him about his decision to go aboard and work.2. His fans are worried that they will not see him in the flesh.3. Liu Ming will talk to Zhou Yang on Wednesday at 12 oclock.4. Liu Mings intention is to learn more about tennis and return to

36、 China. 策划：学生双语报41Listening III ( 10m )Listening Task on Page 62.1) Listen to tape for the first time and finish Ex. 1 on Page 62, then check the answers.DayTimePlaceThursday6 amBBC TV station策划：学生双语报422) Listen to tape for two more times and finish Ex. 2 on Page 62, then check the answers.1. He had

37、 to go to the BBC radio station because the sound effects are better there.2. He was anxious because he wondered if he had got the right day or the right time.3. The windows are described as dark. They are like large, tired day.4. Greg knew the house was empty because the bell echoed through empty r

38、ooms.5. He felt very relieved when the man appeared next to him.策划：学生双语报43Speaking ( 12m )Make a appointment: Read the instructions of Ex.3 on Page 32, then make a appointment in pairs and role-play the situation.策划：学生双语报44Assignment 1. Finish the listening task on English Weekly. 2. Make a conclusi

39、on of the listening and speaking skills learned in this class.策划：学生双语报45策划：学生双语报46Unit 4 Making the news Period 6: 幻灯片79-85页策划：学生双语报47Warming up ( 2m )1. From the passage on Page 3031 we know the steps to make news, now would you like to have a try?2. If you have a chance to be the reporter of our s

40、chool newspaper, will you take it? Why?策划：学生双语报48Writing I making an interview ( 10m )Suppose you are the reporter of our school newspaper, and you want to write a newspaper article about an excellent student.Now make an interview in pairs, one is the reporter, another one is the excellent student,

41、then change the roles. ( When you interview your partner you should write down the information you get. ) 策划：学生双语报49Writing II ( 15m )After the interview, the students write an article about the excellent student.( There are at least 100 words. )策划：学生双语报50Writing III ( 12m )Checking the articles.1.

42、Ask the students to check the articles for their partners.2. Show some articles on the screen, other students should give some advice.策划：学生双语报51Assignment1. Try to correct the composition .2. Finish the exercises of unit 4 on English Weekly.策划：学生双语报52策划：学生双语报53Language points for Reading IVideo data

43、幻灯片86-96页策划：学生双语报541.Words and expressions: 1)occupation n a job or employment 职业职业 taking possession 占有占有occupation, job, work, profession 和和 trade辨析辨析四个词都有四个词都有“工作工作”之意。之意。occupation 较为正式，经常用在填写表格上。较为正式，经常用在填写表格上。job是可数名词，可指一个单独任务，也可指工作职位是可数名词，可指一个单独任务，也可指工作职位work是不可数名词，泛指一切工作。是不可数名词，泛指一切工作。profes

44、sion一般指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水一般指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水 平的某一行业、职业，如医生或律师。平的某一行业、职业，如医生或律师。策划：学生双语报55Practice:选词填空选词填空（ occupation, job, profession, work )a. Please state your name,age and_ below.b. I have a few _ to do in the house this morning.c. Looking after children all day is hard_d. My husband is at the ve

45、ry to of medical_ . occupationjobsworkprofession策划：学生双语报562) concentrate vt. to give all ones attention to sth and not to think about anything else.集中集中 to come or bring together at one place 聚集聚集 concentrate on (doing) sth 专注于（做）某事专注于（做）某事 concentrate the /ones mind 集中注意力；集中注意力； 聚精会神聚精会神 concentrat

46、e ones effort/attention on sth 集集中力量中力量/注意力于某事注意力于某事 concentration n. 专心；聚集专心；聚集 策划：学生双语报57Practice:完成句子：完成句子：a. Stop talking and _ . ( 专心工作专心工作 )b. Nothing _ ( 集中注意力集中注意力 ) better than the knowledge that you could die tomorrow.c. I decided to _ ( 全力全力以赴以赴 ) finding somewhere to live. concentrate on

