Unit10Theworldaroundus精品文档(000002)

1、unit 10 the world around usunit10theworldaroundus一、重点词汇.furn.毛皮，毛，软毛afurcoat皮大衣；afinefoxfur一张好的狐皮。2.junglen.热带丛林（atropicalforesttoothicktowalkthrougheasily）jungleanimals丛林动物；thejungleofbusiness错综复杂的商业界3.wolfn.狼（awildanimalofthedogfamilywhichhuntsotheranimalsinagroup）awolfinsheepsclothing披着羊皮的狼4.gira

2、ffen.长颈鹿（anafricananimalwithaverylongneckandlegsandorangeskinwithdarkspots）5.tourn.&v.旅行；旅历；旅游makearound-the-worldtour作环球旅行goonatour进行观光游览beontour在巡回演出tourtheworld周游世界6.actvt.&vi.扮演；担当；表演；表现heactedhispartwell.他扮演的那个角色很成功。heactedashosttovisitors.他以主人身份接待来客。thinkbeforeyouact!三思而后行！doesthedrugt

3、akelongtoact?这药要很久才能起作用吗？7.measuren.)计量单位ameterisameasureoflength.2)措施；办法theytookstrongmeasuresagainstdangerousdrivers.他们对危害公众的司机采取强硬的措施。vt,vi量；测量；计量mothermeasuredmetoseewhatsizeofdressishouldhave.母亲给我量尺寸，好知道我该穿多大号的衣服。imeasuredthecoatagainstherandfounditwastoolong.我把外衣在她身上量了一下，发觉太长了8.originaladj.最初的

4、；最早的；原始的whowastheoriginalownerofthishouse?谁是这座房子最早的主人？theoriginalownerofthehousewasthedukeofwellington.这房子本来的主人是威灵顿公爵。thisistheoriginalpainting,andtheseothersarecopies.这画是原作，其他的是复制品。9.batteryn.电池ourbuswontstartbecausethebatteryisflat.我们的大客车发动不起来了，因为电池坏了。0.devotevt.奉献将（某人的时间、精力或自己）完全奉献给某项特别的活动、事业、目标或

5、某个人entirelytoaparticularactivity,pursuit,cause,orperson.)hedevotedallhistimetohisjob.他把他的全部时间都用在工作上了。thismagazineisdevotedtoscience.这个杂志专门刊载科技。afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.退休后,他将要致力于园艺。everybodyknowsthatourdirectorisverydevotedtohiswife.人人都知道我们的厂长对妻子十分忠诚。hedevotedagreatsumofmoney

6、tobooks.他们花了一大笔钱买书。monadj.)共同的；共通的；联合的；公共的acommoncup公用杯子2)常见的；常有的snowiscommonincoldcountries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。3)普通的；熟悉的thecommonman普通人thehumorousjokeiscommonproperty.这个幽默笑话大家都知道。4)低俗的；质劣的；粗鄙的idontlikehim,forhesascommonasmuck.;hesascommonasdirt.他这人粗俗不堪,我不喜欢他。2.valuableadj.值钱的；贵重的;有价值的avaluablediamond.贵重的宝

7、石;valuableinformation;valuableadvice.重大的消息；重要的建议;avaluablefriend.令人钦佩的朋友n.常用复贵重物品marykepthervaluablesinasafe.玛丽把她的贵重东x藏在保险箱里。3.reducev.缩减，减轻减少，如在范围、数量上或程度上减少；降低theyvereducedthepricesintheshop,soitsagoodtimetobuy.商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候。（与to连用）减少至thefirereducedtheforesttoafewtrees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几颗树。（与t

8、o连用）变为，化为toreducetherockstodust把石块碎成粉末（与to连用）强迫；迫使shewasreducedtobegging.她被迫乞讨。4.respondv.回答，答复iofferedhimadrinkbuthedidntrespond.我请他喝酒，但他未作回答。5.amountn.数量largeamountsofmoneyvi（与to连用）等于；总计；合计；总计达theirtravelingexpensesamounttosevenhundreddollars.他们的旅费共达700美元。大量的金钱hisdebtsamounttoover$3000.他的欠债总数已达三千多

