北师课改版初二英语知识点及练习题

1、情态动词：它本身有一定的词义，但不情态动词：它本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和态度成谓语，表示说话人的语气和态度。cancan的用法：的用法：1）没有数和人称的变化）没有数和人称的变化. 2）否定形式为）否定形式为can not,缩写缩写cant.3) 过去式为过去式为could, 用在一般过去时用在一般过去时的句子中。的句子中。4）主要用法：）主要用法：C.表示能力，意为表示能力，意为“能，会能，会”，具体指，具体指体力或者脑力方面的能力。体力或者脑力方面的能力。I can play basketball.

2、Can you sing a song? He cant dance well.5)口诀：口诀：“许可许可”“”“能力能力”请用请用can, 动词原形后面站；动词原形后面站； 无论主语如何换，无论主语如何换， can的模样永不变的模样永不变 4）主要用法：）主要用法：A表示许可，意为表示许可，意为“可以可以”。 You can do it tomorrow. You cant go now.B. 表示请求对方的许可，意为表示请求对方的许可，意为“能，可能，可以以”。a.常用句型为常用句型为“Can I / we?” 意为意为“我可以我可以?/我们可以我们可以?”b.回答：肯定：回答：肯定：“Y

3、es, you can.” 否定：否定：“Sorry, you cant.”c. -Can we leave now? -Yes, you can. /Sorry, you cant.must必须必须表示表示主观主观看法看法没有人称，没有人称，时态和数时态和数的变化的变化只用于一般只用于一般现在时，可现在时，可表示现在或表示现在或者将来者将来否定为否定为mustnt, 意意为为“禁止，禁止，一定不要一定不要”Have to必须，必须，不得不不得不表示表示客观客观要求要求有人称，有人称，时态和数时态和数的变化的变化用于多种时用于多种时态，可表示态，可表示过去，现在过去，现在和将来和将来否定为否定

4、为dont have to，意，意为为 “不必不必”must和和have to的用法：的用法：1)两者都表示两者都表示“必须必须”。2）用法和区别：）用法和区别：注：注：A.以以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用，否定回答用neednt或者或者dont have to.-Must I go with them?-Yes, you must. / No, you neednt/ dont have to.B. have to不能直接构成否定句或者疑问句，不能直接构成否定句或者疑问句，必须借助助动词。必须借助助动词。-You dont have t

5、o get up early.1. 情态动词：情态动词：（基础练习）1. -Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow? -Sorry, you_. A. cant B. dont C. neednt D. wont2.-Can I go fishing with you, Dad? -Im sorry you_. You must stay at home and do your homework.A .mustnt B. cant C. dont D. arent3._ I use your iPad? - Sure. Here you are.

6、A .Must B. Can C. Need D. Will4.-Can I park my car in front of the building? -No, you _.A .wont B. cant C. neednt D. couldnt5. -Must I finish my homework before 8 oclock?-Yes, you_.A .must B. cant C. have to D. can6. You _ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.A. cant B. shouldnt C. mustnt D.

7、have to 7. -Must I get up early tomorrow morning? -No, _.A.you mustnt B. you dont have to C. you cantD. you need8.- Whos singing in the next room? -It _ be her . She isnt at home today. A. cant B. must C. shouldnt D. can9. -Must I learn all these words by heart? -No, you _. Itll be fine if you copy

8、them in your exercise books. A. needntB. cant C. shouldnt D. mustnt10. The work is too hard for him. He _ finish it on time.A .cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt（提升练习）1.-I cant give up smoking, doctor. -For your health, Im afraid you _.A .may B. can C. have to D. cant2. -Dad, can I go to the cinem

9、a tonight? -Sure, but you_ come back home before 0 oclock.A .can B. must C. may D. might3.-Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? -Yes, you _.A .must B. can C. may D. need4. -Will you stay for some more days? -Sorry, I_. My mother called to ask me to go back at once. A. mustnt B. may not

10、C. cant D. wouldnt 5. -Whose T - shirt is this?-It _ be John s. Its _ small for him.A.cant; much too B .cant; too much C. mustnt; much too D. mustnt; too much6. -Do you know the song Come on, Tom! -Yes, and I _sing it well.A. must B. can C. need D. must7. -Must I return the book this week? -No, you

