必修5第4单元重点单词讲解

1、Unit 4 Key wordsv1. involve vt.涉及，牵涉，涉及，牵涉， 包括包括vDont _ other children in your trouble.v be involved in.参与，专注于。参与，专注于。vMore than one person _ _ _ this case. Were delighted youre coming to work with us. Im very delighted that you can come. I was delighted to be invited to her party.2. delighted归纳拓展归纳

2、拓展befeel delighted atbywithbe delighted to do sth.(be glad to do sth. be happy to do sth. be pleased to do sth)to ones delight牛刀小试牛刀小试单项填空单项填空(1)We were all _ to receive your letter and read it _ delight.Adelight；inBdelighting；inCdelighting；with Ddelighted；with解析：解析：选选D。 be delighted to do sth.“很高兴做

3、某很高兴做某事事”；with delight高兴地。高兴地。完成句子完成句子(1)I _(为你的成功而高为你的成功而高兴兴)答案：答案：am delighted at/by/with your success(2)_(使他大为高兴的是使他大为高兴的是)，he has got the first place in the competition.答案：答案：To his great delight 3. admire v. 佩服；羡慕；赞美佩服；羡慕；赞美 _n. 崇拜者；爱慕者崇拜者；爱慕者 _adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞扬的令人钦佩的；值得赞扬的admirableadmirer His bra

4、very is_ (admire). He came up with an _ (admire) idea. admirableadmirable4.assist vt.帮助；协助帮助；协助 _n.助理；助手助理；助手 _n.帮助；援助帮助；援助assistanceassistant归纳拓展归纳拓展易混辨析易混辨析assist，helpassist与与help同义，但着重指同义，但着重指“协助协助”，受协助的人自己做一部分，受协助的人自己做一部分工作。工作。help可指具体或抽象意义上的可指具体或抽象意义上的“帮助帮助”。受帮助者可以出力，也。受帮助者可以出力，也可以不出力。可以不出力。 Th

5、e _ (assist) asked the boss for _ so that he could assist the workers _ improving the efficiency. Would you like to assist me_my English?withassistantassistancein5. sub_ vt.递交递交；呈递；呈递(文件等文件等)；使服从，顺从。；使服从，顺从。归纳拓展归纳拓展We have _ homework to our teacher. (submit)I refuse to submit (myself) to his control

6、.我不肯听任他的控制。我不肯听任他的控制。6.eager adj. 热切的；渴望的；热心的热切的；渴望的；热心的_adv. 热切地热切地_ n.渴望；热心渴望；热心_搭配搭配渴望干某事渴望干某事be eager to do sth.eagerlyeagerness He is eager _knowledge about the party construction because he is eager_ (join) the party. These young people show great _ (eager) for new knowledge. The children were

7、_ (eager) looking forward to the party forto joineagernesseagerly牛刀小试牛刀小试单项填空单项填空(1)Simon was an ambitious(有雄心的有雄心的) man, _for power and fame（名誉）（名誉）.Aeager BworriedCanxious Dsatisfied解析：解析：选选A。句意为：西蒙是一个有雄心的人，。句意为：西蒙是一个有雄心的人，渴望权力和名声。由前面的关键词渴望权力和名声。由前面的关键词ambitious和搭和搭配的介词配的介词for可知应用可知应用eager。7. conc

8、ent_ 集中，聚集集中，聚集 concentrate on(doing)sth.专心专心(干干)某事某事拓展：拓展：concentrate ones attention on 把把集中在集中在归纳拓展归纳拓展单项填空单项填空(10)(2011年濮阳高二检测年濮阳高二检测)Teenagers should _ their studies though there are a lot of attractions around them.Adevote to Bfix onCconcentrate on Dkeep on解析：解析：选选C。devote后常跟宾语后常跟宾语energy，time等

9、，等，再加介词再加介词to；选项；选项B若改为若改为fix their attention on也也可选；可选；concentrate on sth.专心干某事；专心干某事；keep on doing sth.继续干某事。句意：中学生无论如何应继续干某事。句意：中学生无论如何应专心于学习，尽管周围有大量的诱惑物。专心于学习，尽管周围有大量的诱惑物。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法专心学习。吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法专心学习。 _ with all that noise going on. 我们应该致力于提高英语。我们应该致力于提高英语。We

10、should _ our attention_ improving English. on I cant concentrate on my studiesconcentrate8. acquire vt. 获得；养成；学到获得；养成；学到(get，gain，obtain)acquire a(good)knowledge of得到得到知识，知识，精通精通运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。Gradually we_ in how to do the work.acquired experience 我们应

11、该努力养成良好的习惯。我们应该努力养成良好的习惯。We should try to_. 我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。We must work hard to_ English. acquire a good knowledge ofacquire good habits(2)Lucy has _ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.Aacquired BfinishedCconcluded Dachiev

12、ed解析：解析：选选D。句意为：露西在高中已经实现了她。句意为：露西在高中已经实现了她为自己制定的所有目标，并准备在大学迎接新的为自己制定的所有目标，并准备在大学迎接新的挑战。挑战。achieve ones goal/aim“实现某人的目标实现某人的目标”。9. inform v. _inform sb.of sth.把某事告诉某人把某事告诉某人 He informed me_ your decision.他把你的决定告诉了我。他把你的决定告诉了我。of归纳：结构类似的词组还有：归纳：结构类似的词组还有： _ sb.of sth.提醒某人某事提醒某人某事 _sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物抢劫