9、美元。6.packagen.包；包袱；包裹；包装largepackagesaresometimesleftbesidethedoor.大的包裹有时就放在大门旁边。apackageofcigarettes一包香烟7.harmfuladj.有害的；能造成损害的smokingcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.吸烟对身体有害。8.flatadj.平的；平直的theearthisround,notflat.地球是圆的，不是平的。thatbuildinghasaflatroof.那座建筑物有一个平顶。单调的；乏味的everythingseemssoflatsincerobertleft.罗

10、伯特走后一切都显得乏味。9.materialn.材料，原料事物用或能用其制造的物质rubberisawidelyusedmaterial.橡胶是一种广泛使用的原料。20.attractiveadj.有吸引力的theideaisveryattractive.那个想法很吸引人。21.organizev.组织；构成，组成janeorganizedtheparty.sheaskedpeopletocomeandboughtthefoodanddrinks.简组织了这个聚会。她请大家参加，并买了食品和饮料22.briefadj短暂的；简短的abriefletter一封短信tobebrief,wecant

11、acceptsuchharshterms.简单地说,我们不能接受这样苛刻的条件。inbrief简单地说；简明扼要的inbriefhesaysno他简短地说了一个不字。二、重点词组.indanger处于险境，反义短语为beoutofdanger。realfriendsshouldhelpeachotherwhentheyareindanger.真正的朋友应当在危难之时彼此帮助。thepatienthasbeenoutofdanger.这个病人已脱离危险。比较：bedangerous“危险的，有危害的”。mumtoldmetkeepawayfromdavidwhowasdangerous.妈妈让我

12、远离大卫这个危险人物。2.dieout)nolongerhaveanymembersleftalive（指家族、物种等）死灭绝thehabitatofthespeciesisbeingdestroyedandhasnearlydiedout.这一物种因栖息地遭到破坏，几乎灭绝了。2)nolongerbecommon（指习俗、做法、观念等）消失过时theoldtraditionsaredyingout.旧传统正在消失。3)toloseforceorpower（指火）熄灭ittookalongtimebeforethebigfirediedout.过了很长一段时间那场大火才渐渐熄灭。3.asare

13、sult因此;结果asaresult,thereisoftentroubleinamericanfamilies.因此,美国家庭中常常会出现麻烦事。4.leadto.导致,通向thepathleadstothevillage.这条小路通到那村庄。5.takemeasures“采取措施”thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestodealwithsars.政府已采取措施来对付“非典”。6.adapttosth/adaptoneselftosth适应（新环境等）。例如：generallyspeaking,thespeciesthatareabletoadapttothechang

14、eoftheenvironmentwillsurvive,whiletheotherswilldieout.一般来说，能够适应环境变化的物种会继续生存下去；而那些适应性差的物种就灭绝。whenyouareabroad,youmustfindwaystoadaptyourselftothecultureandcustomthere.你到国外后，要设法使自己适应那里的文化和风俗习惯。adapt改编、改写thefilmfarewellmyconcubinewasadaptedfromthenovelofthesametitlebyhongkongnovelistlibihua.电影霸王别姬是根据香港

15、作家李碧华的同名长篇小说改编的。7.devote（oneself/sth）to（sb/sth）致力于、把奉献给、把.专用于。例如：hehasdevotedhiswholelifetoscience.他把一身都献给了科学事业。devotedadj.)忠实的，慈爱的，恩爱的sheisadevotedwifeandmother.她是位贤妻良母。2)献身的,专心于的,专用于的,热心的。thenewlymarriedcouplelivingnextdoortousaredevotedtosports.住在我们隔壁的那对新婚夫妇非常喜欢体育运动。themagazineisdevotedtoscience.

16、这本杂志专门刊载科技。8.throwaway白白放过；放弃；丢掉thisisyourlastchance;dontthrowitaway.这是你最后的机会了，别失去了。allhiseffortswerethrownaway.他的一切努力都白废了。三、重点句型.wehumanbeingscouldnotsurvivewithoutalltheplantsandanimalsaroundus.没有周围的动物和植物，我们人类就无法生存。介词短语without在这里表示假设条件，相当于iftherewerenoplantsoranimalsaroundus.有时虚拟条件不用从句而用介词短语来表示。例如

17、：withoutherhelp,thepolicecouldnthavesucceededinsolvingthemysteryinsuchashorttime.如果没有她的帮助，警察不可能在这么短的时间内破了这个疑案。butforthestorm,wecouldhavearrivedhereearlier.要不是那场暴风雨，我们早就到这里了。wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavorableconditions.在更有利的条件下我们还可以做得更好。2.ifweknowmoreaboutwhatcausesendangerment,wemaybeabletotake

