高中高三高一英语unit4定语从句

1、定 语从 句内容提要一一 定语从句的概念定语从句的概念)二二 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句)三三 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句)1 关系代词与关系副词的选择关系代词与关系副词的选择2 关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词 3. 介词的选择介词的选择四四 非限制定语从句非限制定语从句)五五 定语从句的一些难点定语从句的一些难点: (一一).只用只用that的情况的情况(优化优化62) (二二).只用只用which的情况的情况（优化（优化62） (三三)as与与which的区别的区别(优化优化2，P12) (四四).as与与that的区别的区别(五五)way

2、, time与与reason为先行词时之后的关系词为先行词时之后的关系词(六六)stage point situation position case occasion表示抽表示抽像地点的名词作先行词时之后的关系词像地点的名词作先行词时之后的关系词一一.定语从句的概念定语从句的概念)定语从句定语从句: 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。关系词关系词：引导定语从句的关联词关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词和关系副词。关系代词关系代词有that, which, who, wh

3、om, whose, as关系副词关系副词有where, when, why等。先行词：先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。先行词先行词关系词关系词 + 定语从句定语从句代替代替充当成分充当成分二.关系代词引导的定语从句)关系代词引导的定语从句在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时有时可省略)that 指人或物which 指物who 指人 whom 指人作宾语whose 指人或物作定语三三.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句)1. when指时间，指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语在定语从句中做时间状语 (1) I still reme

4、mber the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 3. why指原因，指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语在定语从句中做原因状语 Please tell me the reaso

5、n why you missed the plane. I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.when(which/that)(which/that)where1.关系代词和关系副词的选择关系代词和关系副词的选择Is this the

6、 factory _ we visited last week?Is this the factory _ his father works? (that )where2.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”=关系副词关系副词1.The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is not clear,2.From the year when / in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.3.Great changes hav

7、e taken place in the city where / in which I was born.3.用介词用介词+关系代词填空关系代词填空.注意介词的选择注意介词的选择The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter?Did you find the composition

8、 _ I wrote just now? with whomin whichwith whichon whichwhichLast week we visited the factory. My brother works in it.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works in.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works.where(which/that)in whi

9、chThe reason was not clear. He didnt come for the reason.The reason _ he didnt come was not clear.The reason _ he didnt come was not clear.whyfor which四.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别)限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上形式上 不用逗号不用逗号和主句隔开和主句隔开用逗号用逗号隔开隔开意义上意义上 是先行词不可缺少的是先行词不可缺少的定语，定语，不能省略不能省略是对先行词的补充是对先行词的补充说明，说明，

10、省略省略后意思后意思仍完整仍完整关系词关系词的不同的不同 A.做宾语时可省略做宾语时可省略 B.可用可用that A.不可省不可省 B.不用不用that 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.China, whic

11、h was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.这两句可否去掉逗号变成限定性定语从句？五五.难点分析难点分析（一）用（一）用that的几种情况的几种情况 1当先行词是当先行词是anything, everything, nothing, few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修等修饰时饰时. Is there anything (that) I can do for you?All (

12、that) we need is more time.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen. 4. 当形容词被当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时修饰时 (1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fir

13、e in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?This is the house in which Luxun once

14、 lived. in thatThe Changjiang River, which is the longest river in China, runs from west to east into the sea. (that)* 介词后面和非限制性定语从句中不介词后面和非限制性定语从句中不用用that（二）只用（二）只用which而不用而不用that（三）关系代词（三）关系代词as和和which引导的引导的定语从句定语从句 as和和which引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句，有相同之，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：处也有不同之处。具体情况是： 1As和which都可以在定

15、语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。(1) He married her, as/which was natural.(2) He was honest, as/which we can see. 2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之前，或者主句之后主句之后；另外，as有“正如正如，正像，正像”的意思。 which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后只能放在主句之后。 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see fro

16、m his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I dont believe. (四).当先行词受such, so, the same修饰时，常用as. (1) I have never heard such a story as he tells. (2) He is not such a fool as he looks. (3) This is the same book as I lost last week.

17、 注意：当先行词由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同。 (4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。 (5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。(五)way, time与reason之后的关系词1.The way he explained to us was quite simple.2.The way he explained t

18、he sentence to us was quite simple.Way 在定语从句中做在定语从句中做主语或宾语主语或宾语时用时用that/which或省略或省略.Way 在定语从句中做在定语从句中做方式状语时方式状语时用用that/in which或省略或省略.缺宾语缺宾语缺方式状语缺方式状语time:次数.关系词用that或省略.time:一段时间.关系词用when或during which. This/It is the second time the president has visited the country. This/Is was the first time I ha

19、d been to the Great Wall. I could hardly remember how many times I ve failed. This was at a time there are no radios, no telephones, or no TV sets.reason在定语从句做在定语从句做主语或宾语主语或宾语时用关系代词时用关系代词that/which.reason在定语从句做在定语从句做原因状语原因状语时用时用why/for which. The reason he was late for school this morning is that he

20、 missed the bus. The reason he gave me sounded quite reasonable.that/whichwhy/for which做宾语做宾语做原因状语做原因状语(六六)stage point situation position case occasion表示表示抽像地点的名词作先行词时之后的关系词抽像地点的名词作先行词时之后的关系词 Hes got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over the plane. The treatment will c

21、ontinue until the patient reaches the point he can walk steadily. We have reached a stage we have almost no right at all. Have you ever had a case you are wronged. 定语从句巩固与练习1.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.A.of whomB.whom C.of whoseD.whose 2.In the dark street , there was

22、nt a single person _ she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 3.The weather turned out to be very good , _ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.whichB.where C.that D

23、.when 6Carol said the work would be done by October, _personally I doubt very much. A. it B.that C.when D.which7Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy.Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat 8.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _ was very reasonabl

24、e. A. which price B. the price of which C. its priceD. the price of whose9._ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As B. It C. That D. Which 10.He lived in London for 3 months , during _ time he learned some English.A. this B. which C. thatD. same 11.Oh the wall hung

25、a picture, _ color is blue.A. whoseB. of whichC. whichD. its12.Whenever I met him , _ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A. what B. which C. that D. when13.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _ stands the famous tower.A. that B. where C. which D. there 14.The boss _ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A.in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose15.I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 17.He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B.