辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2018-2019学年高二英语12月月考试题（含解析）

1、沈阳铁路实验中学20182019学年度上学期第二次月考高二英语时间：100分钟 满分：120分本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第卷第一部分: 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AReal SimpleFirst Issue: 2000Published: MonthlyReal Simple is a lifestyle title owned by Time, Inc. This magazine c

2、overs topics from decorating and dieting to childcare and product guides. Like many lifestyle magazines, Real Simple is written with women in mind, but that doesnt mean men cant get something out of it! This one is especially good for people who like to organize and simplify their lives. As the titl

3、e implies, simple, authentic(真实的)living is the magazines main theme.Better Homes and GardensFirst Issue: 1922Published: MonthlyBetter Homes and Gardens is a household name when it comes to lifestyle magazines. Its been around since 1922, so the title has a long history of providing high quality, use

4、ful content. Decorating and gardening, as the title suggests, are common topics in the magazine, but it is also known for its excellent recipes.Womans DayFirst Issue: 1937Published: MonthlyIf youre looking for a magazine that combines lifestyle and fashion content, Womans Day might be a good choice.

5、 It has a readership of over 3 million women across the United States. Some of its unique characteristics include its focus on traditional values and its commitment to giving women realistic advice. Many magazines feature lifestyles that are out of reach for the majority of American families, but Wo

6、mans Day tries to give practical advice and suggestions that its real-world readers can put into practice.Taste of HomeFirst Issue: 1993Published：Bi-monthlyFor people who want a magazine thats entirely about cooking, recipes, nutrition, and other food-related content, Taste of Home has been a popula

7、r choice all the time. It has an unusually rich history of giving its readers what they want. The magazine only started including advertisement in 2007, before which it was advertisement-free. Now the magazine is doing pretty well financially(财政上).1. We can learn from the text that _.A. Real Simple

8、is designed mainly for womenB. all the four magazines are popular around the worldC. most of the magazines just give practical suggestionsD. Better Homes and Gardens sells best of the four magazines2. If Toms mother is interested in fashion, her favorite magazine might be _.A. Real Simple B. Better

9、Homes and GardensC. Womans Day D. Taste of Home3. What do we know about Taste of Home?A. Its popularity has been going down in recent years. B. it offers suggestions about childcare.C. There are no ads in it. D. All of its content is food-related.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了返璞归真、美好家园、妇女之日和家的滋味

10、等四本杂志。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Real Simple is written with women in mind”可知，返璞归真主要是为女性设计的，故A项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If youre looking for a magazine that combines lifestyle and fashion content, Womans Day might be a good choice. ”可知，妇女之日是对时尚感兴趣的人的首选，故C项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For people who want a magazin

11、e thats entirely about cooking, recipes, nutrition, and other food-related content, Taste of Home has been a popular choice all the time.”可知，家的滋味是与烹饪、食谱、营养和其他食品相关的杂志，其内容都和食物有关，故D项正确。BMany of us live with a roommate at some stage. Sometimes, there can be problems. Who hasnt had an argument about whos

12、e turn it is to take out the rubbish or who should be the one to clear up after dinner? However, living with another person also comes with many benefits.You know that theres always someone else around, which can help you feel safer. There is always someone to talk to, so you never feel lonely. Besi

13、des these obvious benefits, there are some you may not notice. For example, were actually more likely to eat healthier food when living with others.To examine the effect of living alone, Australian university researchers did much research and found that people living alone tended to eat less fresh f

14、ood, which can have a significant negative effect on long-term health. However, those living with others generally benefited from a more varied diet compared to those living alone.What could explain these findings? The researchers believe the social and cultural roles played by cooking, food prepara

15、tion and eating may be important considerations. For example, those living with friends have someone else to go shopping with, and thus are likely to buy higher-quality fresh food regularly.Cooking skills may be another factor. If people living alone find they do not have the knowledge required to p

16、repare a particular dish or cook a certain food,they may fall back on ready-made, less healthy food. However, if they live with at least one other person, they may be able to ask for help.In addition, people living alone can eat whatever they want at any time of the day or night. However, its helpfu

17、l to have someone around who questions your decision to eat frozen pizza at 3 am. In other words, roommates can draw your attention to unhealthy routines.So,if you now live alone and find yourself fighting a losing battle against poor eating habits, why not consider sharing a home with someone else?