18、measuresbeforeitistoolate.如果我们能更多地了解致使生物濒危的原因，就能及时采取补救措施。before趁.（还没有）。例如：theyarethinkingofbuyingthehousebeforethepricesgoup.他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。ifyoudontlikethepresentjob,isuggestyoulookforanotheronebeforeitistoolate.如果你不喜欢目前的工作，我建议你趁早另谋出路。3.aspeciescanbecomeendangeredfordifferentreasons.物种濒临危险有各种原因

19、。endanger危害、危及（某人/某事物）；使遭到危险。例如：thepollutedairinthecityisbadlyendangeringthehealthofthepeople.城市中被污染的空气严重地危及人民的健康。drunk-drivingcannotonlycausetrafficaccidents,butalsoendangerthelivesofpedestrians.酒后驾车不仅会造成交通事故，而且会危害到行人的生命。第一阶梯直接引语变间接引语练习题.heasked_forthecomputer.a.didipayhowmuchb.ipaidhowmuchc.howmuc

20、hdidipayd.howmuchipaid2.“haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.heaskedme_.a.hadiseenthefilmb.haveiseenthefilmc.ifihaveseenthefilmd.whetherihadseenthefilm3.“pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.he_me_thewindow.a.saidto;tocloseb.toldto;closingc.asked;toclosed.saidto;pleaseclose4.“iamateacher,”jacksaid.hesaid_.a.t

21、hatiamateacherb.iwasateacherc.thatheisateacherd.hewasateacher5.hesaid,“mother,theboyisverynaughty.”he_-verynaughty.a.saidhismotherthattheboywasb.saidtohismotherthattheboyisc.toldhismotherthattheboywasd.spoketohismotherthattheboywas6.“youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.sheasked_.a.ifihavealready

22、gotwell,hadntyoub.whetherihadalreadygotwellc.haveialreadygotwelld.hadialreadygotwell.7.heasked,“areyouapartymemberoraleaguemember?”heaskedme_.a.amiapartymemberoraleaguememberb.wasiapartymemberoraleaguememberc.ifiwasapartymemberoraleaguememberd.whetherwasiapartymemberoraleaguemember.8.heasked,“howare

23、yougettingalong?”heasked_.a.howamigettingalongb.howareyougettingalongc.howiwasgettingalongd.howwasigettingalong9.heaskedme_withme.a.whatthematterisb.whatthematerwasc.whatsthematterd.whatwasthematter0.hesaid,“dontdothatagain.”he_me_thatagain.a.saidtome;nottodob.saidtome;dontdoc.toldme;dontdod.toldme;

24、nottodo答案与简析：1.d宾语从句要用陈述句语序。2.d一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句.3.c直接引语为祈使句,变间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask,tell,order,invite,warn,advise等,而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advisesb.todosth.4.d直接引语为陈述句,变间接引语时用that引导。5.c6.b反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。7.c选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。8.c直接引语为特殊疑问句,变间

25、接引语时,用特殊疑问词引导,并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9.d注意时态的一致。what作主语，thematter（=wrong）作表语。0.d参看3。第二阶梯阅读下列句子，判断正确与错误，并将错句改正：1.hehasdevotedallhislifetoprotecttherareanimal,southchinatiger.2.thenumberofthemiludeerhavegrownyearbyyear.3.manyoftherareanimalsandplantsarenowinthedanger.4.doyoupreferlivinginthewildtoliveinthezoo

26、?5.infact,natureisfarbetterforrecyclingthanwehumansare.6.thegoodnewsisthatitisalotwecandotohelp.7.heisnotusedtoliveinthebigcity.8.theanimalhasadaptedtotheirnewenvironment.9.weshouldtakemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.10.manytheearthsplantsandanimalshavealreadydiedout.答案与简析：.protect改为protecting,to为介词

27、,后加动名词。2.have改为has，主语thenumber，谓语用单数。3.去theindanger为固定短语。4.live改为living，to为介词,后加动名词。5.for改为atbetterat为固定短语。6.it改为there，从句为therebe句型。7.live改为living，to为介词,后加动名词。8.their改为its，代词应与主语theanimal保持一致。9.right0.many后加of。第三阶梯书面表达假如你是班长，为组织同学展览向全班作口头通知，主要内容如下：.展览名称及简介：“大自然的教训”，展览生动而富有教育意义。它以大量的生物图片告诫人们保持生态平衡的重要

