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1、消减,降低第三部分 词汇与搭配集锦词汇搭配是英语词汇测试的重点,英语词汇中的一些常用词及其构成的短语更是重中之重。理解与掌握这些词语的意义及其用法对英语学习及语言测试有着积极的作用。1 常用动词固定搭配abide by 遵守(法律、诺言、决定等) ,坚持(意见)bring forward提议abound in富有bring out出版,使显出abstain from戒绝,避免bring to使恢复知觉accuse sb of指责bring up培养,抚养account for占,说明,解释call at访问,拜访(某处)act for代表call for邀请,要求,需要act on实行,其作用

2、call forth唤起,引起,振作起,鼓起adapt to适应call off放弃,取消adhere to坚持call on / upon访问,拜访(某人) ,号召,呼吁admit to承认call up召集,动员,打电话,使人想起agree on / with同意(某事) / (某人)carry away激动(常用被动)allow for考虑到carry back唤起回忆answer to符合,适合carry off致死,赢得approve of赞成carry on继续arrive at / in到达(某地)carry out实现,完成associate with联合,联系carry th

3、rough实现,完成,帮助某人渡过难关assure sb of使放心come across偶然碰到,偶然发现attend to专心,留意come away断裂,脱落back up支持,倒退come by获得back down放弃,退却come down传给,降价benefit from得益于come in进来,流行blame sb for sth因某事而责备某人come off发生,举行,脱落,停止表演belong to属于come on快点,出现,出场,开始,进展break away (from)脱离,逃脱come out出版,出现,结果是break down损坏,瓦解,崩溃come rou

4、nd苏醒,复原break in (on)强行进入,打断,插嘴come through经历,脱险break into闯入come to总计,苏醒break off中止,中断come up走进,上来,发生break out逃出,爆发come up to符合,达到break through突围,突破come up with提出,提供break up中止,结束,打碎,拆散cut across抄近路,走捷径bring about带来,引起cut back消减,减少bring around改变主意bring back归还,带回cut down (on)bring downbring forth击落,打倒,

5、降低产生,提出cut incut off打断,插话切断,阻碍照料,照看,关心 看,看待 回头看,回顾cut out删除,停止go in for从事,致力于,沉湎于drop by / in顺便拜访go into进入,研究,调查drop off减弱,减少go off爆炸,进行,动身,离开drop out退出go out熄灭,外出,过时fall back to求助,转而依靠于go over复习,检查fall behind拖欠,落后go through遭受,经历,仔细检查fall in with与 - 一致go with伴随,与 - 协调fall out争吵,解散go without没有 -而将就对付

6、fall through落空,失败hand down流传下来,往下传fall off从- 上落下hand in上交,递交get across解释清楚,使人明白hand on传下来,依次传递get along / on with进展,过的hand out分发,分给get at够得着,理解hand over移交,让与get away逃脱,离开hold back抑制,阻止get by通过,经过hold on继续,握住不放get down写下hold out维持,坚持,支持get down to开始,着手hold on to紧紧抓住,坚持get in进入,收获,收回hold up举起,阻挡,延迟,抢劫

7、get into进入,陷入keep back阻止,隐瞒,保留get off从-下来,动身,起身keep down压制,镇压,压低(声音)get out of逃避,改掉keep off不接近,避开get over克服,痊愈keep on继续,保持get rid of除掉,摆脱keep to坚持,遵守get through结束,完成,接通电话,度过(时间)keep up保持,维持,继续进行get together集合,聚集keep up with跟上,向 - 看齐give away泄漏,分送lay aside放一边,储蓄give back送还,恢复lay down放下,制定give in交上,投降

8、,屈服lay off(临时)解雇,停止工作(休息)give off放出(蒸汽,光) ,释放lay out摆开,布置,设计,制定give out分发,放出(气味,热)let along更不用说give rise to引起,使发生let down放下,降低,使失望give up停止,使放弃let go (of)放开,松手give way to给-让路,被 - 代替let off宽恕,免除go after追求let out放掉,发出go ahead开始,前进live by靠- 生活,go along with陪同前往live on以 - 为主食go around足够分配,流传live through

9、度过,经受住go back on违背live up to做到,不辜负go by (时间)过去,遵循,凭 - 判断 look aftergo down下降,被载入look atgo for追求,喜爱,适用于look backlook down on请示,看不起see through看穿,识破,干完look for寻找,寻求see to负责,照料look forward to盼望,期望set about开始,着手look in顺便拜访set aside留出,把 - 搁置在一边,驳回look into调查,窥视set at袭击look on旁观,观看set back把(钟表)往回拨,延缓,阻碍loo

