湖南省茶陵县高中英语 Unit 2 Language Grammar and usage课件 牛津译林版必修3

1、1234 That the earth is round is a fact. Mrs. Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. My idea is that we should do it right now. I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I. 名词从句的种类名词从句的种类5II. Tell the function of the following sentences. 1. The fact that Gr

2、eat Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.da. subject b. object c. predicative d. appositive62. The question is whether it is worth doing.3. Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.4. That he will come is certain. 5. They realize that it is of great value to rec

3、ord and teach them to the younger generation.6. Why he did it wasnt quite clear.cbbaa7We can use the following question words to introduce noun clauses: what, which, who/whom, whose, when, where, why and how.III. Noun Clauses introduced by question words:8 We use a question word to introduce a noun

4、clause. The clause can function as the subject, object or predicative of the sentence.91. Where does a person come from? This will affect his or her style of speech. = Where a person comes from will affect his or her style of speech. wh-questionsubject102. Why does English have such strange rules? Y

5、ou can begin to see it!= You can begin to see why English has such strange rules!wh-questionobject113. Why does English have so many difficult rules that confuse people? That is the reason. = That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.wh-questionpredicative12 In a noun claus

6、e that is introduced by a question word, we change the word order into that of a statement. We cannot leave out the question words in noun clauses.13在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有连词连词that (that 不可省不可省)，whether；代；代词有词有who，what，which；副词；副词 when，where，how，why 等。等。IV.主语从句主语从句14e.g. _the earth moves ar

7、ound the sun is well known. 地球绕着太阳转是众所周知的事。地球绕着太阳转是众所周知的事。 _and where he was born is a question. 他何时何地出生是个问题。他何时何地出生是个问题。 _he will come or not is not known yet. 他是否回来还不知道。他是否回来还不知道。ThatWhenWhether15在复合句中作主句的宾语。在复合句中作主句的宾语。 引导词引导词有连词有连词that (that 常可省略常可省略)，whether，if；代词有；代词有who，whose，what，which；副词；副词

8、 when，where，how，why 等。等。V. 宾语从句宾语从句16e.g. We believe _he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。我们相信他是诚实的。 Can you tell _dictionary is hers? 你能告诉她哪个字典是她的吗？你能告诉她哪个字典是她的吗？ I really dont know _he is doing. 我真的不知道他在干嘛。我真的不知道他在干嘛。(that)whichwhat17在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词连词that (that 不可省不可省)，whether；代；代词有词有who，wh

9、at，which；副词；副词 when，where，how，why 等。等。VI. 表语从句表语从句18e.g. The problem is _we didnt get in touch with him. 问题是我们没有联系上他。问题是我们没有联系上他。 The question is _Henry solved the problem. 问题是亨利怎么解决这个问题的。问题是亨利怎么解决这个问题的。 His suggestion is _we (should) finish the work at once. 他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作。thathowt

10、hat19注意：注意：如果句子的主语是如果句子的主语是suggestion，advice，order 等名词时，后面引导的表语从句等名词时，后面引导的表语从句用用_+动词原形，动词原形，_可省略。可省略。shouldshould20在句中起同位语的作用。在句中起同位语的作用。 一般放在名一般放在名词词 fact，news，idea，promise，thought，suggestion等之后，用以说明等之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导词有连词或解释前面的名词。引导词有连词 that；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。VII. 同位语从句同位语从句21e.g. The

11、news _ his health is failing made us sad. 他健康状况不佳的消他健康状况不佳的消 息使我们很难过。息使我们很难过。 I have no idea _ they are spending their holidays. 我不知道他们在哪里度假。我不知道他们在哪里度假。 There is no doubt _ he will come here again. 他会再来这里，他会再来这里， 这是毫无疑问的。这是毫无疑问的。 thatwherethat22注意：注意：名词名词suggestion，advice，order等词后等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用的同

