武汉大学2012年翻译硕士英语

1、武汉大学2012年翻译硕士英语考研真题2012年攻读学位研究生入学考试试题(专业学位) (满分值100分) 科目名称：翻译硕士英语(A卷) 科目代码：211I. Grammar and VocabularySection A Multiple Choice (120=20 points) Directions: there are 20 questions in this section. Beneath each question there are FOUR choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best answers the

2、 question. Mark your answer on your answers sheet. 1. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the _ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture. A. relationshipB. speciesC. patternsD. environment2. One theory a

3、bout intelligence sees _ as the logical structure underlying thinking and insists that since animals are mute, they must be _as well. A. behaviorinactiveB. instinctcooperativeC. hereditythoughtfulD. languagemindless3. By _scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social scien

4、ces may often have _their scope to whose narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods. A. underminingdiminishedB. equatingenlargedC. vitiatingexpandedD. identifyinglimited4. The new _of knowledge has created _people: everyone believes that his or her subject cannot and

5、possibly should not be understood by others. A. specializationbarriers betweenB. declineassociations amongC. redundancycomplacency inD. disreputeconcern for5. Far from being _, Pat was always _ to appear acquiescent. A. unctuousloathB. brazenreluctantC. ignobleconcernedD. obsequiouseager6. Those who

6、 fear the influence of television deliberately _its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated. A. promoteB. underplayC. excuseD. laud7. Because the high seriousness of their narratives resulted in part from their m

7、etaphysics, Southern writer were praised for their _bent. A. technicalB. discursiveC. hedonisticD. philosophical8. Her _should not be confused with miserliness; as long as I have known her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need. A. intemperanceB. intoleranceC. apprehensionD. fr

8、ugality9. Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the ramification of the economic policy have been _by his wholehearted acceptance of that policys underlying assumptions.A. supplementedB. underminedC. divertedD. redeemed10. In the machinelike world of classical physics, the human intellect appears _

9、, since the mechanical nature of classical physics does not_ creative reasoning, the very ability that had made the formulation of classical principle possible. A. anomalousallow forB. abstractspeak toC. anachronisticdenyD. contradictoryexclude11. Documenting sciences _philosophy would be_, since it

10、 is almost axiomatic that many philosophers use scientific concepts as the foundations for their speculations. A. distrust ofelementaryB. influence onsuperfluousC. reliance oninappropriateD. dependence ondifficult12. The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly_ source of raw materi

11、als, of which only a few have been utilized. A. exploitedB. quantifiableC. controversialD. inexhaustible13. The state is a network of exchanged benefits and beliefs, _between rulers and citizens based on those laws and procedures that are _to the maintenance of community. A. a compromiseinimicalB. a

12、n equivalenceprerequisiteC. a reciprocityconduciveD. a counterpointincidental14. To have true disciples, a thinker must not be too_: any effective intellectual leader depends on the ability of other people to_ thought processes that did not originate with them. A. populardismissB. idiosyncraticreena

13、ctC. self-confidentrevitalizeD. pragmaticdiscourage15. The paradoxical aspect of the myths about Demeter, when we consider the predominant image of her as a tranquil and serene goddess, is her_ search for her daughter. A. extendedB. agitatedC. comprehensiveD. motiveless16. Yellow fever, the disease

14、that killed 4000 Philadelphians in 1793, and so_ Memphis, Tennessee, that the city lost its charter, has reappeared after nearly two decades in _the Western Hemisphere.A. decimatedabeyanceB. corruptedquiescenceC. ravagedsecretD. terrorizedcontention17. Parts of 17th century Chinese pleasure gardens

15、were not necessarily intended to look_, they were designed expressly to evoke the agreeable melancholy resulting form a sense of the _of natural beauty and human glory. A. beautifulimmutabilityB. cheerful transitorinessC. colorfulabstractnessD. luxuriantsimplicity18. Since it is now _to build the co

16、mplex central processing unit of a computer on a single silicon chip using photolithography and chemical etching, it seems plausible that other miniature structures might be fabricated in _ways. A. difficultrelatedB. permitteduniqueC. mandatorycongruentD. routinesimilar19. Laws do not ensure social

