中考作文指导 (2)

1、How to deal with writing书面表书面表达达港中（北） 陶开赟 Lets go for it! 写作指导写作指导中考书面表达特点中考书面表达特点书面表达是对学生的语言组织能力、行文表达能力、书面表达是对学生的语言组织能力、行文表达能力、基础知识、语法、词汇等综合驾驭能力的考查。基础知识、语法、词汇等综合驾驭能力的考查。中考书面表达贴近生活，贴近时代，给同学们一些更中考书面表达贴近生活，贴近时代，给同学们一些更多的表达空间。多的表达空间。作文题目由限制性题目到半开放性题目，提示性词语作文题目由限制性题目到半开放性题目，提示性词语越来越少，而给同学们的空间越来越大越来越少，而给

2、同学们的空间越来越大二、英文书信二、英文书信五、五、 英文通知英文通知六、英文日记六、英文日记三、英文请假条、便条三、英文请假条、便条四、英文讲稿（发言稿、自我介绍）四、英文讲稿（发言稿、自我介绍）一、描写记叙（与一般的课文一样）一、描写记叙（与一般的课文一样）七、看七、看图写图写话：给出画面，或英文提示，按要求话：给出画面，或英文提示，按要求写作。写作。八、看图（或材料）填空八、看图（或材料）填空九、材料作文（近年各地市常考的题型）：九、材料作文（近年各地市常考的题型）：给出一定的书面（中文或英文）材料，按题目要求写作给出一定的书面（中文或英文）材料，按题目要求写作十、命题作文（多为描写，记

3、事，叙述十、命题作文（多为描写，记事，叙述)作文一律按档给分，与错误个数无直接关系。作文一律按档给分，与错误个数无直接关系。1 题目要求、内容要点；题目要求、内容要点；2层次结构清晰（多采用段落式）；层次结构清晰（多采用段落式）；3 句子准确、通顺（符合文章意思）；句子准确、通顺（符合文章意思）；4 拼写、语法等错误（基础知识要夯实）；拼写、语法等错误（基础知识要夯实）；5 卷面整洁度（最好打草稿，不要涂改）；卷面整洁度（最好打草稿，不要涂改）；镇江镇江Scores: 13Scores: 9.5_书信、材料作文书信、材料作文 Dear editor， Last week, we held ma

4、ny different activities in our school. On Tuesday, Grade Seven students had a singing competition.On Tuesday, Grade Seven students had a singing competition.The team of class 4 sang the best and won the competition. Last The team of class 4 sang the best and won the competition. Last Wednesday, a tu

5、g-of-war was organized in Grade Eight. And ClassWednesday, a tug-of-war was organized in Grade Eight. And ClassFive won. On Thursday, Grade Nine got the first place in the Five won. On Thursday, Grade Nine got the first place in the basketball match.basketball match. All the teachers and students do

6、nated money, clothes and All the teachers and students donated money, clothes and other things to children in poor area. We raised 15,300 other things to children in poor area. We raised 15,300 yuanyuan All together, more than 500 clothes, 2,000 books and much All together, more than 500 clothes, 2,

7、000 books and much Stationary.Stationary. Different activities can make our school life Different activities can make our school life colourfulcolourful and and Can also Can also develpdevelp our team spirit. What we did for poor children our team spirit. What we did for poor childrenCan help them g

8、o to school like us. Thats meaningful.Can help them go to school like us. Thats meaningful. We have learned a lot from these activities. We hope to have We have learned a lot from these activities. We hope to have more activities like this. more activities like this. Sample writing Zhang Tao(the beg

9、inning)(the ending)the body（正文）（正文）总总分分总总文体文体要点要点词汇词汇时态时态人称人称句型句型过渡语过渡语格式格式词数词数拼写拼写健康很重要。在学习和健康很重要。在学习和工作的压力日趋增大的工作的压力日趋增大的今天，会休息的人才会今天，会休息的人才会有健康的身体。人们是有健康的身体。人们是如何度过假期的呢？国如何度过假期的呢？国际健康组织对此作了一际健康组织对此作了一次调查，右图是他们此次调查，右图是他们此次的调查结果。根据你次的调查结果。根据你所得的信息，请为国际所得的信息，请为国际健康组织写一篇完整的健康组织写一篇完整的调查报告调查报告, ,并提倡大家并

10、提倡大家进行假日休闲。进行假日休闲。审审读读 （searchread）travelstay at homevisit friends or parentswork A lot of people travel. Some people stay at home. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work. Enjoy your vacation.想想/列列( think/list) How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is o

11、ur report. （the beginning） A lot of people travel. Some people stay at home. They watch TV or surf the internet. Some other people visit friends or parents. A few people work. (the body) Come and enjoy your vacation. People will relax well, work well. （the ending）加加( add ) 加首尾加首尾，使结构完整。 可以采取总分总总分总结构

12、，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁、漂亮。集中注意力于学习集中注意力于学习We should focus on our studies.As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” We should focus on our studies.加谚语加谚语(Proverb/saying)可用于开头和结尾，多是结尾。可用于开头和结尾，多是结尾。锻炼对学生有好处锻炼对学生有好处 It is good for us students to take exerciseAs the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack

13、 a dull boy.” It is good for us students to take exercise.加入英语俱乐部是学习英语的好方法加入英语俱乐部是学习英语的好方法Joining the English club is a good way to learn English.As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” So joining the English club is a good way to learn English.加谚语加谚语(Proverb/saying)可用于开头和结尾，多是结尾。可用于开头和结尾，多是结尾

