人教版英语必修第二册：4.3《Discovering Useful Structure》学案

1、Unit 4 History and TraditionsPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure导学案1. Learn the structure of the present continuous passive voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the present continuous tense into the sentences with the present continuous passive voice. 3. Learn to write se

2、ntences with the present continuous tense flexibly according to the context.1. Learn the structure of the present continuous passive voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the present continuous tense into the sentences with the present continuous passive voice. 3. Learn to w

3、rite sentences with the present continuous tense flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and answer the question:What is the relationship between the past participle and the nouns ?1. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.2. They

4、 use the same flag, known as the Union Jack,.3. They had castles built all around England, .位置区别：例1中，shortened在名词_，例2中，known as 在名词_。 所以，我们可以得出结论：_。句子成分：例1和例2，分词和分词短语都用来修饰_，做定语；例3 名词castles 是作had的宾语，所以built是对名词castles进行补充说明，做_（简称宾补）。Step 2 Practice1. 分析过去分词在句子中的成分1) The new product finally passed th

5、e required test.2) It is a house built by the Romans.3) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.4)Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.2. 改写过去分词1). tired visitors- visitors_ of the long wait2). a well-organised trip-a trip_ well by my workplace3) beautifully dressed star- stars _ beautifully

6、at the event Step 3. More as the attribute过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动作已经完成。I dont like the book written by Martin(=which was written by Martin). 我不喜欢马丁写的这部书。 Our class went on a trip organized by our school(=which was organized by our school) last Monday. 上周一

7、我们班参加了一次学校组织的旅行。2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。The fallen leaves of the wood cover the ground when in fall. 秋天时, 小树林的落叶覆盖着地面。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。The bridge, built last year(=_), is in use now. 这座桥

8、, 去年建成, 现在已通行。 Paper cuts, used for religious purposes(=w_), can be bought in the store. 用于宗教目的的剪纸可以在这家商店里买到。现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别1. 语态上不同: 现在分词表示主动意义, 过去分词多表示被动意义。The running water (=The water which runs)in the river is very clear. 河里的流水很清澈。Nine out of ten women interviewed (=_)about the product said the

9、y liked it. 就这个产品被采访的十位妇女中有九位说她们喜欢这个产品。2. 时间关系上不同: 现在分词表示正在进行的动作, 而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。We are all living in a changing world(=_). 我们都生活在正在发生变化的世界里。 The changed world (=_) surprised him. 已经变化了的世界令他吃惊。Step 4. More as the object complement 1. 用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉

10、或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。Many passers-by saw a tree beside the street knocked down by a car yesterday. 昨天很多路人看见路边的一棵树被一辆小汽车撞倒了。When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses. 当他在医院醒来时, 他发现自己被医生和护士包围着。总结起来，其结构为：_2. 用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。He spoke English

11、 slowly, and tried to make himself understood while traveling abroad. 在国外旅行期间, 他说英语的语速很慢, 尽力让人们理解自己的意思。When he was working, he liked keeping the door of his room closed. 当他工作时, 他喜欢关着房间的门。He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。He narrowly had his legs broken while he was riding a

12、horse the other day. 几天前当他骑马时, 他的腿差点摔断。总结起来，其结构为：_ Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _（把车停下来(park)）in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could _(让我们的车充电（charge).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it _ that there were no audio guides

13、_(留下，剩下）.3. We_（发现自己对.很惊讶）the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy _(眼神专注于） Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She _(把这幅画的复制品装箱（box)） to ensure that it was delivered safely.2、 用

14、过去分词对下列句子进行改写。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The familys ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First Wo

15、rld War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案：Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and answer the question:What is the relationship between the past participle and the noun

16、s ?1. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack,.3. They had castles built all around England, .位置区别：例1中，shortened在名词前，例2中，known as 在名词后面。 所以，我们可以得出结论：单个分词作名词的定语时，其位置在名词前；分词短语则放在名词后面。句子成分：例1和例2，分词和分词短语都用来修饰名词，做定语；例3 名

17、词castles 是作had的宾语，所以built是对名词castles进行补充说明，做宾语补足语（简称宾补）Step 2 Practice1. 分析过去分词在句子中的成分1）The new product finally passed the required test.2）It is a house built by the Romans.3）He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.4）Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.答案：1）. 作前置定语 2）. 作后置定语3）. 作宾补4）. 作宾补2.

18、改写过去分词1). tired visitors- visitors_ of the long wait2). a well-organised trip-a trip_ well by my workplace3)beautifully dressed star- stars _ beautifully at the event 答案：1). tired2). organised3). dressedStep 3. More as the attribute过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义4. 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动

19、作已经完成。I dont like the book written by Martin(=which was written by Martin). 我不喜欢马丁写的这部书。 Our class went on a trip organized by our school(=which was organized by our school) last Monday. 上周一我们班参加了一次学校组织的旅行。5. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。The fallen leaves of the wood cover the ground when in fall. 秋天时,

20、 小树林的落叶覆盖着地面。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。6. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。The bridge, built last year(=which was built last year), is in use now. 这座桥, 去年建成, 现在已通行。 Paper cuts, used for religious purposes(=which are used for religious p

21、urposes), can be bought in the store. 用于宗教目的的剪纸可以在这家商店里买到。现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别3. 语态上不同: 现在分词表示主动意义, 过去分词多表示被动意义。The running water (=The water which runs)in the river is very clear. 河里的流水很清澈。Nine out of ten women interviewed (=who were interviewed)about the product said they liked it. 就这个产品被采访的十位妇女中有九位说她们

22、喜欢这个产品。4. 时间关系上不同: 现在分词表示正在进行的动作, 而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。We are all living in a changing world(=a world which/that is changing). 我们都生活在正在发生变化的世界里。 The changed world (=The world which had changed) surprised him. 已经变化了的世界令他吃惊。Step 4. More as the object complement 1. 用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, obs

23、erve, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。Many passers-by saw a tree beside the street knocked down by a car yesterday. 昨天很多路人看见路边的一棵树被一辆小汽车撞倒了。When he woke up in the hospital, he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses. 当他在医院醒来时, 他发现自己被医生和护士包围着。总结起来，其结构为：feel/find/hear/notice/see/smell/observe/

24、watch/think +宾语+done2. 用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。He spoke English slowly, and tried to make himself understood while traveling abroad. 在国外旅行期间, 他说英语的语速很慢, 尽力让人们理解自己的意思。When he was working, he liked keeping the door of his room closed. 当他工作时, 他喜欢关着房间的门。He wants to have/get his eyes e

25、xamined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。He narrowly had his legs broken while he was riding a horse the other day. 几天前当他骑马时, 他的腿差点摔断。总结起来，其结构为：get/have/make/keep/leave +宾语+done Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _（把车停下来(park)）in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could _(让我们的车充电（charge).

26、2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it _ that there were no audio guides_(留下，剩下）.3. We_（发现自己对.很惊讶）the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy _(眼神专注于） Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She _(把这幅画的复制品装箱（box)） to ensure that it was delivered safely. 答案：1.had our car parked get our car battery charged2. announcedleft3. found ourselves very surprised4. had her eyes fixed on5. had a co