美国历史文化期末复习

1、Review Exercises (2013 spring )Understanding the United StatesChapter 1 A General Survey I. Gap-fillingChristopher Columbus discovered America in 1)_1492_TheUnitedStates covers the central part of 2） _america_. The United States today is the 3） _4th _ largest country in size in the world with a tota

2、l area of about 4）_9.3 million_ square kilometers. 5）_Washington D.C_ is the capital and economic center of the United States.6）_New York_is the largest and the most populous city of the United States.7）_Oak_ is the national tree of the US ; 8）_Rose_ is the national flower .The United States is a 9）

3、_federal_ republic consisting of 10）_50_states. In the year 11）_1776_, the United States declared its independence from 12）_Britain _.Spanish speaking Americans are called 13） _ Hispanics_. 14）_Hawaiian_ is an official language in the state of Hawaii.15）_TheWhite House_ is the residence of the Presi

4、dent of the United States, and the Capitol Hill is home to the16）_Congress_.About 17）_1/3_ of the Americas territory is covered with forests. 18）_TheMississippi river_ is known as the Father of Waters in the U.S19）_Spanish_ is the second most common language in the country, and is spoken by over 12%

5、 of the population. Three branches of American government were established by the 20）_ Constitution. _. II. Answer the Following Questions21. What is the name of the national anthem of the United States? TheStar-Spangled Banner22.Why did Americans choose bald eagle as their national bird? The bald e

6、agle was chosen in 1782 as the emblem of the US, because of its long life, great strength and majestic looks, and also because it was then believed to exist only on this continent.Chapter 2 Geography and HistoryAGeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for tru

7、e and “F” for false in the space provided. _1. TheUnitedStates is the worlds second most populous country.F_2. Hawaii is an island state of the United States.T. Multiple Choices3. Which is the tallest mountain in the United States?A. Mount Whitney.B. Mount McKinley.C. Rocky Mountains.D. The Sawatch

8、Mountains.4. Which city is the most populous city in the United States?A.Washington D.C.B. Los Angeles.C. New York City.D. Philadelphia.III. Short Answer Questions5. Into which large body of water does the Mississippi River flow? It flows into the Gulf of Mexico.6. Does the Mississippi River flow: n

9、orth to south, south to north, east to west, or west to east?North to south7. Which river forms a long border between the United States and Mexico?The Rio Grande River. 8. Which river forms part of the boundary between Canada and the United States?The St. Laurence9. What are the names of the five Gr

10、eat Lakes?Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.10. Which one of the five lake s is entirely in the United States? Lake Michigan.BHistory Section 1 The First InhabitantI. Gap Filling Directions: Fill in the blanks with the information you have learnt 1. EarlyAmericanhi

11、story began in the collision and cultural interaction of three peoples in North America. They are 1)_European_, 2)_West African_and 3)_Native American_ peoples 2. The earliest Americans came from 4)_Asia_and entered the New World during the last 5) _Ice_ Age. 3.6) _ , including the land bridge conne

12、cting Siberia and Alaska that stretched for several hundred miles into the continents on either side. 4.The social status for Northwest Indians depended on 7)_property_. 5. Californian Indians were good at 8)_.6. Plains Indians movable cone-shaped dwellings, made of buffalo hide fastened around very

13、 long wooden poles are called 9)_.7. 10)_was the most important natural resource which provided the Plains Indians with all of their basic needs: food, clothing, and shelter. 8. 11)_ was Native American confederacy inhabiting New York State. It was the most sophisticated and powerful political organ

14、izations of the time. 9. The arrival of Europeans in the New World led to a clash of cultures that resulted in tragedy for the Indians. Finally, most of the remaining Indians were moved onto 12)_reservations_.10. The Three Sisters refer to 13)_, 14)_ and 15)_. 11-TribeNameLiving RegionsLife Styles 1

15、6） the pacific northwestern indians They lived near the forests along the coastline from 17）_south alaska_ to northern California.18_fishes_was the major source of food. This group of Indians had time to develop 19_akastrics_ skills and other activities not related to obtaining food. The California-

16、Great Basin Indians They were settled between the 20_Rocky mountains_ and the 21_california coast_.They were very good at 22_hunting_.23_was their most important source of food. Their shelters were quickly built of branches, grass and sagebrush.24_the plains indians_Their initial living area was a p

17、eaceful expanse of grasslands that stretched east and southeast all the way from the 25_ to the Mississippi River.26_buffalo_ was the most important natural resource which provided them with all of their basic needs. Their culture is known for its use of headdresses and war bonnets. 27_the southwest

18、ern indians_They lived in a hot, 28_dry_region, partly 29_desert_and partly canyons and cliffs. The three major crops they grew were called the 30_three sisters_.They were 31_corn_, squash, and beans. 32_the eastern woodland indians_They were forest dwellers living in a wide area in 33_ of the Unite