17、order since laws can always be_, which makes them _unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing. A. contestedprovisionalB. circumventedantiquatedC. repealedvulnerableD. violatedineffective20. Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater _their efforts to

18、 build a progressive party than the _of the progressives already elected to the legislature. A. benefit fromsuccessB. support foradvocacyC. obstacle toresistanceD. threat topromiseSection B Error Correction (110=10 points) Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are

19、 altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You are required to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you add a word, put an insertion mark () in the right place and write the missing word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slas

20、h (/) in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you change a word, cross it and put your word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. Remember to write the correct number beside each blank on the answer sheet.Gifts giving is according to different cultures. Today lets see business

21、 gifts (21) _giving in the U.K. Giving gifts is a normal part of British business culture. (22) _indeed, British business colleagues are quite likely to feel embarrassing to (23) _receive any gift at all. The only duty may be at the conclusion of a deal (24) _when it might be appropriate to give a u

22、nique commemorative item to have (25) _the occasion. Small gifts such as inscribed pens or books, would suitable (26) _tokens of genuine gratitude, and flowers or wine or champagne suffice to thank junior colleagues for their services. Do not, however, appear patronizing or undue forward, (27) _espe

23、cially if the recipient is a woman. Alternatively it will often be appreciated if you invite your hosts, or others you wish to think, out for a meal or to the theater or opera. (28) _Business gifts are never exchanged at Christmas but it may be appropriate to send a card, particularly as an express

24、of thanks to your business associates but also (29) _as means of maintaining valuable contacts. Bear in mind the that U.K postal service was foundedat about the same time as the old railway, so much that your cards are mailed （30）_in good time.II. Reading Comprehension.Section A Multiple Choice (215

25、=30 points) Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-34 are based on the following passage:Tradition

26、al research has confronted only Mexican and United States interpretations of MexicanAmerican culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from a sovereign people compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally a conquered peoplea charter min

27、ority on our own land.When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they intermarried with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early 1800s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican life a

28、nd government. In the 1820s United State citizens migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton.As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of acquiring land by subduing native populations began to dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly, culmination in a military confl

29、ict that led to victory for the United States. Thus, suddenly derived of our parent culture, we had to evolve uniquely Mexican-Mexican modes of thought and action in order to survive.31. The authors purpose in writing this passage is primarily to _.A. suggest the motives behind Mexican and United St

30、ates intervention in TexasB. bring to light previously overlooked research on Mexican AmericansC. provide a historical perspective for a new analysis of MexicanAmerican cultureD. document certain early objectives of Mexican- American society32. The author most probably uses the phrase “charter minor

31、ity” to reinforce the idea the Mexican Americans _.A. are a native rather than an immigrant group in the United StatesB. played an active political role when Texas first became part of the United StatesC. have been misunderstood by scholars trying to interpret their cultureD. identify more closely w

32、ith their Indian heritage than with their Spanish heritage33. According to the passage, a major difference between the colonization policy of the United States and that of Mexico in Texas in the 1800s was the _.A. degree to which policies were based on traditionB. form of economic interdependency be

33、tween different cultural groupsC. treatment of the native inhabitantsD. relationship between the military and the settlers34. Which of the following statements most clearly contradicts the information in this passage?A. While Texas was under Mexican control, the population of Texas quadrupled, in sp

34、ite of the fact the Mexico discouraged immigration from the United States.B. Most Indians living in Texas resisted Spanish acculturation and were either killed or enslaved.C. By the time Mexico acquired Texas, many Indians had already married people of Spanish Heritage.D. Many Mexicans living in Tex

35、as returned to Mexico after Texas was annexed by the United States.Questions 35-38 are based on the following passage:Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowed assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items

36、 on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a

37、rostrum.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin Autcio, meaning “increase.” The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called subhasta, meaning “under the spear,” a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal

38、 for a crowd to gather, In English in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”; a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides,