18、 You could encourage one another on to greater health and well-being.4. The author uses the first paragraph to _.A. introduce the topic of the text B. remind readers of their roommatesC. show the problems of living with others D. recall the experience of sharing a room5. The second paragraph is main

19、ly about _.A. The reasons for living with others B. the benefits of having a roommateC. the way of dealing with a roommate D. the importance of communicating with others6. The underlined phrase”fall back on” in Paragraph 5 means_.A. hunt for B. cut down onC. depend on D. give up7. What is the main p

20、urpose of this text?A. To explain why roommate have arguments.B. To tell readers every coin has two sides.C. To encourage people to have a roommate.D. To persuade people to develop healthy eating habits.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了和室友一起住有很多好处，作者鼓励大家找一个室友共同生活，可以鼓励彼此更加将康和幸福。【4题详解】篇章结构题。根据第一

21、段内容，特别是“However, living with another person also comes with many benefits.”可知，作者用第一段来引出文章话题和室友一起住有很多好处，故A项正确。【5题详解】段落大意题。根据第二段内容，特别是“Besides these obvious benefits, there are some you may not notice.”可知，本段主要讲的是有一个室友的好处，故B项正确。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“If people living alone find they do not have the knowle

22、dge required to prepare a particular dish or cook a certain food”可知，如果单独生活的人不会烹饪的话只能依靠那些现成的、不健康的食物，由此可知画线词词义为“依靠”，故C项正确。【7题详解】作者意图题。文章主要介绍了有一个室友的好处，再结合最后一段中的“why not consider sharing a home with someone else?”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是鼓励大家找一个室友共同生活，故C项正确。CWe know that our pet dogs and cats can recognize our fa

23、ces, but our pet fish? A team of scientists from the UK and Australia have discovered that archer-fish(喷水鱼) can distinguish human faces!This marks the first time that a species of fish has shown such an ability. Such abilities have been previously shown in birds, but unlike fish, they have been prov

24、en to possess structures similar to the neocortex(大脑新皮层), the researchers added.“Being able to distinguish between a large number of human faces is a surprisingly difficult task, ” Dr Newport said, “mainly due to the fact that all human faces share the same basic features.”During their experiments,

25、Dr Newport and her colleagues presented archerfish with two images of human faces, and trained them to choose one by spitting jets(喷射流)of water at that picture. Next, the fish were presented with the familiar face and several that were unfamiliar, and were able to correctly pick the one that they ha

26、d been trained to recognize, even when features such as head shape and color were removed from the selected pictures.In the first experiment, the archerfish were tasked with picking the previously learned face from a group of 44 new ones, which they did with 81 percent accuracy. In the second, the r

27、esearchers decided to make things a little harder. They took the pictures and made them black and white and evened out (使平均) the head shapes. You would think that would throw the fish for a loop. But no, they were able to pick the familiar face even thenand with more accuracy: 86%!“Fish have a simpl

28、er brain than humans and entirely lack the section of the brain that humans use for recognizing faces. Despite this, fish may still be capable of finding the face they are trained to recognize,” Dr Newport said. “The fact that archerfish can learn this task suggests that complicated brains are not n

29、ecessarily needed to recognize human faces.”8. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Species B. Birds.C. Fish. D. Abilities.9. The research shows that _.A. archerfish are cleverer than other fishes.B. all fishes can be trained to recognize human faces.C. complex brains are

30、not necessary for facial recognition.D. it is very difficult for animals to recognize human faces.10. We can infer from the text that _A. archerfish have a good memory.B. archerfish can only recognize human faces.C. peoples similar physical appearance limits archerfishs facial recognition.D. archerf

