学术英语Unit5练习答案

1、l Enhancing your academic languageMatch the words with their definitions.5 c 10 d 1 b 2 i3 e4 f6 h7 g8 a9 j Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.1 (基因上地) engineering2 advantages (比重要) disadvantages gre

2、atly3 (基础设施) construction4 (统计) analysis5 will soon (解决) all the difficulties6 (金融的) institution7 (严格的) discipline8 (点燃) the flames of revolution9 be in (合作) with your partner10 a(n) (绝望的) cry for help11 (改变) the bad habitgeneticallyoutweighinfrastructurestatisticsresolvefinancialrigoroussparkcollab

3、orationdesperatealterUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.12 resources of (可耕种的) land13 (缓和) criticism with reason14 (游说以争取) for the funds15 He is at the (领先地位).16 a(n) (一系列) of information17 be (缺乏的)

4、in nutrition18 be (限制) to adults19 (没有根据的) suspicions20 Coal can be (使转变) to gas.21 a(n) (毁灭性的) hurricane22 (主要的) exports of this country23 (转变) dream into realitycultivabletemperlobbyleading-edgearraydeficientrestrictedunfoundedconverteddevastatingstapletransformUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Defi

5、nition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the paragraph.True, GM foods are (已成为我们生活的一部分), and farmers (迫切地想要) use the biotechnology as (能提高稻谷产量), yet we need a deep philosophical discussion of its implication. We still remember that when pesticides were first introduced, they also

6、 were praised as absolutely safe and as a miracle cure for farmers. (尽管这么多保证), decades later the technology revealed its truer lethal implications. Hence, any technology (应该进行严格的测试) before its wide application. already very much a part of our liveshave a strong incentive toit can raise overall crop

7、productivityBut for all that promisesubjected to rigorous testingshould beUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic language1 特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里，转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。2 在富裕的国家里，由于有大量丰富的食品可供选择，而且供应远远超过需求，所以关于生物技术的争论相对缓和一些。3 生物技术专家已经培育出了含有-胡萝卜素身体可将之转化为维生素A和更多铁元

8、素的转基因水稻，目前正在研究培育其他一些增进营养成分的农作物。Translate the following sentences from Text 15 into Chinese.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageTranslate the following sentences from Text 15 into Chinese.4 转基因的抗病毒作物可以减少这种损失，就像抗干旱种子在耕地面积因缺水而受到限制的地区起到的作用一样。5 尤其在运输基础设

9、施落后的国家，地理条件对食物供给的限制正如遗传学为食物供给带来的希望一样大。Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageMatch the words with their definitions.5 i 10 d 1 f 2 c3 e4 a6 h7 g8 j9 b Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the

10、 following expressions or sentences.1 Fog (限制) visibility.2 The sun rises from the (水平的) line.3 Early detection of cancers is (重要地) important.4 put a coin into the (插入) slot5 failed to (获得) a scholarship6 the (功能) of an adjective7 The magician (改变) the frog into a princess.8 the official (文件) concer

11、ning the sale of this land9 the determinate (因素) of our economy10 make a thorough (调查) into the affairrestrictshorizontalvitallyinsertionobtainfunctiontransformeddocumentsfactorinvestigationUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following

12、 expressions or sentences.11 (坚持) in ones efforts12 The artwork was a (构成物) of wire and tubes.13 working out a payment (方案)14 Falling rates of child (死亡率) are also significant.15 eat a small (部分) of food16 A (残留物) of the shampoo can build up on the hair.17 (承担) a project with significance18 be compl

13、ained of (性别的) harassment19 have difficulty in becoming (怀孕的)persistconstructschememortalityportionresidueundertakesexualpregnantUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definition20 The demonstrators (分配) leaflets to passers-by.21 the old salary paled in (相比) with the offer22 (组织学) involves look

14、ing at cells under a microscope.23 I (假定) that an agreement will eventually be reached.24 A(n) (积累) of data will be processed.25 Smoking is (有害的) to health.26 All (途径) to the city were blocked.27 lose the (最佳的) time to defeat the enemy28 a system used to (分配) a scarce commodityl Enhancing your acade

15、mic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.distributedcomparisonHistologypresumeaccumulationdetrimentalapproachesoptimalallocateUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 DefinitionAccording to our literature review, (早已得到证实) that there are diverse relationships between early life

16、factors and adult health. (以前一些论文认为) that these relationships span a range of health outcomes which, in some instances, manifest several decades later. (论文假定) health outcomes of early biological insults could depend on the subsequent social and biological environment. Our studies prove that adult di

