（推荐）初中名词-冠词-形容词

1、 名词1、 意义：表征事物的词。apple man bus love mood 物质名词 抽象名词 可数名词 （可以数出来的）二、名词 不可数名词 （无法或很难计数的）an apple two books five students a box of apples three bags of books不可数名词前面不能用数词，他们只有单数。如若计数，可借助量词。a cup of tea two glasses of milk 三、可数名词有单复数，如何将单数变为复数。1. 一般词尾加s。dog _ bike _2. s,x,sh,ch结尾加es。box _ watch_ brush_3. 辅

2、音字母加y结尾，去y加ies。Factory _ boy_ monkey_4. f或fe结尾，去掉f或fe加ves。shelf_ knife_5. 以o结尾的英雄爱吃意式西红柿炒土豆,复数就加es.遇到其他加s.potato _ hero_ tomato _ photo _ zoo _2 / 8可数名词变复数不规则篇1. 只有复数的名词：people clothes trousers glasses2. 单复数同形的名词： 中日人 sheep 3. man-men woman-women policeman-policemen Englishman-Englishmen a man teach

3、er-two men teachers a woman doctor-two women doctors4. oo-ee tooth-_ foot-_5. child-children mouse-mice 4、 表示数量的修饰语复数名词manya few (有)few（无）Some a lot of/lots of不可数名词mucha little（有）little(无)1.I have _ books. A.much B.many C.little2. There is _ water in the glass. A.a few B.many C.a little3. There is _

4、 apples in the fridge,you need to buy some. A.many B.few C.some4. _ milk is there in the glass? A.How many B.How much C.how often 冠词an（名词第一个字母发元音）an apple, an orange,an hour an eight-year girl an honest man a a book , a useful pen1、 作用：放在名词前说明名词的情况 不定冠词 冠词 定冠词 the 特指/ 第二次提到/固定搭配 冠 词冠词分为不定冠词a, an 定冠词

5、the 及零冠词1、 不定冠词a, an：表示数量有“一”的意思，但不强调数目的概念，只用来泛指事物，说明其名称或种类。特殊用法：1）表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。Once a week three times a day half an hour four Yuan a kilo2)用于某些词组，是该词组不可缺少的组成部分。Have a good time a little a few in a word(总之) have a rest take a walk have a look2、定冠词的用法l）特指某人或某物。如：The book on the desk is mine2）指

6、双方都知道的人或事物。如：Where are the new books，Jim？3）第一次提到某人某物，第二次以后再次提到时则用定冠词。如：There is an old woman standing there. The old woman looked worried.4）用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。如：the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc.5）用在序数词前面表示顺序。On the fifth floor6) 用在形容词和副词的最高级前。He is the tallest of us.7)用在某些建筑物名词前。如：the White H

7、ouse, the Great Wall8)用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。如：the Greens格林一家, the Blacks, etc.9）用在乐器名词前。如：the piano, the violin, etc.10）用在形容词前，表示复数意义的某一类人或事物。如：the old老人, the young年轻人，the poor穷人,the rich富人, the blind盲人, the wounded伤员etc.11）用在表示方向位置的名词前。如：in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc.12）用在某些习惯用

8、语中。如：in the morning, by the way, look the same, etc.3、零冠词的用法1)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。如this, my, whose, some, no，each, every等。如：I want this book, not that one.2)专有名词(国名、人名)、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前。如：China，water，air, etc3）球类棋类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前。如：We have English every day Play football/chess have breakfast/l

9、unch/supper4)节日、星期、月份、季节等名词前。如：Childrens Day May Day Monday January autumn 5)复数名词前一般不用定冠词。There are trees and flowers around the house.6)某些固定词组或习惯用语中。如：at home,at night, on duty, in hospital, learn by heart记住, by bus, etc.形容词一般变化规则：1. +er或 +est strong-stronger-strongest2. 以e结尾的+r或+st nice-nicer-nicest3. 元音字母+辅音结尾的 双写末尾的辅音字母+er或 +est Big-bigger-biggest slim-slimmer-slimmest4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i，再加er或est Early-earlier-earliest不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/ furthestoldolder