31、ish can recognize the familiar face even if its head shape and color are changed.11. The text is most likely to appear in _.A. a biology textbook B. a medical reportC. a science fiction D. a science magazine【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现喷水鱼具有识别人脸的能力，这个研究结果表明了面部识别不一定需要复杂的大脑。【8题详解】代词指代题

32、。根据画线词前的“Such abilities have been previously shown in birds”可知，以前证明鸟类也有识别人脸的能力，但是不像鱼类，鸟类具有类似于大脑新皮层的结构，由此可知，they指代的是前面提到的鸟类，故B项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The fact that archerfish can learn this task suggests that complicated brains are not necessarily needed to recognize human faces.”可知，研究结果表明面部识别不一定需要复

33、杂的大脑，故C项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They took the pictures and made them black and white and evened out the head shapesthey were able to pick the familiar face even thenand with more accuracy: 86%!”可知，即使改变头部形状和颜色，喷水鱼也能识别出熟悉的人脸，而且准确率高达86%，故D项正确。【11题详解】文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究发现喷水鱼具有识别人脸的能力，这个研究结果表明了面部识别不一定需

34、要复杂的大脑，属于科学研究范畴，文章最有可能出自科学杂志，故D项正确。DTwo hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote “I wander d Lonely as a Cloud”, a poem that expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism.What makes this poem an example of Romantic thinking? It isnt just that Wordsworth chooses to write ab

35、out natural scene：it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human emotions. For him, nature is not only a neutral (无感情色彩的) mixture of scenery, colours, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a living force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to educate us human be

36、ings by showing us the beauty of life.Wordsworths home, Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden which William planted with wild flowers and which survived in his backyard even after they disappeared from the area “He always s

37、aid that if he hadnt been a poet, he would have been a wonderful scenery gardener,” says Allan King of the Wordsworth Trust.The place near Ullswater, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils(水仙花), is at the southernmost end of the lake. The lake is wide and calm at this turning point. Theres a bay where t

38、he trees have had their soil eroded(侵蚀)by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed. You walk along from tree to tree, hardly daring to breathe, because you are walking in the footprints of William from two centuries ago. The first group of daffodils appear, but they arent tall yellow tr

39、umpets(小号状的花)proudly swinging in the gentle wind. Theyre tiny wild daffodils, most of them still green and unopened, in groups of six or seven. Theyre grouped around individual trees rather than collecting together.But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak, you realize this is what delig

40、hted Wordsworth:group after group of the things, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they form a beautiful, pale-yellow carpet. What youre seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and imagination.12. What was Wordsworths attitude to nature?A. Nature had

41、a character of its own. B. Nature could talk to people.C. Man could influence nature. D. Nature was human-like.13. We can learn from the text that Dove Cottage_.A. has gardens designed by a scenery gardener B. has a wide range of flowers in its gardenC. receives a lot of visitors every year D. is fa

42、mous for an actor14. In what way is the scene at the southernmost end of the lake different from Wordsworths description?A. The daffodils are fewer and smaller. B. All the daffodils are green and small.C. There are no daffodils around trees. D. There are no daffodils by the lake.15. The writer impli

43、es that the poem describes _.A. exactly what Wordsworth saw in detailB. the effect the daffodils had on WordsworthC. what Wordsworth saw around an ancient oakD. groups of daffodils on the left and on the right【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国著名诗人威廉华兹华斯的诗歌风格以及他的故居鸽子农舍的景色。【12题详解】细节理解题。

44、根据第二段中的“it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human emotions shares human pain and even tries to educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life”可知，Wordsworth认为自然像人类一样也是有情感的，故D项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wordsworths home, Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in

45、 the Lake District.”可知，鸽子农庄是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一，当然每年有很多游客，故C项正确。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“but they arent tall yellow trumpets proudly swinging in the gentle wind. Theyre tiny wild daffodils, most of them still green and unopened, in groups of six or seven.”可知，它们不是高大的黄色小号状的花，只是六七枝一组的小水仙，也就是比Wordsworth描写的更少更小，故C项正