39、 skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, frit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms as Christies and Sothebys in London and New York are world-famous.An auction is us

40、ually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot,” is usually given a number. The

41、 auctioneer need not begin with Lot I and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneers services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods

42、are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.35. Why is the end of the bidding called “knocking down”?A. Because the auctioneer knocks the buyer down.B. Because the auctioneer knocks the rostrum down.C. Because the goods are knocked down

43、on the table.D. Because the auctioneer bans the table with a hammer.36. The Romans used to sell _ by auction.A. spoilt goodsB. old-worn weaponsC. property taken from the enemyD. spears37. A candle used to burn at auction sales_.A. because they took place at nightB. as a signal for the crowd to gathe

44、rC. to keep the auctioneer warmD. to limit the time when offers could be made38. The auctioneer may decide to sell the “lots” out of the order because _.A. he sometimes wants to confuse the buyersB. he knows from experience that certain people will want to buy certain itemsC. he wants to keep certai

45、n people waitingD. he wants to reduce the number of buyersQuestions 39-45 are based on the following passage:When we consider great painters of the past, the study of art and the study of illusion cannot always be separated. By illusion I mean those contrivances of color, line, shape, and forth that

46、 lead us to see marks on a flat surface as depicting three-dimensional objects in space. I must emphasize that I am not making a plea, disguised or otherwise, for the exercise of illusionist tricks in painting today, although I am, in fact rather critical of certain theories of non-representational

47、art. But to argue over these theories would be to miss the point. That the discoveries and effects of representation that were the pride of earlier artists have become trivial today I would not deny for a moment, . Yet I believe that we are in real danger of losing contact with past masters if we ac

48、cept the fashionable doctrine that such matters never had anything to do with art. The very reason why the representation of nature can now be considered something commonplace should be of the greatest interest to art historians. Never before has there been an age when the visual image was so cheap

49、in every sense of the word. We are surrounded and assailed by posters and advertisements, comics and magazine illustrations. We see aspects of reality represented on television, postage stamps, and food packages. Painting is taught in school and practiced as a pastime, and many modest amateurs have

50、mastered tricks that would have looked like sheer magic to the 14th century painter Giotto. Even the crude colored renderings on a cereal box might have made Giottos contemporaries gasp. Perhaps there are people who concluded from this that the cereal box is superior to a Giotto; I do not. But I thi

51、nk that the victory and vulgarization of representational skills create a problem for both art historians and critics. In this connection it is instructive to remember the Greek saying that to marvel is the beginning of knowledge and if we cease to marvel we may be in danger of ceasing to know. I be

52、lieve we must restore our sense of wonder at the capacity to conjure up by forms, lines, shades, or colors those mysterious phantoms of visual reality we call “pictures.” Even comics and advertisements, rightly viewed, provide food for thought. Just as the study of poetry remains incomplete without

53、an awareness of the language of prose, so, I believe, the study of art will be increasingly supplemented by inquiry into the “linguistics” of the visual image. The way the language of art refers to the visible world is both so obvious and so mysterious that it is still largely unknown except to arti

54、sts who use it as we use all languagewithout needing to know its grammar and semantics.39. The author of the passage explicitly, disagrees with which of the following statements?A. In modern society even non-artists can master techniques that great artists of the 14th century did not employ.B. The a

55、bility to represent a three-dimensional object on a flat surface has nothing to do with art.C. In modern society the victory of representational skills has created a problem for art critics.D. The way that artists are able to represent the visible world is an area that needs a great deal more study

56、before it can be fully understood.40. The author suggests which of the following about art historians?A. They do not believe that illusionist tricks have become trivial.B. They generally spend little time studying contemporary artists.C. They have not given enough consideration to how the representa

57、tion of nature has become commonplace.D. They generally tend to argue about theories rather than address substantive issues.41. Which of the following best states that authors attitude toward comics, as expressed in the passage?A. They constitute an innovative art from.B. They can be a worthwhile subject for study.C. They are critically important to an understanding of modern art.D. Their visual structure is more complex than that of medieval art.42. The authors statem