28、性。2.时间与地点：星期五下午二点半，少年宫。3.有关事宜：凡去参观的同学，今天下午在班长处预定门票，票价5角并准备好钱。4.字数：100字左右。参考答案:dearclassmates,mayihaveyourattention,please?therewillbeanexhibitionatthechildrenspalace.wearegoingtovisititat2:30thisafternoon.theexhibitioniscalled“alessonfromnature”.itisnotonlyinterestingbutalsoinstructive.thereareagrea

29、tmanypicturesontheexhibition.thepictureswarnushowimportantitistokeepthebalanceofnature.thosewhowanttogoandvisititpleaseletmeknowandplaceanorderforthetickets.eachticketisfivejiao.bytheway,getyourmoneyready.thatsall.thankyou.五、习题解答阅读课文,完成下面短文,每空一词atpresent,manyoftheearthsspecieshaved_1_out,andothersar

30、ee_2_.animalsandplantsmusthaveac_3_andcleanhabitat,w_4_thereisenoughfoodandotherresources.whentheenvironmentischangedord_5_,theyhavetoeithera_6_tothechangeorfindanewhome.whenanewspeciesistoostrong,someo_7_speciesmaybeindanger.withoutallthelivingthingsaroundus,wehumanbeingscouldnots_8_.thereforewesho

31、uldtakem_9_tokeepanimalsandplantsf_10_becomingendangered.答案：fortable4.where5.destroyed6.adapt7.original8.survive9.measures10.from自测题i.单项选择.what_her_us?a.stopped,tojoininb.kept,joiningc.kept,fromjoiningd.prevented,joiningin2.ihave_aftersupper.a.usedtotalkb.getusedtowalkingc.beenusedtowalkd.usedtowalk

32、ing3._ididntlikethebookbutnowido.a.atfirstb.firstofallc.forthefirsttimed.first4._icouldseeclearly,hehadcleanedtheblackboard.a.beforeb.untilc.afterd.as5.ourmathsteacherisasimpleman,whodoesnt_hisclothes.a.takecareofb.careaboutc.careford.lookafter6.is_necessarytotellhisparentseverything?a.thatb.whatc.i

33、td.this7.atpresent,heis_oflosinghisjob.a.dangerousb.inthedangerc.outofthedangerd.indanger8.willwhatyousaid_toher?a.tomakeanydifferenceb.tomakeanydifferencesc.makeanydifferenced.makeanydifferences9.inamerica,hehadtoadapthimself_theircustomsandhabits.a.withb.toc.ord.by0.wealllikemissgaobecausesheknows

34、more_us.a.ofb.xc.aboutd.from1.eitheryouori_goingtodothework.a.amb.isc.ared.willbe2.withoutelectricityhumanlife_quitedifferenttoday.a.isb.willbec.wouldhavebeend.wouldbe3.manydoctorsandnursesaredevotingthemselvesto_sars.a.fightingagainstb.fightagainstc.befightingagainstd.fightwith4.idid_icould_theblin

35、dchild.a.that,takecareofb.what,totakecareofc.all,takecareofd.everything,takecareof5._offarmlandhasbeenusedforbuilding.a.alargenumberb.alargeamountc.theamountd.thenumberii.完形填空weoftenhearpeoplesayingthattheworldisgettingsmaller.theydonotmeanthattheworldisgettingsmaller,.whattheymeanisthatwithmeansoft

36、ransport,wecannoweverypartoftheworldvery.wecancrossfromnewyorktoparisinthanhoursonaplane,andhelicopterscannowbeusedtoexploremountainsandvalleysthatweretoexploreonfoot.thereusedtobeatimewhenmanyoftheworldhadneverbeenseenorvisitedbyforeigners.thegreatforestinbrazilissothatinsomeplacesitistowalkthrough

37、them.mt.jolmolungma,theworldshighestmountainwasforthoughttobetoodangerous.butin1953anewzealandercallededmurdhillarywithhisnepalese,tenzingreachedthetopofmt.jolmolungma,andnowhugemachines,roadsarebeingcutthroughtheforestofbrazil.therewasatimewhentheworldwasverysmall.twothousandandthreehundredyearsago