10、k out留神,注意,提防set down卸下,使着陆,记下look over把- 看一边,察看set in到来,开始,缝上look up查阅,查考set off出发,动身,引起,使发生make for走向,有利于set out出发,陈列,陈述,企图make out写出,辨出,理解set up建立,树立make up 组成,构成,编造,化妆,补充,和好show in领入make up for弥补,偿还show off炫耀,卖弄pay back偿还,回报show up揭穿,露出,(口)出席,到场pay for支付,付出代价stand by支持,站在一边,袖手旁观pay off还清(债务),取得成

11、功stand for是- 的缩写,代表,意味着pick out挑选,辨认stand out清晰地显处,醒目pick up拾起,搭车,学会stand up for维护,支持pull down拆毁,拉倒,拉下,降低take after(外貌)相像pull in(车)停下,进站, (船)靠岸take back收回,使回想起 -pull out拔出,取出,(车)驶出take -for以为,误认为pull up(使)停下take from减少,减损,降低put across / over解释清楚,说明take in 接待,吸收,领会,欺骗,包含,改小(尺寸)put aside储存,保留take off

12、把 - -带往,起飞,脱下,取笑(通过模仿)put down放下,记下,镇压,平定take on雇佣,承担,呈现put forward提出take over接管,接受,接任put in驶进take to开始从事于,养成 - 的习惯,沉湎于put off推迟take up 拿起,着手处理,吸收(水分) ,占据(时间)put on穿上,上演,增加(体重)turn aside避开,偏离,使转变方向put up建造,搭起,张贴,提供食宿,提价turn away离开,转过脸去,解雇,防止(灾祸)put up with容忍,忍受turn (away) from对 感到厌恶run across跑着穿过,偶然

13、碰见turn back停止前进,折回run away私奔,失去控制turn in拐入,上缴,上床睡觉run away with带(某人)私奔,轻易接受(意见)turn into进入,变成,使成为run down跑下,人精疲力竭,撞倒,贬低turn off关,避开(问题) ,解雇,生产run into跑进,使撞,偶然碰见,使陷入turn on开,把 - 指向,对 -发怒run out用完,伸向,流出turn out结果是,证明是,制造,生产run over碾过,浏览turn over使打翻,交给,反复考虑run through跑着穿过,贯穿,浏览turn up出现,被找到,翘起,来到run up

14、 to跑到,(物价)高涨到 -see off给 - 送行2常考动词固定搭配care for / about 关心,担心,计较(用于否定或疑问句)check upon / upcheck out检查,检验办理付账及退房后手续clear up collide withconform to整理,收拾,天气变清冲突,碰撞遵守(规则等)cope withcover up掩盖cross out处理,应付 错误、非法自之事)取消,删去cut across / along / through destined to do sth / for sth die down die out direct at dis

15、pose of double sb. up dwell on / upon dwell at / in excuse from feed into fill in (for sb. ) flare up give sb. sth. away give oneself up (to sb. ) go along with穿过(某地) 命定,注定做某事 逐渐消失,平息 (习俗等)渐渐消失 针对 处置,处理,舍弃 使躬身,使弯腰 细想,详述 住,留居 使免除责任 提供原料 临时替换,补缺 突然发怒,突然烧起来 出卖,泄漏 投案,自首 相处得 - ,赞同,同意go for go under hang

16、back (from sth. ) head for impose on knock out let loose participate in pass off preside over prey on适用,喜欢,支持 下沉,失败 踌躇,犹豫 向- 前进将-强加于某人击倒,击晕 释放,放开 参加 药效,疼痛等)停止 主持,长官 捕获,捕食result in导致,结果run for 竞选smooth over使(问题)缓解snap at厉声斥责stand up to经得起考验step in介入,干预stick sth. out坚持到底,忍受subject sth./sb. to使服从,使遭受sw

17、itch on接通(电流),开(电器)talk into说服talk over商量,商讨touch up修改,改进3名词固定搭配absence from缺席accent on着重admission to许可,准许application for申请application to应用到arouse sb. s curiosity about sth.激起某人的兴趣approach to接近,来临attach importance to重视be in (out of) contact with与- 接触(失去联系)be out of balance不平衡be friend(s) with与- 保持友好

