高中语法虚拟语气

1、Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气时态时态Tense 语态语态Voice 语气语气Mood：陈述：陈述,疑问疑问,感叹感叹,虚拟虚拟虚拟语气 定义： 用来表示说的话是与事实相反与事实相反的（知道事实），或是说话人愿望，建议，愿望，建议，假设假设的语气叫虚拟语气。 She has made great progress, so she _ (study) really hard. -I heard that She failed the test. -Yeah, she _ (study) really hard. must have studiedshould have studied

2、1. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用【非真实】If 从句从句的谓语的谓语形式形式主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式对现在对现在虚拟虚拟 did / wereWould / should / could/ might + do对过去对过去虚拟虚拟 had done Would / should / could / might + have done 对将来对将来虚拟虚拟 did/ were were to do should doWould / should / could / might + doSteve Jobs If I saw him in person, I would ask him a

3、 question. If he hadnt died, he would have launched more apple products. If I were to go to USA, I would visit the headquarter of Apple. 注意1：错综时间虚拟条件句 If +对过去的虚拟，主句：对现在的虚拟对过去的虚拟，主句：对现在的虚拟 If +对现在的虚拟，主句：对过去的虚拟对现在的虚拟，主句：对过去的虚拟 If you had studied hard enough before, you would be a college student now.

4、If you had taken my advice then, you wouldnt be in trouble now. If I were you, I wouldnt have done that. 注意注意2：虚拟条件句的省略和提前：虚拟条件句的省略和提前省略省略 if，把，把were ,had, should 提到句提到句首首l If I were a bird, I would be so free. l Were I a a bird, I would be so free.l If you had come earlier, you would have met him.l

5、 Had you come earlier, you would have met him.l If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.l Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. If you had prepared well enough, you would have surely grasped the chance. If I were you, I would give it up. If I should be given another chance,

6、 I would say something to her.Without Internet, peoples life would be different.Without your help, I would have failed.But for your help, I wouldnt have made such great progress.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.I was ill that day. 0therwise, I _ (take ) part in the sports

7、meet.2. 含蓄条件句Without, but for, otherwisewould have taken3. I wish+宾从1.I wish I were a bird.2.I wish I hadnt talked back.3.I wish I could see him one day.Wish +宾从宾从宾从的结构宾从的结构对过去的虚拟Had done 对现在的虚拟Did/were 对将来的虚拟Would/ could do I wish I could sit next to Yao one day. I wish I were as tall as Yao. I wis

8、h Yao hadnt retired from his basketball career.4. If only 要是就好了要是就好了=I wish If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice. If only I could see him again.If only +宾从宾从宾从的结构宾从的结构对过去的虚拟Had done 对现在的虚拟Did/were 对将来的虚拟Would/ could do 5. I would rather (that)+宾从 “我宁愿” I would rather you hate

9、d me now. I would rather you were not my long-lost brother. I would rather you had done it according to what I said. Frankly speaking, I would rather you came tomorrow.I would rather do than do. I would rather play tennis than watch the movie.Would rather +宾从的结构宾从的结构对过去的虚拟对过去的虚拟 Had done 对现在的虚拟对现在的虚

10、拟 Did/were 对将来的虚拟对将来的虚拟 Did 6. As if/though, even if/though +clause She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks Japanese as if he were a native speaker. I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. They talked as if they had been friends for years.uEven if I had been bus

11、y then, I would have helped you.uEven if he were here, he wouldnt solve the problem.As if/though/even if/ though+从句从句状语从句的结构状语从句的结构对过去的虚拟Had done 对现在的虚拟Did/were 使用虚拟与不使用虚拟的区别使用虚拟与不使用虚拟的区别 He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA. 陈述语气陈述语气 He speaks English as if/ though he were from the US

12、A. 虚拟语气虚拟语气7. Its (about/high) time that sb should do sth. Its (about/high) time that sb did sth. Its high time that you went. Its about time that you should go. Its time that we went to bed.8. 表要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气(should) + do 一个坚持 insist 两个命令order, command 三个建议 advise, suggest, propose 四个要求 demand, requ

13、ire, request, desire 凡出现的名词性从句-主从、宾从、表从、主从、宾从、表从、同位语从句，都要虚拟同位语从句，都要虚拟以suggest为例 We suggest that you (should) be there on time. = Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time = This is our suggestion that you (should) be there on time. = It is suggested that you (should) be there on time. My

14、demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical works should be closed down. He suggested that we (should) go to Maldives for our summer holiday. The proposal that we (should) go out for a picnic was warmly welcomed.Exercise 注意suggest表示“暗示、表明” i

15、nsist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1.He insisted that he _ (do) anything wrong. 2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.hadnt done wasbe senthavewas1.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。2.

16、他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should ) have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should ) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.9. It is +adj. that + clause. It is (important/necessary/significant/crucial/vital/strange/natural) that .should dolIts necessary that we should have a walk after supper. lIts natural that she should do so. lIts important that we should take good care of our parents. 10. 情态动词表虚拟 Should have done=ought to hav