【原创】高考英语写作之概要写作-优质课

1、Summary Writing概要写作概要写作Summary WritingBy the end of this class, you are expected to.1)understand the standard for a good summary and know how to write one;2)have the awareness of developing your abilities to get the key points of a text and rewrite them.3)learn to how to praise childrenObjectives:评分

2、标准概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。 1 1）理解准确，）理解准确，涵盖全部要点涵盖全部要点 2 2）准确使用准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇相应的语法结构和词汇 3 3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑结构紧凑 4 4）完全使用自己的语言完全使用自己的语言 评分细则评分细则CONTENTSWhat is a summary?A summary is a shortened passage which keeps the important information of the original in your o

3、wn words but without your opinion.A summaryA brief writingConcise !1Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the authors purpose.Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part.Determine & Divide 3Add some transitional words to make the passage smooth.Check the summa

4、ry.(tense, spell, etc.)Add & Check2Highlight the key information.Rewrite the same meaning .(using your own words, phrases or structures)Highlight & RewriteSummary StepsPart 2. PresentationPart 2. Presentation1.Skills of Reading for key points1.Skills of Reading for key points提炼（删除细节、删除具体例子、避提炼（删除细节、

5、删除具体例子、避免重复）整合免重复）整合Why is work good for health？ It is because work keeps people busy，away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy，worried and solitary when they have nothing to do. Instead，the happiest are those who are busy. Besides，work gives one the sense of fulfillment(满足感）满足感

6、） and a sense of achievement(成就感）成就感）. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students progress，they are happy beyond words. Tips:注意首句，尾句，答句及转折词后的句子。1）get the main idea of each parag

7、raph and underline the topic sentence 2）get the key supporting details and underline them While sports are for fun, it does not mean that they are not important to peoples life. Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？ It is because they enjoy the games, and they are willing t

8、o pay to watch the performances. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. Some sports stars get honor for their country, and their countrymen are proud of them. They do good to the peoples mental health. (用下划线中心论点和次要点用下划线中心论点和次要点 ） Why 表示结果表示结果(enjoy the games为为key points，几个，几个be

9、cause后是次要点后是次要点( exciting,get honor, do good to 2）get the key supporting details and underline them While sports are for fun, it does not mean that they are not important to peoples life. Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？ It is because they enjoy the games, and they are

10、 willing to pay to watch the performances. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. Some sports stars get honor for their country, and their countrymen are proud of them. They do good to the peoples mental health.Summary: We appreciate the games for they make our life exciting an

11、d they are good for our mind.Tip -When writing, connect all points brieflyThe ways of rewriting:1. 正反法正反法Jack didnt pass the driving test, but he still hoped to.Though Jack failed to pass the driving test, he still hoped to.Tip:肯定句和否定句互换The ways of rewriting:2. 词性转换法词性转换法The pollution makes people v

12、ery anxious about their living environment.People show great _anxiety_ about their living environment.Tip:形容词，名词，动词，副词之间的灵活转换The ways of rewriting:3. 同义替换法同义替换法:But more research is needed to assure its safety.However, more research is called for to ensure its security.Tip:用意义相近的词或短语替换The ways of re

13、writing:4. 句式变换法句式变换法 Parents should give children more praise.Children are given more praise. They will achieve more success.Tips:主动句和被动句转换；分词；从句（名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句）的运用；特殊句型（强调句）；with复合结构等。Children should be given more praise.When given more praise, children will achieve more success.The ways of rewri

14、ting:5 同义句替换同义句替换Shopping on the internet is becoming increasingly popular.More and more people prefer Internet shopping. Tip:用意义相近的词或短语替换Concise !1Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the authors purpose.Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part.Determine

15、& Divide 3Add some transitional words to make the passage smooth.Check the summary.(Tense, spell, etc.)Add & Check2Highlight the key information.Rewrite the same meaning .(using your own words , phrases or structures)Highlight & RewriteSummary StepsDetermine & Divide 1) The style is _ A. narration(记

16、叙文) B. exposition(说明文) C. argumentation (议论文)2) The topic is about _3) Whats the authors purpose in writing the passageA.To prove that praising children is wrong. B.To illustrate (阐明) how it is better to praise children.C.To persuade people to abandon traditional ways of praising children.D.To discu

17、ss the advantages and disadvantages of praising children.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict. By giving kids a lot of prai

18、se, parents think theyre building their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way thats insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents praise has

19、put them.Still, dont go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging gas giving too much. Kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of pr

20、aise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. We should especially recognize our childrens efforts to push themselv

21、es and work hard to achieve a goal, says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if hes out there

22、 every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be

23、given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it. the Key Pointthe Key Supporting Details.Point 1(Para1): By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think theyre building their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. ba

24、ckfire /make kids afraid to try new things or take a riskPoint 2(Para2): Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging gas giving too much. not good enough or that you dont care /see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.Point 3(Para3): Experts say that the quality of praise is more i

25、mportant than the quantity is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome/its the process not the end product that matters.Point 4(Para4): But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it. 4) Underli

26、ne the key point of each paragraph, and the key supporting details. And fill the blanks with the key words.H&RParents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents t

27、ended to be more strict. By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think theyre building their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way thats insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not bein

28、g able to stay on top where their parents praise has put them.Still, dont go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging gas giving too much. Kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for th

29、eir accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. We should especi

30、ally recognize our childrens efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.Your son may not be the bes

31、t basketball player on his team. But if hes out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish

32、 a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.Highlight the key information and rewrite要点一：overpraise , bad effects Although parents think praise will build kidsconfidence , too much pra

33、ise may result in opposite effects, discouraging them from attempting the new.要点二： inadequate praise , be equally harmfulChildren may feel depressed with the lack of praise, considering their effort unworthy.要点三：pay attention to the quality, praise the effortAccording to experts, it is the quality o

34、f praise rather than quantity that matters, which calls for parents sincerity when praising and focus on the process 要点四：to be task-specific , match the amount of effortPraise for kids need to be based on actual situation and efforts made by kids Concise !1Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the authors purpose.Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part.Determine & Divide 3Add some transitional words to make the passage smooth.Check the summary.(Tense, spell, etc.)Add & Check2High