19、d States that extended eastward from the Mississippi River, through the 34_Region, to the 35_ Ocean.They were not nomadic and relied on 36_ to provide food, but 37_ and fishing was also important for their survival. 38_ was probably the most important animal. They use 39_ and 40 _ as the basic raw m

20、aterials in their lives. Chapter 2 Colonial PeriodI. Understanding 1. _The American first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on the last Thursday in November of 1620. F 16212. _The middle colonies had more diverse lifestyles than New England or the Southern colonies because they had a greater variety o

21、f cultural groups. T3.New York used to be known as _?A. New HampshireB. New JerseyC. New NetherlandsD. New England4. Who was America named after?A. Giovanni AmericusB. Amerigo VespucciC. Bob AmericaD. Giorgio Americo 5. The Duke of York took over New Amsterdam from the _? A. French B. Native America

22、ns C. Swedish D. Dutch 6. What was Sir Walter Raleighs short-lived English colony in the New World? A. Roanoke B. JamestownC. Raleigh D. Plymouth 7. What was the first permanent English settlement in the New World? A. Jamestown B. PlymouthC. RoanokeD. Philadelphia8. Who founded the colony of Pennsyl

23、vania? and what religious group did he belong to? A. Charles Penn, Quake B. William Penn, Puritan C. William Penn, Quaker D. Charles Penn, Puritan9. Cash crop of the Southern Colonies included rice, indigo and _. Tobacco10.What were the three types of colonies founded by the English? How did they di

24、ffer?Key 10.They were Charter Colonies, Proprietary Colonies and Royal Colonies.A. Charter Colony was established by an individual trading company which had a Royal Charter with the British crown. Charter colonies had more control over their own affairs than did the other types of colonies, which we

25、re ruled more directly by the British. B. Proprietary Colony was the predominating form to colonization during the period 166090. The British crown awarded huge tracts of land in the New World to a person or a group called proprietor. The land was titled in the proprietors name, not the kings. C. Ro

26、yal Colony was the standard form of colonial government by the 18th century. It is under direct control of the king of the sovereign nation. The Crown controlled all unsold public lands, and the royal governor retained the power to disperse those lands. Chapter 3 Struggle for IndependenceI. Multiple

27、 Choices1.When did the colonies declare independence? A. July 4, 1776B. June 30, 1776 C. July 2, 1776D. June 4, 1776 2. _ finished most of the writing of the Declaration of Independence. A. Benjamin Franklin B. John Adams C. Thomas Jefferson 4. James Madison3. American victory at _ was a turning poi

28、nt of American Independent War because it brought France into the war on the American side. A. ConcordB. YorktownC. SaratogaD. Trenton4. In March 1765, the _was passed by the English Parliament imposing the first direct tax on the American colonies, to offset the high costs of the British military o

29、rganization in America. Thus for the first time in the 150 year old history of the British colonies in America, the Americans will pay tax not to their own local legislatures in America, but directly to England.A.Sugar ActB.Stamp Act C. Tea Act D. Declaratory Act5.The primary purpose of the Sugar, S

30、tamp, and Tea Acts was to help Parliaments to_. A. control smuggling in the West Indies by the colonistsB. hinder colonial self-government in Massachusetts and VirginiaC. pay for the French and Indian War debts as well as British troops sent to protect the colonists D. work with the colonial legisla

31、tures in governing the thirteen American colonies6. Most colonists felt that British tax laws were unfair because A. the Indians did not have to pay taxes B. the colonists were paying higher taxes than people in Great Britain C. the colonists had not representation of their own in Parliament D.The F

32、rench and Indian war was over7. Examples of American protest against British policies included all of the following EXCEPT A. the staging of the Boston Tea Party B. the tarring and feathering of British custom officials C. the formation of the First Continental Congress D. the deaths of several Brit

33、ish officers during the Boston Massacre 8. On the night of March 5, 1770, _happened, in which five people were killed. A. Boston Tea Party B. Boston Massacre C. Battles at Lexington and Concord D. Battle of Bunker Hill 9All of the following are parts of the Declaration of Independence EXCEPT A. a de

34、finition of peoples natural rights B.a description of the purpose of government C. the establishment of an alliance with France D.a list of grievances against the King of England10.All of the following are true of George Washington during the American Revolution EXCEPT A. he was appointed Commander-

35、in-Chief of the Continental Army by the Second Continental Congress B. he avoided any situation that threatened the destruction of the Continental Army C. He led the Continental Army at the Battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill D. He managed to keep the Continental Army intact (未受损害的) eve

36、n when defeat of the American cause seemed inevitable11. Which battle was a key turning-point of American Independent War after which France went into the war on the American side? A. Battle of Princeton B. Battle of Yorktown C. Battle of Saratoga D. Battle of QuebecII Thinking and Judging_12. The w

37、ar (1756-1763) between England and France was known in Europe as the French and Indian War. F.（in Europe as Seven Years War ；in North America was called the French and Indian War;）_ 13. The “Boston Tea Party” on the night of December 16, 1773 made the British government pass a series of acts known a