14、。Enjoy some proverbs1.Practice makes perfect.2.Think twice before you do. 4.Do as the Romans do. 三思而后行。三思而后行。熟能生巧。熟能生巧。有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成。失败是成功之母。失败是成功之母。6.Failure is the mother of success. How do people spend their vacation? We made a survey and here is our report. According to it, a lot of people trave

15、l. And some people stay at home. They watch TV or surf the Internet. Also some other people visit friends or parents. However, a few people work. Come and enjoy your vacation. People will relax well, work well.连连( connect) We interviewed people about the ways to spend the vacation and here is our re

16、port. According to it, most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays. Then some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest. And to visit friends or parents also makes them relaxed. However, a few people have to work. Come a

17、nd enjoy your vacation. People will relax well, work well.美美(beautify) According to it, most people choose to travel to get away from the busy world during the holidays. Then some people like to stay at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet to have a good rest. However, a few people have to work

18、. As the saying goes, “All work and no play makesJack a dull boy.” Come and enjoy your vacation. Peoplewill relax well, work well.美美(beautify) And to visit friends or parents also makes them relaxed. Proverb（谚语）（谚语）/saying方法一方法一: :善用词汇善用词汇 甚至善用甚至善用高级词汇高级词汇Which is better? 他们很早就到了。他们很早就到了。A They arri

19、ved early.B They arrived as early as they could. 最后，他的狗得救了，他感到很惊讶。最后，他的狗得救了，他感到很惊讶。A His dog was saved at last. He was very surprised.B To his surprise, his dog was saved at last.A I think learning English is interesting.B I find it really fun to learn English . 我们应该保护环境。我们应该保护环境。A We should protect

20、 the environment.B Its our duty to protect the environment.方法二方法二: :活用多种句型活用多种句型方法三方法三: :妙用关联词妙用关联词1.表示并列或递进表示并列或递进: and, as well as, bothand, whats more not onlybut also, neithernor2.表示选择表示选择: or, eitheror3.表示转折表示转折: but,however,althoughthough,after all,anyway4.表示因果表示因果: because, so, therefore,sinc

21、e,for,as a result5.表示条件表示条件: if , unless6.表示对比表示对比: instead, notbut, while, in the same way, on one handon the other hand7.表示解释表示解释: for example, such as, that is to say, in other words,to tell the truth8.表示顺序表示顺序: firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, since then, from then on, finally,

22、in the end9.表示强调表示强调: also, besides, especially, in fact10.表示结论表示结论: in a word, generally speaking, in short _ I am tired, I keep on working till midnight. He didnt go to movies, he went to the concert _. We like doing kinds of sports _ swimming, running and hiking. _, he stood up. Then he got out.

23、_, he went back. _, he smiled.ThoughAlthoughinsteadlikeFirstNextFinallyAt last方法四方法四: :妙用引文和例子妙用引文和例子（多用于（多用于“the bodythe body”）青少年应尽我们所能保护环境拯救地球。青少年应尽我们所能保护环境拯救地球。We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. For example, we can use recyclable bags instead of pla

24、stic bags, plant more trees and save water and energy.加例子加例子加例子加例子在家里，我经常帮助父母亲干家务活。在家里，我经常帮助父母亲干家务活。I often help my parents do housework, such as washing dishes, folding the clothes, taking out the trash and so on.结尾结尾: :提出倡议或者号召提出倡议或者号召Lets Do it now ! / Dont do it again!As students, we should star

25、t from ourselves. Dont wait. Join us now!Start to join us now!Dont put it off! Become a volunteer today!How amazing! I cant wait!Save animals! Save Ourselves! Save our planet!Dont hesitate(犹豫犹豫). It will be great fun! The Life as a Grade 9 Student How time flies! Now Im in Grade Nine. In fact, I fee

26、l the life is quite different from it used to be. Now Im as busy as a bee. Theres a lot of homework and exams. The only feeling I have is : The life as a Grade Nine student is very busy and challenging ! Theres an old saying: He who fails to plan plans to fail. I dont want to fail, so I create a pla

27、n for the following days.Since nothing is difficult if I put my heart into it, I will change my attitude towards maths and physics which I am poor at now. Ill spend the rest time wisely. As theres no elevator to success, Ill try my best to do everything step by step! I believe that I can do it! Its

28、your turn! （ 请分析以下的文章请分析以下的文章）Your turn to go for it! Good words:Good sentences:Connection words: 随着人口的增多，人类不仅需要越来越多的地方随着人口的增多，人类不仅需要越来越多的地方居住，而且需要越来越多的食物。人类把森林变居住，而且需要越来越多的食物。人类把森林变成了耕地；新的城市和道路占据了动物的栖息地；成了耕地；新的城市和道路占据了动物的栖息地；许多动物遭到猎杀许多动物遭到猎杀所有这些都导致了越来越所有这些都导致了越来越多的动物濒临灭绝。然而动物是我们人类的朋友，多的动物濒临灭绝。然而动物是我们人类的朋友，我们有责任去保护他们，而不是伤害或猎杀它们。我们有责任去保护他们，而不是伤害或猎杀它们。 请根据上述内容写一篇不少请根据上述内容写一篇不少于于9090词的英语短文。词的英语短文。 要求：要求： 1.1.语言规范、意思连贯、表达完整