17、sease will be more fully understood when account is taken of the combined effects of social and biological risk occurring at different life stages, (正如图表五所显示的).l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the paragraph.it has been well establishedIt was thought in several previous papersIt was suppose

18、d thatas is evident from Table 5Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic language1 风险评估文件中提到，被转变植物中的转基因成分与植物中所含的其它基因材料都在人和动物的消化道中一并被摧毁。2 因此，我们决定进行一项研究来探寻雌性鼠的主要饮食为美联储大豆（一种转基因食品）的情况下，最常见的转基因作物对大鼠幼崽生育率、死亡率和体重增加的影响。3 众所周知，生大豆含有大量的抗营养素如凝集素，胰蛋白酶抑制剂（普兹泰等人, 1998），以及女性激

19、素类物质，因此，有必要将没有补充大豆粉控制对照组的动物与这些数据进行对照研究。Translate the following sentences from Text 16 into Chinese.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageTranslate the following sentences from Text 16 into Chinese.4 更令人吃惊的是，由于幼崽更小，约一半大小，因此会有更多奶提供给单个的幼崽。5 然而，没有观测到雌性大鼠

20、的死亡率，也没有观察到存活的幼崽的死亡率，尽管它们也开始吃转基因大豆，可以推测，（转基因大豆的）负面影响可能被前面的两个因素中和了。Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageMatch the words with their definitions.5 a 10 h 1 c 2 f3 i4 g6 b7 d8 j9 e Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definition1 (严厉的) safety mea

21、sures2 (操作) the lights to get the desirable effect3 (辨别) between right and wrong4 (促使) her to renew her insurance5 (进步) in ones career6 The (方案) no longer seems unrealistic.7 (推论) a conclusion from facts8 close (繁殖)9 a(n) (相反的) decisionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following express

22、ions or sentences.stringentmanipulatedistinguishpromptadvancescenarioderivebreedingadverseUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.10 illness (导致) by overwork11 (引起) ones interest12 a great (多样的) of method

23、s13 (保持) appearance of youth14 (共识) politics15 (转移) of wealth from taxpayers to savers16 social (稳定)17 make a few (改变) to the house18 (合并) of the organizationinducedprovokediversityretainconsensustransferstabilityalterationsincorporationUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definition19 a(n) (

24、关键的) point in the campaign20 a somewhat haphazard and (断断续续的) schooling21 the (取代) of conventional weapons by nuclear weapons22 (修改) a thesis23 loss (估计)24 a TV program (着重反映) the unemployment probleml Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.criticaldiscontinu

25、ousreplacementreviseassessmenthighlightingUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definition (有证据表明) the benefits of cloning are limitless. (提供了一种可能) able to create human organs in order to replace faulty ones. (还确保这样一种可能) stem cells that could be used to cure terminal illnesses, cancer, and sev

26、eral other physical anomalies. (尽管这个技术有很多潜在优点), (但出现一些深深的担忧，涉及到) medical and ethical problems. l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the paragraph.There is evidence thatIt offers a possibility of beingcreatingpotential benefits of this technologyserious concerns have been raised concerning both

27、It also ensure a probability ofDespiteUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definition(To be continued)l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the paragraph. (主要的担忧是) the frightening possibilities of the creation of “super-humans” with unnatural physical and mental capabilities and idealize

28、d “perfect children” for prospective parents. Hence, (我们要谨慎发展) in the future, assessing cloning (在把其运用到实践中之前，考虑其优点和危险性).The main concerns areon the basis of its merits and risks prior to applying it into practical useproceed cautiouslyUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 Definitionwe need tol

29、 Enhancing your academic language1 详细的实验结果表明：巴西坚果中2S蛋白是巴西坚果的主要过敏原；转基因大豆中的最新显露的蛋白保持了其过敏性，因此，可能促使对巴西坚果过敏的病人发生临床反应。2 第二个问题是：由于不清楚为什么有的蛋白过敏，而有的不会，因此更难预测新的转基因是否表达新的过敏原、是否导致再次过敏。3 但是也存在明显的例外，特别是关于水果过敏原，缺乏这些特征就不能大胆地预测蛋白不引发过敏。Translate the following sentences from Text 17 into Chinese.Unit 5Writing an Acade