18、be in (out of) harmony with与 -一致(不一致)bear responsibility for对-负责break a promise违背诺言bring / put into operation实施,使生效bring shame on oneself给某人带来羞辱bring sth. to sb s notice使某人注意 -bring/call to mind想起bring to a halt使停止bring into action采取行动catch one s breath喘息call down / lay a curse upon sb.诅咒某人cast a sh

19、adow over蒙上阴影catch at shadows捕风捉影catch sb s eye引人注目catch fire着火,烧着用完,耗尽 办完,办理 开始做某事对-瞥一眼看见被某人知道run outsee about sth. / doing sth. set out to do sth.catch / get a glimpse ofcatch sight ofcome to sb s knowledgecome to sb s notice come to a point come /go into effect come into a fortune come into fashi

20、on come to a halt combination with commander in chief communication with commit a crime commit / make an error come into possession of sth. come / go into operation come to one ssseesn come to / arrive at a decisioncome to / arrive at an agreement with 与引起某人的注意 到紧要关头 实施,生效 继承一笔财产 开始流行 停止 与-结合总司令 与 -

21、 交流,与 - 通信犯罪 犯错误 占有某物 实行,生效 恢复理性,苏醒过来 做出决定 达成一致get command ofget hold ofget into troubleget / go / fly into a temper give / extend assistance to sb. give a description of give (accept) a challenge give / show evidences) of give no evidence of give one s regards to sb. give way to go out of fashion g

22、o shares控制抓住陷入困境发脾气给某人帮助描述挑(应)战有- 的迹象没有 -的迹象向某人致敬 让步,让路 过时,不再流行 分享,分担grant sb. the privilege of doing sth.赋予某人做某事的特 权reach / make an agreement with come to sb. s assistance complaint about/of competition with / against sb. do a threat to do damage to do/try one s best do sb. harm, do one s shaforer

23、sth.draw a clear distinction between与- 达成一致帮助某人对- 抱怨与某人竞争对-有威胁损害-尽力,努力 伤害某人 为 贡献自己的力量区分,分清have access to have a talk with sb.draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论drive sb. to despair 使某人绝望 entrance to 的入口,进入enjoy privileges 享有特权 express one s satisfactio/nwaith对- 表示满意express sympathy for/ w

24、ith sb.对某人表示慰问express one s gratitude to sb. for s为某事尔感谢某人fall in love with fall into temptation farewell to feel sympathy for sb. find fault (with)爱上受诱惑与- 永别同情某人找岔,抱怨have an influence on/upon have a preference for have a preference of sth. to/over have a prejudice against sb. have / run a temperatu

25、re have authority over have a terror of sth. have a nodding acquaintance with have confidence in sb. have / make contact with have control over/of have / hold a conversation with have the determination to do sth have / find difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. have faith in have sth. in mind同情have mer

26、cy on/upon hunger for / after have resort to sb. have no reference to have trouble with有权使用,有权利用 与某人交谈 对-有影响 偏爱 -喜爱某物胜过 -对某人有偏见 发烧 对- 有权利惧怕某事 与某人有点头之交 信任某人 和-接触控制 -与- 谈话决心干某事 . 做某事有困难 信任 -记的,想到 ,怜悯 -渴望 求助于某人 与- 无关与-闹纠纷follow the fashionfollow / tread in sb. s steps gain / have an advantage over赶时髦 踏

27、着某人的足迹 优于,胜过hold the position of (as)keep an eye onkeep / control one s temper担任 -的职务 照看,留意 忍住不发脾气keep ( break ) one s appointment 守(违)约keep to the point lay a claim to lay / put / place emphasis on / upon lead the way learn by heart leave sth. out of consideration lose control of lose ones balance

28、lose one s head lose heart lose contact withlose sight of lose one s temper lose faith in lose track of make an appeal to sb. (for sth. ) make an appointment with sb. make an attempt to do sth. make the acquaintance of sb. (make) comments on/upon sth. make a comparison between make a complaint again

29、st make / offer an apology to sb. make the best of把-作为例外不容许有例外 告别,道别 做做样子 发财 交朋友 向 某人询问某事为防止 -做准备为- 做准备提及,谈到 下决心 立论,证明论点 许诺 减少 提到对-做出答复补偿 抵御,抵抗 讲得通,言之有理 聊天,闲谈 让路,腾出地方 找麻烦,闹事 利用 是-的障碍重视注意向- 订购某物present a striking contrast between 使两者形成明显的对 比实行,使起作用 开某人的玩笑 中扮演角色,起作用 作弄某人 扮演 的角色实施,实行羞辱某人把重点放在 -使用keep o

