中英合作商务英语讲解8

1、Module 8 - Part 1Business Topic: Manufacturing processBy Yan LIUBy Yan LIUSun Yat-Sen UniversitySun Yat-Sen University刘燕刘燕中山大学中山大学graffiti n.涂鸦，乱涂乱画graffiti-resistant adj.抗涂鸦的graffiti-free adj.无涂鸦的Graffiti-covered surface 被涂鸦的表面uWe want a school free of graffiti and vandalism. 没有涂鸦墙壁和破坏公物现象的学校。uThe

2、graffiti is removed from the wall.涂鸦痕迹从墙上消除了。uHubdenns achievement is a series of special paints which are graffiti- resistent. 休博丁的成就在于它生产的一系列抗涂鸦的的油漆涂料。-resistant 抗，耐udrug-resistant bacteria 抗药性的细菌uwinkle-resistant clothes 防皱衣服ugraffiti-resistant coating 抗涂鸦的涂料ustain-resistant 防污的-free 无的，无妨碍的，免除的d

3、uty-free免税的 disease-free 无病的worry-free无忧无虑的 rent-free免付房租的fat-free 不含脂肪的vandalise v.摧残；破坏uUntil recently, we faced a big problem with both vandals and graffiti.uBecause ther is nobody on site during the night, the buildings were being vandalised regularly.uTheir consultants have worked closedly with

4、 our maintenance staff and our buildings have been protected from vandalism.vandal n.故意破坏公共财产者maintenance staff维护人员，维修人员siten.地点，现场uon site 在事发地点，在现场 construction site 建筑工地ucamp site 露营地 job site 施工现场uhistoric site 历史遗址uThere is said to be an accident. But unfortunately no witness was on per

5、ty n. 财产，资产；特性；性质uA piece of property一件财产uLost property office 失物招领处uThe chemical property of alcohol酒精的特性uOptimism is a property of his personality.乐观开朗是性格特征。uThe paint has a special surface which gives it two important properties.这种涂料有个这个特别的表层有两个重要的特性。be dedicated to专门用于uA Monument was dediacted t

6、o the memory of the soliders who had died there. 纪念牺牲的士兵，在那儿建了一座纪念碑。uHe dedicated his weekends to football.uWhen he died at the age of eighty, the Italians regarded him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of “the most valiant soldier and most notable leader”u当

7、他80岁去世的时候，佛罗伦斯人为他举行仪式了国葬，并且给他 画了一幅像，以纪念这位“最英勇的战士和最杰出的领袖”。uOptions include building a second factory, dedicated to the most poplular products, or licensing a major international company to manufacture their products.u有两种方案：一是再建一座工厂，专门用于生产最畅销的产品；二 是授权一个大型国际公司生产他们的产品。licensev.准许，授权n. 执照，许可证uOur company

8、 is licensed to porduce beer. 获准生产啤酒。udriving license 驾照defacev.破坏外观，丑化Many school desks are defaced ny graffiti.clean off清除干净、打扫干净To clean off the graffiti is not an easy job without special coatings. 没有特殊涂料，showaround.带领某人参观 Weekend West was shown around the factory of a small but highly innovativ

9、e and successful company, Hubdean.innovativeadj.创新的、新颖的、富裕有革新精神的 n. innovationuThey are looking for innovative ways to protect environment.uInnovative companies are easily successful.order 订货automated自动化的delivery 送货capacity 生产量，容量output 产量supply 供给produce 产品warehouse 仓库plant 工厂demand 需求produce 农产品ha

10、ndmade 手工的waste 浪费stock 存货，库存inventory产品单storage cost存储费用defect 缺陷loading bay 装卸平台factory floor厂房 raw material 原材料work at full capacity满负荷工作，以全部力量工作uThe factory is currently working at full capacity.uThey are producing oil at full capacity.buyers market买方市场In buyers market, supply exceeds demand. se

11、llers marketautomatev.使自动化uthe products are made using an automated assemble line. assemble line = producing line 生产线，装配线，流水线uThe whole process by which machines can be used to work for us has been called automation. In the future, automation may enable human beings to enjoy far more leisure that th

12、ey do today. The coming of automation is bound to have imporant social consequences. 社会影响。uautomated line 自动化生产线uThe stone is used to make the gate close automatically.石头的作用就是使门能够自动关上。automaticallyadv.自动地automotion n.自动化carry out执行，贯彻producen.(不可数)农产品的总称agricultural produce农产品 dairy produce奶产品 the c

13、hief produce of Spain 西班牙的主要农产品n.(可数)产品，产量industrial products 工业产品 an increase in product产量增长elimiate v.消除，根除= get rid of = remove uHow many sorts of waste have been eliminated in lean manufacturing?在节约时间中杜绝了多少种浪费？uThis eliminated the storage costs of keeping a supply of materials in the warehouse.这

14、就除去了原料储存仓库的费用。ueliminated the storage costs 消除储存成本/费用uHe made all his efforts to eliminate all the obstacles on his way to success.他尽力消除通往成功道路上的所有障碍。uIf I can eliminate errors in the exam, I will get a full mark.如果我能消除考虑中的错误，我会得满分。adopt v.采用，采纳；收养The JIT concept was adopted and developed by Mr. Daii

15、chi Ohno of the Toyota Motor Corporation. Just-in-time =JIT准时生产丰田汽车公司的Daiichi Ohno先生采纳并发展了JIT生产哲学。adopt a new technique 采用新技术 adopt a new idea.采纳新意见adopted child 被收养的孩子adaptv.适应，适合They have adapted themselves to city life.adapt oneself to doingkey features 主要特征；特色Its key features were the eliminatio

