分子生物学资料：Translation_Questions

1、 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Chapter 5 Translation课后作业2014-10-30 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.1. A mutation in the sequence of prokaryotic DNA encoding the ribosome binding site (RBS) may result in which of the following?A. reduced initiation of translationB. reduced transcription of the mRNA for the

2、 gene in which the mutation occursC. paused ribosome during elongationD. paused RNA polymerase during elongation 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.2. To what does an “aminoacyl-tRNA” refer?A. any uncharged tRNAB. any tRNA covalently attached to an aminoacid at the 3 end of the tRNAC. any tRNA covalently a

3、ttached to an aminoacid at the 5 end of the tRNAD. any tRNA with a 5-CCA-3 sequence at the3 end of the tRNA 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.3. As a measure of quality control in translation, which component of the translation machinery is capable of proofreading and editing amino acids?A. the ribosomeB.

4、 tRNA synthetasesC. tRNAsD. RNA polymerase 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.4. Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by _ and occurs between the _ sites of the ribosome.A. ribosomal proteins; A and P sitesB. ribosomal RNA (rRNA);A and P sitesC. ribosomal proteins; P and E sitesD. ribosomal RNA (rRNA);P and

5、 E sites 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.5. Which one of the following steps in prokaryotic translation does NOT require hydrolysis of GTP?A. delivery of correct aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosomal A site by EF-TuB. EF-G stimulation of ribosome translocationC. assembly of the 30S initiation complexD. assem

6、bly of the 70S initiation complex 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.6. Which of the following could NOT introduce a premature stop codon in mRNA?A. a mutation in the coding sequence withinthe DNAB. insertion of an incorrect nucleotide by RNA polymerase during transcriptionC. a mistake during splicing that

7、 leads to retention of an intronD. a mutation in the promoter sequence withinthe DNA 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.7. Nonsense-mediated decay leads to degradation of mRNA that _.A. does not include a stop codonB. includes a premature stop codonC. includes secondary structures or rare codons that induc

8、e ribosome stallingD. has not been properly spliced 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Question 8. Compare and contrast the features of a prokaryotic mRNA to a eukaryotic mRNA.Question 9. Write the equation for editing Ser-tRNAThr by the threonyl-tRNA synthetase.Question 10. Explain how the tyrosyl-tRNA sy

9、nthetase distinguishes tyrosine from phenylalanine to avoid mischarging.Question 11. Which tRNA synthetase would you expect to have an editing pocket to hydrolyze an aminoacyl-tRNA mischarged with glycine? Explain your choice. 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Question 12. Explain where the energy comes from for peptide bond formation.Question 13. Explain a general mechanism for how antibiotics inhibit translation and how they specifically targe