47、 your workconcentrates the mindconcentrate all my efforts on策划：学生双语报583) meanwhile, during, while 词义辨析词义辨析meanwhile意为意为“同时同时”,与与at the same time意思相同。意为意思相同。意为“期间期间”时，是副词，在时，是副词，在句中单独做状语。句中单独做状语。during 意为意为“在、期间在、期间”，是介词，后，是介词，后接名词、代词。接名词、代词。while 意为意为“在、期间在、期间”，是连词，引导，是连词，引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句。策划：学生双语报594

48、) accuse, charge, blame 词义辨析词义辨析 accuse （指控（指控 ）sb. of ( doing ) sth. charge ( 指控指控 ）sb. with ( doing ) sth. accuse ( 指责指责 ）sb. of (doing ) sth. blame （ 责备责备 ）sb. for ( doing ) sth.策划：学生双语报602. Difficulties1)Can I go out on a story immediately? 我可以马上出去采访吗？我可以马上出去采访吗？on 后接一些名词如后接一些名词如visit, holiday,

49、business, trip等，常等，常与与come, go等动词连用，用来说明活动或状态。等动词连用，用来说明活动或状态。Practice:她决定今年暑假去一趟英国。她决定今年暑假去一趟英国。She decided to go _ to England this summer.他去了长途旅行。他去了长途旅行。He has been away _ .on a visiton a long trip策划：学生双语报612) Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.只有等你见习了只

50、有等你见习了他们的工作之后，你才能独自去进行新闻采访。他们的工作之后，你才能独自去进行新闻采访。cover 和和 interview 的辨析：的辨析：cover 意为意为“采访采访”、“报道报道”，宾语往往为，宾语往往为事。事。interview 意为意为“采访采访”，宾语往往，宾语往往为人。为人。选词填空：选词填空：( cover, interview )a) I want to _ him about his research work.b) The best reporters were sent to _ the erviewcover策划：学生双语报623) NO ne

51、ed for a camera! 不需要带相机！不需要带相机！no need是句型是句型There is no need 的省略形的省略形式，式，need 后面可以接后面可以接for/of ( doing ) sth 或或( for sb ) to do作后置定语。作后置定语。介词填空：介词填空：a) There is no need _ that sort of thing.b) There is no need _ hurrying; we still have time.c) There is no need _ you to worry about the matter.foroffo

52、r策划：学生双语报63 1.乔治在理工科方面是个很有天赋的学生。（gifted）2. 大学校长批准了他在系里的任命。（approve; appointment; department）3. 他的家人对他的职业选择感到特别高兴。（delighted; profession）策划：学生双语报644. 教亚历克斯滑雪是是一件痛苦的事。（painful; process）5. 编审特别提到，这篇文章需要进一步润色。（senior editor; polish）6.电台和电视台的记者的新闻报道必需必需简明扼要。（journalist; concise）策划：学生双语报657. 有些优秀的战地记者为了让人

53、们知道真实的情况而牺牲牺牲了生命。（admirable; wartime journalist; informof）headmaster, schoolmaster; president, chancellor 的区别headmaster和principal是同义词，都表示，“中小学校长”；president和chancellor是同义词，都 表示大专院校“校长”。这两组词是同类词汇，都表示“校长”，但具体级别不同，所以两组词不是同义 词。策划：学生双语报668. 今天分派给我的任务是对房间进行一次大扫除大扫除。（my assignment; a thorough clean/cleaning

54、）9. 你知道在哪里能买到一本最新版本在哪里能买到一本最新版本的汉语词典吗的汉语词典吗？（updated edition）策划：学生双语报671George was a gifted student in science and technology.2 The chancellor / president of the university approved his appointment to the department.3.His family were delighted with his choice of profession.4.Teaching Alex how to ski

55、 is a painful process.5. The senior editor emphasized that this article needed further polishing.6.The news reports of journalists of radio and TV stations need to be concise.策划：学生双语报687.Some of the admirable wartime journalists lost their lives in order to inform people of the true situation.8. My assignment today was to give a thorough clean/ cleaning to the flat.9. Do you know where to buy a