30、ne s balaenc keep company with keep sb. company keep competition between keep(break) faith keep one s mind on keep/bear in mind keep one hesad keep pace with keep ( carry out) a promise keep in touch with sb. keep track of keep one s word保持平衡与-结交,与 - 亲热陪伴某人 在- 之间进行竞争忠于(背弃)信仰 专注于 记住 保持镇定 与-并驾齐驱遵守 (履行

31、 )诺言与某人保持联络记录,保持与 -联系守信用紧扣主题主张,要求,自以为是着重于,强调领路,带路记住,背过不考虑某事失去对 - 的控制失去平衡 慌乱,惊慌失措 失去信心 与-失去联系看不见 发脾气 失去对 -的信任失去 - 的线索向某人呼吁某事 于某人约会 企图做某事 结识某人 评论 把-进行比较控告 向某人道歉 充分利用 make an exception of make no exception(s) make ones farewe(lsl) make fashion make a fortune make friendsmake inquiries of sb. about sth.

32、 make preparations against make preparations for make mention of make up one s mind make a point make a promise make a reduction make references to make a response to make satisfaction for make /offer resistance to make sense make talk make way make trouble make use of obstacle to pay regard to pay

33、attention to place an order for sth. with put / bring / carry into effect play a joke on sb.play a role in在play a trick on sb.play a part (in)put in / into practiceput sb. to shameput / place / lay stress on/upon put to usemake a decision决定reaction to对-的反应make a difference between区别对待recovery from从-

34、中恢复make a difference to使-产生变化resist temptation抵制诱惑run / take a risk冒险set up (remove) a barrier between 在 中设置(拆除) 障碍take turns thanks to throw a scare into sb.set up a claim to sth.对 - 提出要求set / give a good example to sb.给某人树立榜样set the fashionset fire to set a trap substitute for sth. take into accou

35、nt take (no) account of take advantage of take care take care of take a chance take charge of take (seek) comfort in take command of take into consideration take ( a) delight in take one s departure take effect take one s farewell of sb. take / give a glance at throw / cast light on/upon take notice

36、 of take /make an objection to take pains take part in take place take the place of take possession of take pride in take the resolution to do sth. take the responsibility for ( of) take / bear one s share of 份 take the firm stand创立新式样 点燃 设陷阱 代替物 考虑(不)考虑 利用,趁 - 之机注意,当心照料,照顾冒险,投机 接管,管理 在- 中得到(寻求) 安慰指

37、挥 考虑 以- 为乐动身,出发 生效,起作用 向某人道别 对-初略地看一下使人了解某事 注意到 反对 努力,尽力 参加 发生,进行 取代,代替 占有,占领 以 - 自豪决心做某事 负起做某事的责任 承 担 自 己的 一坚定立场throw / cast / put into the shade try one s fortune yield / give way to temptation4形容词固定搭配 be absent from be accustomed to be applicable to be ashamed of be aware of be beneficial to be b

38、lind to be bound for/to be capable of be characteristic of be common to be compatible with be confident of be conscious of be consistent with be content with be contrary to be convenient to / for be crazy about/on be crazy for be critical oftake a stand for (against) sth. take one s temperature take

39、 one timse赞成(反对) 某事 量体温 不着急依次,轮流 由于 吓坏某人 使逊色,使相形见绌 碰运气 经不起诱惑缺席,不在 习惯于 适应于,应用于 对-感到羞愧意识到,知道 对-有利对- 视而不见准备到 - 去的,一定有-能力的,可 - 的特有的,表示 - 特性的共同的,共有的适合的,一致的确信,相信意识到与- 一致,与 - 相符对-感到满意与 - 相反对-方便对- 着迷,热衷于渴望对 - 感到不满依赖,依靠-不同,有区别和- 不一样怀疑按计划)将做 -渴求 -节俭,节约 等于,相当于 必不可少的,基本的对 - 表示谴责,be dependent on / upon be distin

40、ct form be diverse from be doubtful about/of be due to由于,应归于,be eager for/about/after be economical of be equivalent to be essential to/forbe familiar to be familiar with be fit for /为- 所熟悉熟悉胜任 - ,适合 -be skillful at / in善于,精于at all costsbe strict with对-严格要求at all timesbe subject to易受 -的,受 - 的支配at an

41、y rate不惜一切代价,无论如何无论何时,一直 无论如何, 至少be fond of喜欢be sufficient for充足的,满足 -be foreign to陌生的,与 - 无关的be suitable for / to适合 - 的be good at擅长于be superior to优于,比 - 好be generous with / in (doing)慷慨,大方be suspicious of怀疑,猜疑be grateful to sb. for对 - 表示感谢be thirsty for渴望 -be guilty of对- - 感到内疚,犯 的罪be tired of厌烦,厌倦