16、n of all waste and the continuous improvement of productivity.Make key dicisions 做重大决定 key information 重要信息principle n.原则，原理The priciple of JIT may be experssed as: having the right amount of the right material in the right place, at the right time.He is a man of principle.他是个讲原则的人.principaln.（大学）校长

17、、首要人物 the principal to Peking University.北大校长adj.主要的，首要的( chief, leading )principal food主食 principal points主要观点lean manufacturing节约型生产 lean = economical, thrifty in managementIndustries must be lean to survive.企业必须节俭才能得以维持。philosophyn.哲学，哲理；基本原理，观点uToday the companies that apply a JIT philosophy hav

18、e learnt a lot from the American and the Japanese experiences. 如今，应用JIT生产管理哲学的公司已从美国人及日本人的经验中学到了很多。ueducational philosophy 教育哲学uan original philosophy of advertising 有创意的广告理论overproduction 生产过剩excess transportation 运输过剩excess inventory 库存过剩waiting time 等待时间processing 加工过程motion and production defect

19、s 运转及生产缺陷Part 2 Business Skills: problems and Solutionssolution n.解决办法The production manager has called a meeting to discuss the problem and to find a solution.mechanism n.机制uPoka-Yoke mechanism can prevent a mistake from becoming a catastrophe. Poka-Yoke机制能防止一个错误变成一个灾难。uAnother Poka-Yoke mechanism

20、,which actually measures the diameter of the tube(加油管), keeps the onening to diesel tank closed in this case.voicemail n.电子语音邮件closed circuit television 闭路电视barcode scanner 条码扫描仪smoke detector / alarm 烟雾探测器pager n.寻呼机conference phones 会计电话petrol n.汽油（英）diesel n.柴油uHow many of you have ever filled up

21、 your car with diesel instead of petrol? 有多少人曾经把车加了柴油而不而汽油？uThe tube for diesel is too big to fit in the hole of a petrol car.u柴油加油管对使用汽油的轿车的油孔来说太大了。optical cell光学仪器These optical cells stop the doors from closing when people are getting off the bus. 当乘客下车时，这些光电仪器能控制车门处于敞开状态。disposable adj.一次性的，用完就扔的

22、disposable cup一次性杯子disposable razors一次性剃须刀disposable diapers 一次性纸尿布 v.disposesmartadj.巧妙的，聪明的 smart lid智能杯盖 smart phone电信小灵通outletn.出口，出路；emergency outlet成章 紧急出口n. 商店 the manufacturer has several outlets in this city.代销店 drink outlets 饮料店temperature-sensitive adj.对温度敏感的The lid manufactured with a te

23、mperature-sensivtive additive.这种杯盖的制作添加了一种温度敏感材料。anti-virus program防病毒软件If you ave an anti-virus program, it protects your computer against infection.uproduction targets 生产指标uexceed target 超额完成指标uset a target for production 制定生产指标ulog on (to)登录电脑，注册ulog off/ out退出系统ulog onto the computer system 登录电脑

24、系统be compatible with与兼容，一致uA compatible colore televison system.兼容制彩色电视系统uThe new program isnt compatible with the old computer system. 新程序与旧的电脑不兼容。customer service 客户服务、顾客服务client service 客户服务、顾客服务break into破门而入got out of business 歇业，停业keep crashing指电脑系统出故障 Our computers keep crashig. We cant go on

25、 working. We are all frustrated.我们的电脑系统不断出故障我们很泄气be off sick with flu得流感请病假 half of your staff are off sick with flu.kilnn.(砖、石灰等的)窑、炉、干燥炉uA kine is an industrial oven.uthe maintenance workers are spending too long time cleaning the kiln.uI think the kiln is not being maintained properly. 我认为原因在于烧烤炉

26、没有得到适当的维护。creamic creamics adj.陶瓷制品的-n.陶瓷制品的总称uYour company makes ceramics.uThe high temperature needed is not being reached and consequently the ceramics are of poor quality. 需要的高温未达到要求，结果陶瓷制品的品质不佳。fuel n. 燃料uYou think the problem is either with the quality of the raw materials for the ceramtics or

27、 with the fuel. 你认为问题的原因可能有两个方面：陶瓷制品原材料质量问题或是所使用的燃料不达标。ufuel supplier.uYou are responsible for buying the fuel (coal) for the production process.uI got an excellent price on coal form the Far East, and I signed the contract for two years.sign a contract签一份合同meetv.达到，满足、符合要求等umeet quality standard符合质

28、量标准uThe finished products do not meet industry quality standards. 已生产的产品质量不达标。uYou should meet all the conditions in the contract. 你们必须符合合同中的所有条款。uThey are working at full capactiy to meet production targets this month. 他们正全力以赴完成本月的生产指标。Part 3 Exam Spotlightreliableadj.可靠的，可信赖的a friend can tll you i

29、f the company is reliable =recommendation from a friend.recommendationn.推荐Fridens recommendation will save you a lot of time to look for a trust-worthy shipping.朋友的推荐为你寻找可信的船运公司省去很多时间。departure time起飞时间If the departure time doesnt fit you, you will waste a lot of time and arrangements will be in disorder. This will cause much inconvenience.如果起飞时间不适合你，你会浪费很多时间。你的安排也会变得混