英语语法-动词ing形式(II)

1、Revision-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌吸烟会致癌。 3. Walking is my sole exercise. 散步是我唯一的运动。散步是我唯一的运动。 4. Talking mends no holes. （谚）空谈无济于事。（谚）空谈无济于事。 5. I suggest

2、 bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。我建议结束会议。-ing 形式作定语形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语宾语补足语和表语的用法的用法一、一、-ing形式作定语形式作定语 1. 单个动词的单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料建筑材料drinking water = water

3、for drinking 饮用水饮用水a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖手杖a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台写字台 tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果一个惊人的结果 2. -ing形式短语作定语时形式短语作定语时, 放在所修放在所修饰的名词之后饰的名

4、词之后, 并且在意思上相当于并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：一个定语从句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，形

5、式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。 The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = T

6、he apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。轻轻摇曳。二、二、-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 1. 1) 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：态。如： When we returned to the school, we found a strang

7、er standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生发现一个陌生人站在大门口。人站在大门口。 We found the snake eating the eggs. 我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我发现地板上放着一个包。我发现地板上放着一个包。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。那老板让工人整夜地工作。 2) 当主句转换为被动结构时当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾

8、原来作宾语补足语的动词语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语形式便转换为主语补足语。如：补足语。如： They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。这个结果很令人满意。 They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. 有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 We mustnt keep them waiting. = They mustn

9、t be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。千万不能让他们等。 2. 能用能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动形式作宾语补足语的几类动词词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。等。如：如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. Can you smell anything burning

10、? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didnt notice him waiting. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：等。如：I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking.Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock go

11、ing again.You wont catch me doing that again.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。 3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。 （只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师 正在做实验）正在做实验

12、） 前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如如: We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。 （一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验） 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，不定式短语表示一次动作， 而而-ing形式形式 则表示反复动作。如：则表示反复动作。如： We heard th

13、e door slam. We heard the door slamming. ( (反复动作反复动作) )( (一次动作一次动作) ) 三、三、-ing形式作表语形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：语的身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Exercises Po

14、int out the usage of the ing form. 1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road? sliding, bumping, falling 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce

15、. using 作介词作介词for的宾语的宾语 including作状语作状语 3. That was the problem facing Charlie Chaplin in one of his most famous films. facing 作定语作定语 4. He loved it by using nonverbal humor. using 作介词宾语作介词宾语 5. Their job is “panning for gold”. panning 作表语作表语 6. Finally he tries cutting and eating the bottom of the

16、shoe. cutting, eating 作宾语作宾语 Please read the sentences carefully, trying to pick out the errors and then correct them. 1. I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week. visiting 2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie Chaplins silent films. 3. That cartoon picture s

17、hows Charlie Chaplin watch himself watching in a movie. 4. Charlies nonverbal humor often makes people bursting with laughter. watchingburst 5. We are all fond of Charlies early films, which we think are more interested. 6. I missed to see the beginning of the film City Lights the other day. 7. I wo

18、uldnt mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight. interestingseeingseeing 从从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 2. A phone call sent him _ to the hospital. A. hurry B. hurrying C. to

19、 hurryD. hurried3. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 4. There are lots of places of interest _ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 5. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _ but the door _. A. being on; shut B. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shutting 6. As is known to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tiring D. inte