42、be helpful to对-有帮助be typical of典型的,具有代表性的be identical to/with与-相同be uncertain of/about/as to对-不确定be ignorant of不知道,无知be worthy of值得-be independent of不依靠be indispensable for / to必需的be inferior to劣于,(地位等)低于 -4介词固定搭配be innocent of清白的,无辜的above all有其实,最重要的是be jealous of妒嫉 - ,注意提防的after all毕竟,终究be keen on

43、喜爱,着迷于 -ahead of在-之前be liable to易于- 的,应受(处罚)的ahead of time提前be liable for有责任all at once突然,同时, 一起be loyal to对- 忠诚的all but除了 - 都,几乎be married to和某人结婚all of a sudden突然be new to陌生的,不熟悉all over到处,遍及be opposite to对立的,相反的all over again重新,再一次be preferable to更好的,更可取得all right行,好,安然无恙be prior to在-之前all the sa

44、me依然,照样be proportional to与-成比例all the time一直,始终be proud of对-感到骄傲and so on / forth等等,诸如此类be qualified for胜任,具有 - 的资格anything but除-以外的任何事be qualified in胜任,适合apart from除-以外(别无)be ready for为-做好准备as a matter of fact事实上be relative to和 - 有关系的as a result结果,因此be relevant to与 - 有关as a result of由于,作为 - 的结果be r

45、epresentative of代表as a rule照例,通常be resistant to对-有抵抗力的as for / to关于,至于be responsible to sb. for sth对- 负责as regards关于,有关be ripe for准备好的,时机成熟的as usual像往常一样,照例be secure from / against安全的as well又,同样be sensitive to对-敏感的aside from除- 以外(尚无)be shy of对-迟疑, 畏缩at a loss困惑,不追所措,亏本地be similar to和-相似at a time一次,每

46、次at best充其量,最多for the better好转,向好的方向发展at first起先,最初for the sake of为了,为了 -的利益at first sight乍一看,第一次看到for the time being暂时,眼下at hand在手边,在附近,即将到来from time to time有时,不时at heart在内心里,本质上in a hurry匆忙,急于at home在家,在国内,自在in a moment立刻,马上at intervals 不时,在(时间,距离上)以 - 的间隔in a sense从某种意义上说at large的,普遍的in a / one w

47、ay在某种程度上at last最后,终于in a / one word总之,简而言之at least至少,无论如何in accordance with依据,与 - 一致at length最后,终于,详细地in addition此外at most最多,不超过in addition to除-以外at no time决不,从不in advance预先,提前at once立刻,马上in any case在任何情况下,无论如何at one time曾经,一度,同时in brief以简洁的方式,简言之at present目前,现在in case of如果发生,以防at sb s disposal由某人支配

48、,供某人使用in charge of负责,主管at the cost of以-为代价in common共有的,共同的at the same time同时,然而,不过in consequence结果,因此at this rate照此速度in consequence of由于 - 的缘故at times有时,间或in debt欠债back and forth来回,反复in detail详细地because of由于,因为in difficulty陷入困境before long不久(以后)in effect实际上,事实上beside the point离题,不相干in fact实际上,其实beyon

49、d question毫无疑问in favor of赞同,支持,有利于by accident偶然in front of在-前面by air通过航空途径in future = from now on今后,从今以后by all means务必,尽一切办法in general总的来说,大体上by chance意外地,碰巧in half分成两半by far- 的多,最 -in hand(工作)在进行中, 待办理by hand用手,手工的in honor of为纪念,为庆祝by itself独自的,单独的in itself本质上,就本身而言by means of依靠,借助于in line成一排,成一直线,

50、有持续by mistake错误地,无意中做了错事in line with符合,与 - 一致by no means决不,并没有in memory of为了纪念 -by oneself独自的,单独的in no case决不,无论如何不by reason of由于,因为in no time立刻,马上by the way顺便地in order to为了,以 - 为目的by way of经过,以- 样的方式in other words换言之for good永久地in part在某种程度上,部分地out of practiceout of sightout of the questionin particular特别,尤其on account of由于,因为in person亲自,本人on (an / the) average平均,通常in place在合适的位置,适当地on behalf of代表in place of代替,取代on board在(船、飞机)上in practice在实践中,实际上on business因公,因事in proportion to

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