38、s the Coercive Acts; or the Intolerable Acts. T_ 14. It was in the Second Continental Congress that George Washington was appointed commander in chief of the Continental Army. T_ 15. In March 1766 Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, but on the same day the Quartering Act was passed. F The Declaratory

39、 ActGap FillingIn 1763, the 12_ War, known in Europe as the Seven Years War, ends with the Treaty of Paris. Under the treaty, France gave England all French territory east of the 13_, except New Orleans. The Spanish gave up east and west 14 _ to the English in return for 15_.12-15 French and Indian,

40、 Mississippi River, Florida, CubaOn the night of December 16, 1773, the 16_occurs as colonial activists disguise themselves as Mohawk Indians then board the ships and dump all 342 containers of tea into the harbor. In the spring of 1774, British Parliament passed a series of acts that became known i

41、n the colonies as the 17_, in which four punitive measures were enacted against the American colonies and which led to a convening of the 18_. 16-18 Boston Tea Party, Intolerable Acts”, Continental Congress The American Revolutionary War lasted from 19_ to 20_. The Treaty of 21_ ended the war and re

42、cognized the sovereignty of the United States over the territory bounded by what is now 22_to the north, 23_to the south, and the 24_River to the west. 19-24 1775, 1783 , Paris , Canada , Florida , Mississippi 25.What did the phrase “no taxation without representation” mean?The Parliament had no rig

43、ht to tax the colonies because the colonies were not represented in the House of Commons. Match each of the events in the left column with the time in the right column.26. 1-b 2- a 3-c1) The fighting at Lexington and Concorda) On October 17, 1777 2) The battle of Saratogab) In April 1775 3) The Brit

44、ish surrendered to General Cornwallis c) On October 19, 1781d) In August, 1780Chapter 4 Forging a Nation Multiple Choices1._ is known as the Father of the ConstitutionA. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. James MadisonD. Benjamin Franklin2. What is the Bill of Rights? A. First Ten Amendments to

45、the Constitution B. Last Ten Amendments to the Constitution C. The first paragraph of the Constitution D.The main ideas in the Declaration of Independence3. The Constitution divides the government into three branches. Which one of these is not a branch? A. LegislativeB. Executive C. Judicial D. Comm

46、ercialII. Gap FillingWithin the national government, power is divided among three branches: 4)_the legislative_branch , 5)_the executive_branch , and 6)_ the judicial_branch.Twooverallideasshape the Constitution: First, 7)_.Second 8)_. 7) America is a democracy. 8)no government official is above the

47、 law. There are mainly four parts of the constitution spirit: 9)_, 10)_, 11)_, and 12)_.9) the authority power of the law ;10) the separation of the power; 11) the check and balance of each branch and 12) the right of the people.III. Matching Match the branch in the left column with its major functi

48、on in the right column8. The judicial brancha) administers the laws9.The executive branchb) makes the laws10.The legislative branchc) interprets the lawsWhat are the overall ideas that shape the Constitution? What are the spirits consisted in the Constitution?Two overall ideas shape the Constitution

49、. First, America is a democracy. In a democracy, the people have the ultimate power over government because they elect the leaders. Second, no government official is above the law. There are mainly four parts of the constitution spirit. They are the authority power of the law ;the separation of the

50、power; the check and balance of each branch and the right of the people.Chapter 5 Westward Movement I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided _1. TheLouisianaPurchase doubled the size of the United States and opened the d

51、oor for Americas westward expansion. T_2. In 1804, United States president Thomas Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the American West. The Expedition reached the Pacific Ocean and paved the way for the settlement of the West. T_3. The fortune seekers who rushed to Californ

52、ia to look for gold in 1849 were known as Forty-Niners. T_4.During 1838-39, the Cherokees were forced to move to the Indian Territory that is today known Louisiana. Many died during this forced migration. F（that is today known Oklahoma）_5.The War of 1812 was fought between The United States and Mexi

53、co. F (and Great Britain)II. Multiple Choices6. What president was in office during the Era of Good Feelings?A. James MonroeB. John Quincy Adams C. James MadisonD. Andrew Jackson7. Which of the following contributed to an upsurge in westward movement?A. Cheap landB. Better land routesC. A pacified f

54、rontierD. All of these answers are correct8. What newly acquired piece of land were Lewis and Clark sent to explore?A. Louisiana PurchaseB. Oregon CountryC. Indiana TerritoryD. New England Colonies9. In 1849, people were excited about the Gold Rush. In what state was gold found? A. CaliforniaB. Alab

55、amaC. AlaskaD. New York10. What state above the 36 parallel could allow slavery after the Missouri Compromise? A. Arkansas B. Missouri C. New York D. Texas11. Who came up with the Missouri Compromise in 1820? A. Henry Clay B. William Lloyd Garrison C. Abraham Lincoln D. Stephen Douglas 12. The U.S.governme