13、某人某物 _sb.of sth.治愈某人某病治愈某人某病 _sb.of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事 _sb.of sth.控告某人犯某罪控告某人犯某罪 remind robcurewarnaccuse10. depend on依靠；依赖；取决于依靠；依赖；取决于运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 我不想依靠别人来处理这个件事。我不想依靠别人来处理这个件事。I dont want to_ _the matter. 一切取决于我是否喜欢这个老板。一切取决于我是否喜欢这个老板。It all depends on_. whether I like the boss

14、or not depend on others to deal with/11. case nC情况；病例；案例；情况；病例；案例；箱子。箱子。If this is the case, I must let him know it. 如果情况是这样的话，我必须要让他如果情况是这样的话，我必须要让他知道。知道。That is often the case with him.他总他总是这样。是这样。The patient is a case of flu.这位病人这位病人是流感的病例。是流感的病例。归纳拓展归纳拓展Take the umbrella with you in case it rain

15、s.带上伞以防下雨。带上伞以防下雨。In case of fire，ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，就按警铃。如遇火警，就按警铃。In no case will I turn against my motherland.我决不会背叛我的祖国。我决不会背叛我的祖国。It is said that well have to do extra work on Sunday.In that case，we cant go to a movie.听说星期天得加班。那样的话，我们就无法看电听说星期天得加班。那样的话，我们就无法看电影去了。影去了。牛刀小试牛刀小试(1)_ fire，all

16、 exits must be kept clear.AIn place ofBInstead ofCIn case of DIn spite of解析：解析：选选C。考查短语辨析。考查短语辨析。in place of代替；代替；instead of代替；代替；in case of万一；万一；in spite of尽管。尽管。句意为：万一发生火灾，所有的出口必须保持畅句意为：万一发生火灾，所有的出口必须保持畅通。只有通。只有C项符合句意。项符合句意。(2)I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English wo

17、rds and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.Awhy BwhichCas Dwhere解析：解析：选选D。 先行词先行词cases后面的定语从句缺少状后面的定语从句缺少状语，用关系副词语，用关系副词where。句意为：我能想到许多。句意为：我能想到许多情况：学生明显知道一些英语单词和表达但是不情况：学生明显知道一些英语单词和表达但是不能写出一篇好文章。能写出一篇好文章。12. accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告指责；谴责；控告accuse sb.of sth.因因指责或控告某人指责或控告某人运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉

18、语意思完成英语句子。 他被指控受贿。他被指控受贿。He was accused _ taking bribes. 很多员工指责老板不守信用。很多员工指责老板不守信用。Many workers _ having broken his wordsaccuse the boss ofof归纳拓展归纳拓展牛刀小试牛刀小试(5)(2011年青岛高二检测年青岛高二检测)The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _him of speeding.AchargedBaccusedCblamed Dwarned解析：解析：选选B。考查动词词义辨

19、析。这里是指警察。考查动词词义辨析。这里是指警察指控他超速，指控他超速，charge和和accuse都有都有“指控，指责指控，指责”的意思，但的意思，但charge与与with搭配；搭配；accuse与与of搭配；搭配；blame“责备责备”与与for搭配；搭配；warn“警告警告”，warn sb. of“警告某人注意警告某人注意”，含义不对。，含义不对。13. so as to do sth.表示目的，意为表示目的，意为为了做某事为了做某事。易混辨析易混辨析so as to，in order to，in order that，so that，so.as toHe hurried throu

20、gh his work so that/in order that he could catch the train.他急忙做完工作，以便能赶上火车。他急忙做完工作，以便能赶上火车。She was so angry as to be unable to speak.她如此生气以至于不能说话。她如此生气以至于不能说话。牛刀小试牛刀小试完成句子完成句子(1)为了赶上火车，我早上五点钟起床。为了赶上火车，我早上五点钟起床。I got up at five a. m_ catch the train.I got up at five a. m_ I could catch the train.答案：答

21、案：so as to/in order to/to；so that/in order that(2)为了考试及格，他很用功。为了考试及格，他很用功。_ fail in the exam，he worked hard.答案：答案：In order not to运用：改写下面的句子运用：改写下面的句子 He came to school early so as to clean the classroom.He came to school early_ _clean the classroom. We ran all the way so as not to be late.We ran all

22、 the way_ _late. in order not to be/so that we wouldnt be in order to/so that he could14. demand n.需求；需求；vt. 要求要求 强烈要求强烈要求demand to do要求做要求做demand that sb.(should)do sth.要求某人要求某人做某事做某事demand of sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事要求某人做某事in(great)demand 非常需要的非常需要的meet ones demands 满足某人的要求满足某人的要求归纳拓展归纳拓展运用：用介词填空或用所给词

23、的适当形式填运用：用介词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。空。 他要求被告知一切事情。他要求被告知一切事情。He demanded_ (tell) everything. 他要求我走之后关上大门。他要求我走之后关上大门。He demanded_me _ (shut) the door when I left. to be told ofto shut 我要求你放学前打扫完教室。我要求你放学前打扫完教室。I demand that you _ (finish) cleaning the class before school. (should) finish15.gifted adj.有天赋的有天赋

24、的 _n.礼物；天赋礼物；天赋 _搭配搭配 在在有天赋有天赋be gifted in或或have a gift/talent forgift It is known that he was gifted _ painting when he was young.When he grew up，he turned _(gift) artist. He has a gift _ music.foringifted16. a head of 在在前面；领先前面；领先运用：理解划线部分的意思并翻译句子。运用：理解划线部分的意思并翻译句子。 They managed to finish the assignment two weeks ahead of time. He is far ahead of his class in English. Two people were ahead of us，travelling fast. 有两个人在我们的前面，他们走得很快。有两个人在我们的前面，他们走得很快。 他们提前两周完成了任务。他们提前两周完成了任务。他在英语方面远远超过其它同学的水平。