11、_. You can _ it for 20 days.A.mustnt: keep B. neednt; borrow C. neednt; keep D. mustnt; borrow8. -Look at the sign! -Oh, I see. We _ waste water. A. can B. must C. mustnt D. neednt9. It rained heavily, so we _ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.A. could B. had to C. must D. can

12、10. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?-Sorry, I cant. Ifinish my homework.A. may B. would C. have to 1.-I often have hamburgers for lunch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you_ too much junk food.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate2.Its_ for him to learn Chinese well.A. hardly B. difficult C. diffic

13、ulty It is +形容词（形容词（+for sb.）+to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是做某事（对某人来说）是的的 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。定式。Its important for us to learn English. Its interesting to play computer games.1._ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A. / B. A C. An D. The2._ moved to another city last month

14、.A. The Smiths B. A Smith C. An Smith D. /3.The Smiths_ going to Beijing next weekA. is B. are C. will D. would the +姓氏复数姓氏复数= the+姓氏姓氏+family “ 夫妇两人夫妇两人”或或“一家人一家人”。 做主语是谓语动词用复数。做主语是谓语动词用复数。 The Smiths are very friendly. 1.It _ Mr. Green an hour to fix up his bike yesterday.A. cost B. paid C. spent

15、D. took2. It takes Miss Li two hours_ his homework.A. finish B. to finish C. do D. finishingIt takes (sb.)some time to do sth. (花费花费)某人多少时间做某事某人多少时间做某事It takes about ten minutes to get to school by bus.1.How kind you are! You always do what you can _ others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help2. _

16、 your situation, you have to work hard.A. To improve B. Improving C. Improved D. Improves3. He made a fire _ keep us warm.A. to B. in C. at D. for动词不定式短语在句中做目的状动词不定式短语在句中做目的状语。动词不定式做目的状语谓语语。动词不定式做目的状语谓语谓语动词之后，有时也放在句子谓语动词之后，有时也放在句子开头，用逗号隔开，表示强调。开头，用逗号隔开，表示强调。She went to the bookstore to buy some book

17、s.1.Its time _ the weather report. Turn on the radio, please.A. to B. in C. at D. for2.Its time for home now.(改为同义句)_Its time for +名词名词 “到了到了的时间的时间” 简略表达简略表达 Time forIts time to so sth. 到了做某事的时间了到了做某事的时间了 Its time for school.= Time for school. Its time to have dinner.=Its time for dinner.1.-Its a fi

18、ne day today. How about_?-Sounds great!A .go hiking B. go to hike C. going hiking D. to go to hike2.-_ playing basketball? - Its a good idea.A .How about B. What C. What D. WhichWhat/How about? 怎么样？怎么样？用于询问情况，征求意见或提出意用于询问情况，征求意见或提出意见。见。 about是介词，其后可以接名词，代是介词，其后可以接名词，代词或词或V. ing.What/How about tomorr

19、ow? What/How about buying a book for her?否定转移：否定转移：1.我认为你的答案不对。（翻译）_.2.我认为他不会按时到校。（翻译）_.3.我认为这不是一个好主意。（翻译）_.否定转移：1）英语中，当主语为第一人称，think，believe等动词后的宾语从句为否定句时，要将否定句转移到主句中，即主语的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式，这种语法现象叫做否定转移。2）翻译成汉语时，要注意将否定的意义）翻译成汉语时，要注意将否定的意义还原到从句中去。还原到从句中去。I dont think that Tom will come to his par

20、ty. 我认为珍妮不会来参加他的聚会。I dont think he is right. 我认为他不对。bring, take与与get:1.Next time dont forget to （ ）me the story book. 下次别忘了给我带故事书。2.Please ( ) the letter to the post office. 请把信带到邮局去投递。3.( ) the box away，please 请把这个男孩带走。4.Go and ( ) some water.去取些水来。5. My books are upstairs; will you them down?我的书在楼