38、theegyptiansandthegreeksthoughtthattheworldasitdoesonthisoldmap.theythoughttheworldwasflatandthatitwastheocean.thenmanbegantouseshipstoexploretheworld.theyfoundthattheysailedfurtherawayfromtheirhomecontinents,theworldbecame.andtheynewcountriesandcontinentsthattheydidnot.astheybuiltbiggerandbigger,th

39、eywereabletosailfurtherandfurtheraway.sotheyhavetomakenewtoshowthecountriestheyfound.todaythereareundiscoveredcountrieslefttobeputonthemap,buttherearemanynewworldstodiscoveroutin.1.a.surelybmonlyd.clearly2.a.ofcourseb.forexamplec.infactd.inall3.a.strangeb.expensivec.oldd.modern4.a.seeb.knowc.reachd.

40、call5.a.quicklyb.slowlyc.directlyd.freely6.a.moreb.lessc.fasterd.longer7.a.pleasantb.necessaryc.painfuld.difficult8.a.continentsb.countriesc.partsd.oceans9.a.farb.thickc.manyd.tall10.a.impossibleb.easyc.noused.harmful11.a.thefirsttimeb.manytimesc.thetimebeingd.alongtime12.a.tostayatb.stayingatc.tocl

41、imbd.climbing13.a.guideb.teacherc.leaderd.researcher14.a.forb.fromc.withd.without15.a.sob.butc.ford.on16.a.watchedb.remainedc.feltd.looked17.a.aroundb.betweenc.amongd.in18.a.sinceb.beforec.becaused.as19.a.smallerb.biggerc.richerd.morebeautiful20.a.developedb.builtc.discoveredd.ruled21.a.askforb.know

42、aboutc.belongtod.thinkabout22.a.busesb.machinesc.carsd.ships23.a.mapsb.signsc.placesd.paintings24.a.manyb.afewc.nod.any25.a.thedistanceb.notimec.spaced.sightiii.阅读理解a.americansusemorewaterthananyotherpeopleintheworld.ifwecontinuetousewaterattheratewedonow,wewillsoonnothaveenoughtomeetourneeds.in1980

43、,40billiongallonswereusedeachdayintheunitedstates.in1990,700billiongallonswereused.theaverageamericansusesalmost90gallonsofwateradayforpersonaluse.andmuchmovewaterisneededtomakethethingsamericanpeopleliketohave.forexample,ittakesthousandsofgallonsofwatertomakeonepoundofbeefforthedinnertable.ittakesm

44、orethan100,000gallonsofwatertomakeacar.ifweincludetheseusesofwater,theaverageamericanusesaboutxxgallonsofwateraday.thebesttitleforthepassageis_.a.wateruseintheunitedstatesb.theproblemofwaterusec.wateruseintheworldd.wateruseinthetwentiethcentury2.ittakes_watertomakeacarthantomakeonepoundbeef.a.muchb.

45、morec.lessd.fewer3.americansused_gallonsofwatereachdayin1990.a.40billionb.90billionc.700billiond.200billion4.whichisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?_a.americansmayrunshortofwaterinthefuture.b.americansusemorewaterthanever.c.americansuseasmuchwaterastheyusedto.d.themorethingsamericansliketohave,themorew

46、aterisneeded.5.whatistheauthorsopinion?_a.americansdonthaveenoughwater.b.americansdontuseenoughwater.c.americansliketousewater.d.americansusetoomuchwater.b.airpollutionairpollutioniscausedbymanythings.greatcloudsofsmokecomefromfactories.carssendsmokeandfumesintotheair.burningwastefillstheairwithbits

47、ofdirt.evenburningleavesaddsmoketotheair.sometimes,planescannotfindtheirlandingspotsthroughsmoke.smokeofallkindsisbadtobreatheandcandogreatharmtothebody.still,wecannotlivewithoutair.wemustfindawaytocleantheairwehave.intime,wemayhavefactoriesthatarerunbyatomicenergy.ourcarsmayrunonsmoke-freeelectricp

48、ower.scientistsarealsoworkingonnewwaystohelptheoilburnedbycarsfrommakingfumes.wastemaybeburnedinthesandonoceanfloors.thesechangesmightkeepouraircleanintheyearstocome.butuntilthen,manyscientistsarelookingforwaystomakeaircleanernow.6.onthewhole,thispassageisabout_.a.dirtyairb.electricpowerc.atomicenergyd.burningwaste7.