workthelandGrammar

1、动词动词-ing形式作主语和宾语形式作主语和宾语1. 动词动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加形式是在动词末尾加 -ing，属于非谓语动词。如：属于非谓语动词。如：do-doing, write-writing, sit-sitting, etc. 否定形式：否定形式：not + v-ing 构成构成2. 动词动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时，也可形式作主语或宾语时，也可称为动名词。称为动名词。动词动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语 1. 动词动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如：谓语动词用单数。如：Reading aloud is very

2、 important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.2. 动词动词-ing形式作主语时常后置形式作主语时常后置, 用用it作形作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等

3、。如：等。如：Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. It was a waste of time reading that book.3. “There is + no”后可以用动词后可以用动词-ing形式形式作主语，表示作主语，表示“没法没法”。如：。如：There was no telling when this might happen again. 没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。There was no knowing what

4、he could do. 他能做什么很难说。他能做什么很难说。动词动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语 1. 有些动词如有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后能接等后能接动词动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：词不定式。如：Were considering paying a visit to the Science Museum. 2. 有些短语如有些短语如cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tir

5、ed of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、等后常接名词、代词或动词代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如：形式作宾语。如：I have been used to living here. Im fond of collecting stamps and coins. 3. need, require, want作作“需要需要”解时解时, 后接动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语, 主动形式主动形式表示被

6、动意义表示被动意义, 相当于相当于to be done。如：如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired. 常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。不准冒险凭想象。consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon admit, delay / put o

7、ff, fancy avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate cant help, mind, allow/ permit, escape forbid, risk, imagine 注意注意 1. 动词动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词形式的复合结构是指在动词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性形容词性物主代词或名词所有格物主代词或名词所有格；当逻辑主语；当逻辑主语不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的

8、宾不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所有格。如：通格代替名词的所有格。如：Im annoyed about Johns forgetting to pay.I really cant understand you treating her like that. 2. 动词动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面形式的否定形式是在其前面加加not，带有逻辑主语时，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词应在动词-ing形式之前。如：形式之前。如：Not cleaning his teeth made him smell bad.Your

9、 schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.需要注意的问题：需要注意的问题：以下的动词后面加以下的动词后面加动词的不定式动词的不定式作宾作宾语：语：decide, hope, expect, seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，三个希望两答应，两个要

10、求莫拒绝两个要求莫拒绝,设法学会做决定设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。不要假装在选择。hope; wish; want; agree; promisedemand; ask; refusemanage; learn; decide pretend; choose 想要拒绝命令，想要拒绝命令，需要努力学习需要努力学习,期望同意帮助，期望同意帮助，希望决定开始。希望决定开始。want; refuse; order need; try; learn expect; agree; help hope; wish; decide; begin; start 以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式以下的动词后面

11、既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的又可以接动词的ing作宾语：作宾语：hate, love, prefer, remember, forget, regret, like, try, stop, begin, start 既跟动词既跟动词-ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。个需要。begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continueremember, forget

12、, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require 从从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳四个选项中选出最佳选项。选项。 1. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having hadC. Have D. HavingD2. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to

13、camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleepC. sleeping D. having sleptC3. How I regret _ so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder.A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. being wastedB1. Lydia doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. (四川四川 2011) A. study B. studying C. studied D

14、. to study2. Planning so far ahead _ no sense so many things will have changed by next year. (2011新课标全新课标全国卷国卷) A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made3. I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (陕西陕西2009) A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 4. Bill suggested _ a

15、 meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (上海上海2009) A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold 5. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ better ones of your own. (北京北京2008) A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced6. It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without a