30、micEssay1 Definition1 Definitionl Enhancing your academic languageTranslate the following sentences from Text 17 into Chinese.4 不能根据氨基酸序列同源性来预测交叉反应性通常是因为折叠蛋白中出现了不连续（非线性）氨基酸序列组成的构象型抗原。5 有一致的报道建议：对食物的逐级评价应考虑基因的来源、与已知过敏原进行的氨基酸序列对比、免疫学分析（体外和体内的）以及基因产物的物理化学性质。Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay1 Definition1 D

31、efinitionl Enhancing your academic languageMatch the words with their definitions.5 e 10 f 1 j 2 h3 b4 c6 i7 a8 g9 d Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essay1 a child born with some (不正常)2 the attraction betwee

32、n an (抗原) and an antibody3 different (种类) of books in a library4 The shares are (当前) being quoted at 54 pence a share.5 a police with mental (敏锐)6 a(n) (长期的) unemployment problem7 He always wants to be the (焦点) of attention.8 get a new job and a new set of work (联系，关系)9 Cigarettes can aggravate the

33、(症状) of a cold.10 That family is a (世袭的) ruler.l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.abnormalityantigencategoriescurrentlyacuitychronicfocusassociationssymptomhereditaryUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secon

34、dary research essaysecondary research essay11 The present international situation (保持) tense.12 There are many serious health hazards (联系) with smoking.13 (微弱的) breathing and voice14 (怀疑) ones honesty15 Do you know the (成分) of the mixture?16 offend the readers (感情)17 lived in conditions of very bad

35、(环境卫生)18 gain in (美学的) knowledge19 Temperature governs the rate of all (生物化学的) processes.l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.remainsassociatedfaintsuspectconstituentsensibilitiessanitationaestheticbiochemicalUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the bo

36、dy of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essay20 Bodies need adequate (营养).21 (作总结) on a positive note22 The meeting terminated in (混乱).23 It is France (对抗) Brazil in the final.24 The (生理的) needs are reasonably satisfied.25 keep its (效力) of the medicine26 Dont (

37、妨碍) with my business.27 serious (神经学的) complications28 They (归因于) their success to their teachers encouragement.l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.nutritionconcludedisorderversusphysiologicalpotencyinterfereneurologicalattributeUnit 5Writing an Academic

38、Essay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essay (比较一致的看法) the effect of smoking on lung cancer (呈现在以前许多研究中). According to the National Cancer Institute, smoking currently causes 87 percent of lung cancer deaths. While much has been learned ab

39、out it, (还有许多有待于研究) about effects of secondhand smoke on lung cancer. Although (以前所进行的实验) found that a great number of lung cancer deaths (归咎于被动吸烟), those previous studies (被这些问题所困扰，如) biased sampling and lack of control groups. Hence (要把更多的因素考虑进去) before a reliable conclusion is reached.l Enhancing

40、 your academic languageComplete the paragraph.A fairly consistent picture ofis presented in many previous studiesmuch remains to be studiedout beforeseveral experiments carriedwere attributed to second-hand smokesuffered from such problems such asmore factors have to be taken into consideration Unit

41、 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essayl Enhancing your academic language1 为了研究大麻对身体的影响而不是它是如何产生的，本文基于大麻影响的持续时间和强度，提出了第三种分类。2 有一次，症状发生在一天第一次吸烟后，另一次在一天内抽了四支，第三支时发生了症状，因此我推断这与数量无关。3 为了总结伯克通过这个例子想解释的道理，大麻对身体的影响取决于个体吸

42、食大麻的经历，这正是当人们谈论大麻对于身体的影响时需要考虑的要点。Translate the following sentences from Text 18 into Chinese.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essayl Enhancing your academic languageTranslate the following sentences from Text

43、 18 into Chinese.4 最近由Nahas完成的关于“壶”吸烟者的实验表明大麻影响身体的基因产量，而这些基因正是引起细胞分裂和控制遗传特点的遗传物质。5 了解大麻中其他成分的可能影响也是很重要的，这些成分本身不具备心理和生理上活跃的特点，但仍有可能影响这些成分的活动。Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay4 Writing the body of the 4 Writing the body of the secondary research essaysecondary research essayl Enhancing your academic lang

44、uageMatch the words with their definitions.5 e 10 f 1 j 2 h3 b4 c6 i7 a8 g9 d Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic writing style9 Academic writing style1 (井井有条的) work2 It can (增添) the value of the housing.3 (承担) full responsibility for the loss4 Errors must be (消除掉) before you hand in your essay

45、.5 Important content should be (强调).6 His face (呈现) a worried look.7 (牺牲) ones health for professional success8 hours spent on (编辑) the book9 some (障碍) to its developmentl Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.methodicaladd toundertakeeliminatedhighlightedto

46、ok onsacrificeeditingobstaclesUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic writing style9 Academic writing stylel Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.10 (害怕) working after a long holiday11 The dispute (由发展而来) of an argument.12 (重复) an experiment13 develop the

47、(核心) of people who are active in the community14 (抑制) the bodys immune system15 completely (完全对立的) the democratic ideas16 (方针) for the treatment of the infectious patients17 medical (全体人员)18 (详细介绍) a number of joint initiativesdreadgrew outduplicatecoresuppressantithetical toguidelinespersonneldetai

48、lUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic writing style9 Academic writing style19 very (使人快乐的) to the eye20 many (修辞性的) phrases used in his speech21 (更适合的) walking with bare feet22 very (易懂的) account of their research23 You have to learn to (承受) stress.24 The job (需要) my time.25 the (根本性的) causes fo

49、r her divorce26 (开始着手进行) to rob the bank27 Women (构成) only 10 percent of the workforce.l Enhancing your academic languageComplete the following expressions or sentences.pleasingrhetoricalprefer toreadablelive withmade demand onunderlyingset outmake upUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic writing

50、style9 Academic writing style“Finagle” is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason why science is so respected is that scientific investigation (对科学家无私地追求真相有很大的要求) and their conclusion (往往是基于他们对所研究课题的彻底的了解). (他们对研究结果最感兴趣的是) the reliability of the data. l Enhancing your academic

51、 languageComplete the paragraph.makes great demands on the scientists impartial search for truth is often based on a thorough knowledge of the subject they study To them of primary interest in findings isUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay(To be continued)9 Academic writing style9 Academic writing styleH

52、ence, in any debate (在转基因食品、核辐射、纳米技术、和云技术) the phrase “science says” usually crushes the opposition. But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a finagle factor (许多科学家的倾向是) to slightly change the data to produce desired results or simply (抑制那些和他们的假设相反的发现).l Enhancing your academic langua

53、geComplete the paragraph.over GM foods, nuclear radiation, nanotechnology,and cloud computinga tendency by manyscientistssuppress any findings which is antithetical toones hypothesisUnit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic writing style9 Academic writing stylel Enhancing your academic language1 我们必须

54、解释这个问题被认为与这部分人口的身体健康密切相关，因而可能导致我们制定关于这类食品的一些规则。2 这个部分在修辞上有用，它向读者表明所呈现的数据都是依据对这个领域所进行过的研究的彻底了解，或许这些数据还是从原来一些研究中发展而来的，从而提升了研究者的信度。3 如果要调查各种泳姿的相对效率，就要对所测试的游泳者的人数，所进行测试的性质，游泳者的经验，测试时的天气情况，和所有其他影响整个实验的因素进行详细说明。Translate the following sentences from Text 19 into Chinese.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Aca

55、demic writing style9 Academic writing stylel Enhancing your academic languageTranslate the following sentences from Text 19 into Chinese.4 虽然人们往往隐瞒那些不能支持自己假设的发现，但这种欺骗和学术领域中的真正研究活动是格格不入的。5 虽然在高中里我们苦于写研究报告，在大学里也害怕写，在工作岗位上也常常被写研究报告压得喘不过气来，但是学会舒服地接受这样的写作也是比较容易的事。Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssay9 Academic

56、writing style9 Academic writing stylel Enhancing your academic languageLecture171 Why did the lecturer choose ecology and evolution as his major at Stanford?Because he was determined as a boy to save natural resources of his country.2 What is the attitude of the lecturer toward slums? How do you kno

57、w?His attitude is positive and he says that the slums help create prosperity.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssayl Enhancing your academic languageLecture173 In which way do people contribute to the environment when they head to town?The natural environment starts to come back and population growth slows.

58、4 What is the lecturers description about nuclear energy?Nuclear energy is the current operating low-carbon source, and can save the climate. It also can dismantle nuclear weapons.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssayl Enhancing your academic languageLecture175 What are the four main environmental problems

59、 that the lecturer address in his lecture?Urbanization, nuclear energy, genetically modified food and geo-engineering.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssayl Enhancing your academic languageLecture181 What is Dr. Fedoroffs idea about the concern of transgenic seeds leaking out?It doesnt matter because seeds

60、 will still grow into domesticated plants and wont become invasive weeds. Whats more, its a management problem rather than ecological problem.Unit 5Writing an AcademicEssayl Enhancing your academic languageLecture182 What is the result when canola with genetically modified herbicide resistance sprea