46、确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is a living force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life.”可知，Wordsworth笔下的自然是一种能够通过向我们展示生活中的美好而教育我们的生命力，由此推知Wordsworth的诗反映了水仙花对他的影响，故B项正确。【点睛】本篇阅读理解题的第4题很有难度，文章并没有直接表明诗的内容及其影响，这就需要我们在威廉华兹华斯的诗歌

47、风格上做文章，通过第二段的介绍可知威廉华兹华斯笔下的自然是一种能够通过向我们展示生活中的美好而教育我们的生命力，由此推知他的这首诗反映了水仙花对他的影响。第二节：（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。About a year ago, I had a terribly hurtful experience where a close friend spread untruths(谎言) about me. Because I value my friendships so highly, when a friend

48、 hurts my feelings, it cuts me deeply. Perhaps its unfair for me to hold my friends to the same standard I set for myself as a friend._16_Be honest with yourself.Often times, hurtful behaviour starts off with a small thing that you forgive quickly. You love your friend and believe shed never hurt yo

49、u on purpose. _17_ And slowly you realize your friend may not be the person you thought she was when you first met her. Being honest with your own feelings will help you be honest and open with her._18_As the situation unfolded(发展), I learned more about what shed said and done. Thankfully, my cooler

50、 head won, and I realized her actions actually had nothing to do with me. I chose to let the anger go and move on with my life.Walk away and dont look back.Making the decision to leave a friendship can sometimes feel as hard as deciding to leave your marriage. _19_ But when that hole is open, you wi

51、ll soon realize that your close, real friends will close it quickly. I chose to walk away from a harmful friendship. _20_ Certainly I dont miss the hurt and pain she brought to my heart. Its her loss, really, because I am a good friend.A.Let the anger go.B.And I dont regret it for a minute.C.Expect

52、the same from your friends.D.But over time, you see a pattern of behaviour.E.A friend who has been in you life will leave a big hole.F.Once a friend hurts my feelings or breaks my trust, my heart will be broken.G.But what do you do when friends go against you to the point where youre so hurt?【答案】16.

53、 G 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何应对朋友的背叛的几点建议。【16题详解】根据本空前的“Perhaps its unfair for me to hold my friends to the same standard I set for myself as a friend”及下文的建议可知，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上文朋友背叛的话题，又要引出下文的建议，故G项（当你的朋友背叛你，使你受到伤害时，你该怎么办呢？）符合语境。【17题详解】前面说你相信你的朋友永远也不会有意伤害你，后面又说慢慢地你会发现你的朋友可能不是你

54、刚认识时候的那个人，此处说的内容应该和朋友的变化有关，故D项（随着时间的推移，你会看到一种行为模式）符合语境。【18题详解】此处为本段小标题，根据本段内容，特别是“I chose to let the anger go and move on with my life.”可知，本段讲的是关于愤怒方面的内容，故A项（发泄你的愤怒）符合语境。【19题详解】本空后“But when that hole is open, you will soon realize that your close, real friends will close it quickly.”中的that hole暗示此处应

55、该提到a hole，故E项（你生活中的朋友会给你留下一个漏洞）符合语境。【20题详解】根据本空前的“I chose to walk away from a harmful friendship.”及本空后的“Certainly I dont miss the hurt and pain she brought to my heart.”可知，此处应该还是讲自己的做法或感受，故B项（我一点都不后悔）符合语境。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，上下文的暗示是解题的重要线索，而特指就是这些重要线索之一，如果空格处后的句子出现一个用定冠词或this ,that修饰的名词，那么就暗示空格处应该会出现这个名词

56、，例如本篇第4题，空格后的that hole暗示此处应该提到a hole，由可知答案。第二部分: 完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In 2003 I started my work at my local animal shelters Adoption Department. Over the years, more than 50,000 animals have _21_ the doors of the shelter. Most of

57、 them, I do not remember. But occasionally there are animals who _22_ me so deeply that I could never possibly _23_ them. Tabby was one such animal.Tabby was an old dog, about 14 years old. Whats more, she was blind and deaf. Tabbys chances at adoption seemed _24_ at best. After all, we didnt have may adopters coming in_25_about her. We had all thought that Tabby would _26_ the rest of her life at the shelter.