21、上， 你可以把它们给我拿下来吗？6.Well the students to the middle school我们将带学生到中学去。1)bring 把某物或某人从某处带到说话人处。 “带来,拿来” Bring sb. sth.= bring sth. to sb. Remember to bring me the pictures. = Remember to bring the pictures to me.2)take 把某人或某物从说话人处带到别处。 “带走，拿走” take away 把带走 My father will take me to Shanghai.3)get 去某处将某

22、人或某物带到说话人处。 “去取，去带来” Please get some paper for me.borrow, lend 和和 keep：1.-Can I _your bike? -With pleasure. But you mustnt_ it to others.A .lend, borrow B. borrow, lend C. lend, lend D. borrow, borrow2. Could you _ me your dictionary? I want to find the meaning of this new word.A. keep B. lent C. bo

23、rrow D. lend3.I can _ you my dictionary, but you can _ it for only a week.A. borrow; borrow B. lend; borrow C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep4.You can _ this book for two weeks. But you have to return it on time.A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. keepborrow, lend 和和 keep：1）borrow 指从别处或向别人借东西，指从别处或向别人借东西，对主语而言

24、对主语而言“借入借入”。 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物向某人借某物 He borrowed a book from the dictionary.2) lend 指把自己的东西借给别人，对主指把自己的东西借给别人，对主语而言语而言“借出借出”。 Lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 把某物借把某物借给某人给某人 I lent my bike to him yesterday.= I lent him my bike yesterday.3)keep 指借用某物一段时间，指借用某物一段时间， 意为意为“借借，持有，持有”。 You can ke

25、ep the book for two weeks.4)口诀：口诀： “借借”看持有者，看持有者，“借出借出”用用lend，“借入借入”用用borrow。如果用如果用keep，表示，表示“借多久借多久”。in front of 和和in the front of:1.-why are you standing, Alice? -I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A .behind B. next to C. between D. in front of2.The driver is_ the ca

26、r.A. behind B. in the front of C. in front of D. at the back of3. The tree is _ the house.A. behind B. in the front of C. in front of D. at the back of4. Lucy sits_ Tom.A. behind B. in the front of C. between D. at the back of5. There is a big map_ the classroom.A. behind B. in front of C. between D

27、. at the back ofin front of 和和in the front of:1)in front of 指在某人或某物的前面指在某人或某物的前面 意为意为“在在的前面的前面” 反义词：反义词：behind “在在的后面的后面” There is a car in front of the house.2)in the front of 指在某一事物的内部的指在某一事物的内部的前面前面 意为意为“在在的前部的前部” 反义词：反义词：at the back of “在在的后部的后部” There is a desk in the front of the classroom.alo

28、ne 与与lonely:1.His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel.A. lonely, alone B. alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone2. Though his grandmother lives _, she never feels _.A. lonely, lonely B. alone, alone C. alone, lonely D. lonely, alone3.Mr. Green was out. His little son Da

29、vid stayed at home _, but he didnt feel_.A. lonely, alone B. alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alonealone 与与lonely:1)alone (adj.) 独自的，单独的 作表语 （adv.）独自地，单独地 作状语2）lonely (adj.) 孤单的，寂寞的，荒凉的，偏僻的 作定语和表语He was alone in the room.My uncle came alone.The old man always feels very lonely.look短语：短语：用lo

30、ok短语填空What are you _?Please _the blackboard.She _ her mother.He is old enough to _himself.Please _the new words in the dictionary.有关有关look的短语：的短语：1）look for 寻找寻找 What are you looking for?2)look at 看看 Please look at the blackboard.3)look like 看起来像看起来像 She looks like her mother.4)look after 照顾照顾 He is

31、 old enough to look after himself.5)look up (在字典中在字典中)查找查找 Please look up the new words in the dictionary. look for, find与与find out:1.-What are you _? - I am looking for my pen but I cant _ it.A .look for, find B. looking for, find C. finding, look for D. find, looking for2.He finally _ the difficult question by hours of hard work.A. find B. find out C. look for D. found outlook for, find与与find out:1)look for “寻找寻找”， 是有意识，有目地寻是有意识，有目地寻找，强调找，强调“寻找寻找”这一动作。这一动作。Can you look for the pen for me?2)find “找到，发现找到，发现”， 找到或者发现