12、位语从句的谓语动词要用_+动词原形，动词原形，_可省略。可省略。shouldshould23Read the diary on Page 28 and decide what sentence element each highlighted noun clause is in its sentence. Indicate in the boxes with S s (subject), O (object) or P (predicative).Answers:1. _ 2. _ 3. _4. _ 5. _OSPOP24Read the article on Page 29 and fill

13、 in the blanks with suitable question words.Answers:1. _ 2. _ 3. _4. _ 5. _ 6. _7. _ 8. _whyWhatwhichwhyhowwhoHowWhich25 Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. a. how b. when c. that d. if2. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. a. If b. Whether c. That d. Where abChoose

14、the best answer.263. Ask her _ come with us. a. if she will b. if will she c. whether she d. whether will she4. _ we cant understand is _ he didnt join us in our discussion. a. That; why b. Which; how c. What; what d. What; whyad2728Look at the following sentences and find the real subject of each s

15、entence.1. It is important for us to learn it well.2. It is important that we should learn English well today.3. It is no use wasting your time reading such books all day.29Sometimes in English the subject of a sentence is very long, making the sentence awkward and difficult to understand. One way o

16、f making the sentence easier to understand is to use the preparatory subject it. With the preparatory subject it, the subject is moved to the end of the sentence, and it is used in its place at the start of the sentence.301. We can use it as an empty subjectA. when we use a noun clause as the subjec

17、t of a sentence.e.g. That we would not be able to understand Old English today is certain. = (preferable) It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today. 31 Whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.= (preferable) It is easy to answer whether Engl

18、ish will keep on changing in the future. 32 When we can set off depends on the weather.= (preferable) It depends on weather when we can set off. 331. It + be + adj. (true, certain, possible, obvious, likely) that2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder, an honor, a pity,) that3. It+ be + past participle (

19、said, reported, expected, announced) that4. It + seems/appears that5. It doesnt matter that it 作形式主语的句型作形式主语的句型:34e.g. To learn a foreign language is a challenging task. = (preferable) It is a challenging task to learn a foreign language. To gain access to the Internet is important for us. = (prefer

20、able) It is important for us to gain access to the Internet. B. when the subject is a to-infinitive.35C. when the subject is a v-ing form.e.g. It is fun wandering in the countryside. = (preferable) Wandering in the countryside is fun. It takes up a lot of my time travelling to Beijing. = (preferable

21、) Travelling to Beijing takes up a lot of my time. 362. It can also be used before seem, appear, happen, turn out and prove as the preparatory subject of a sentence. e.g. It seems that he is enthusiastic about drawing. = He seems to be enthusiastic about drawing.37It happens that my new neighbor com

22、es from my home town. = My new neighbor happens to come from my home town.383. We usually use the preparatory subject it with a clause or to infinitive (preferable), but with the verb-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning. e.g. It is a good idea to make an official statement about the

23、 incident. = Making an official statement about the incident is a good idea.39Read the dialogue on Page 31 and rewrite the sentences in yellow, using the preparatory subject it.Answers:2. _ _ _It requires a good understanding of their behaviour to know what they mean.403. _ _4. _ _It always puzzles

24、me why my dog barks in certain ways.It wont be difficult to buy a machine like this.41Read the letter on Page 31 and rewrite the underlined sentences using the preparatory subject it.Answers:2. _ _.It happens that several racial groupslive in Singapore.423. _ _ _4. _It is fun to hear different peopl

25、e speaking different languages all at the same time.It is certain that Ill see you next week.431. 乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能的。乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能的。 It is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship.Translation these sentences into English.442. 他似乎已经知道问题的答案。他似乎已经知道问题的答案。 It seems that he has known the answer to the problem.

26、3. 我们在哪儿听报告还没定。我们在哪儿听报告还没定。 It hasnt been decided where well listen to the report.45用用that或或what完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1. _ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3. Is _ he told us true?4. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.5. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.whatwhatwhatWhatThat46Tips: that只起连接主从句的功能，不作成只起连接主从句的功能，不作成分，而分，而what不仅起连接作用，还在从不仅起连接作用，还在