形容词和副词详解

1、形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词，表示事物的词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g. long, hot ,empty, cheap, hungry, etc.用用 法法例例 句句作作表语表语My mother looks happy .作作定语定语The blue pen is mine.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper.作宾补作宾补We keep the classroom clean? 用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、名词词组及句子的词。名词词

2、组及句子的词。用用 法法例例 句句作作表语表语My mother is out .作作定语定语The girl there is my friend. 作作状语状语He runs fast .作宾补作宾补I found him outside. l1形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 2形容词+形容词 dark-blue 3形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 4副词+现在分词 hard-working 5副词+过去分词 newly-builtl6名词+形容词 world-famous 7名词+现在分词 peace-lovingl8名词+过去分词 snow-covere

3、dl 9 数词+名词+ed three-egged 10数词+名词 twenty-yearl 3.形容词（短语）作伴随状语l As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候，山羊翻了个身，死了。l Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难，他们宁愿走好走的路 副词的分类l1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recentlyl2地点副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, ab

4、ovel3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, reallyl4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, ratherl5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, neverl6疑问副词how, where, when, whyl7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhilel8关系副词when, where, whylIII. 形容词和副词的比较等级l形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高

5、级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。l 同级比较时常常用 asas以及not so(as)asl She is as tall as her mother.I am not as/ so good a player as you are.l 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级 （+ than）”的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方阴藏起来的情况。l This picture is more beautiful than that one.l I have never seen such a more interesting

6、film (than this one).l 表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原级 + than”的结构表示 l This room is less beautiful than that one.l 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the morethe more”句型l The harder you work, the more progress you will makel 用比较级来表达最高级的意思l I have never spent a more worrying day.我从来没有度过这样令人烦恼的一天。（意为：我度过了最为令人烦恼的一天。）形容词和副词的原级用法形容词和副词

7、的原级用法 作用作用结构结构和和一样一样as+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+as“不及不如不及不如not as/ so +形容词形容词/副词副词原级原级+as如此如此以至以至于于太太而不能而不能so+ 形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+that从句从句 too+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+ to do sth.形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+ enough to do sth表示倍数表示倍数bebe倍数倍数as+as+形容词形容词asas“如此”、“这样”在在“such +a (an)+adj.+单数名词单数名词” =so+adj.+a (an)+单数名词单数名词“such+adj.+可数

8、名词复数可数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词“形容词和副词的原级形容词和副词的原级” 练习题练习题1.Tom is as_ as Mike. (tall)3.There are as _students in our school as yours. (many)2.Tom is three times as_ as Mike. (old)4.Tom doesnt sing as _ as Mike.(good)5.Our school is not so _ as yours.(big)6. Football is not so _ as basketball in the USA. (pop

9、ular) He is too young to join the army. = He _ _ enough to join the army.= He is _ young_ he cant join the army.talloldmanywellbigpopularis youngsothat形容词和副词的比较级用法形容词和副词的比较级用法 作用作用 结结 构构两个两个事物事物/人比较人比较比较级比较级+than “Which is+ 比较级，比较级，or?” 不及不及“less+原级原级+than”“越越,越越”“The+比较级比较级，the+比较级比较级”表示越来越表示越来越 “比

10、较级比较级+and+比较级比较级”表示两者当中表示两者当中最最的的“the+比较级比较级+of the two.”的用法的用法 e.g. He is the taller of the two.表示表示“倍数倍数”be倍数比较级倍数比较级than被比对象被比对象比比任何一个任何一个都都比较级比较级+ than any other +n.(单数单数) + in(of) 形容词和副词的比较级相关练习形容词和副词的比较级相关练习 1.Our school is _ than theirs. (big) 2.This bridge is_ than that one.(old) 3.Who write

11、s _, Kate or Tom? (careful)4.This park is less _ than that one. (beautiful)5.The _ you work(hard),the _ you will learn.(much)6.In spring, the days are getting _ and _.(long)7.She is the_ of the two.(young)8.The sun is a million times _ than the earth.(big)biggeroldermore carefullyhardermorelonger lo

12、ngeryoungerbiggerbeautiful形容词和副词的最高级用法形容词和副词的最高级用法 结结 构构one of the+最高级最高级+名词复数名词复数 (最最之一之一)最高级最高级+of (in)可以转换为：可以转换为：比较级比较级+ than any other +n.(单数单数) +in(of) (比比任何一个都任何一个都)This is/ was the +最高级最高级+名词名词+that定语从句定语从句 be +序数词序数词+最高级最高级+名词名词(可数的单数名词可数的单数名词) +in(of) “enough足够的”作定语时一般放在中心词前；但作副词时只能后置。We h

13、ave enough food to eat. We dont have enough money to carry on the plan.Its warm enough.She is old enough to go to school.即: enough +名词 副词/形容词+ enough“Enough”与形容词、副词连用许多以前缀a-构成的形容词常作后置定语，这样的形容词有： awake, alone, alive, afraid, alike, asleep等。1.Do you know the man asleep over there?“asleep”做后置定语，修饰“the

14、man ”2.There were still three people alive on the island. “alive”做后置定语，修饰“three people ” 有的词既是副词又是形容词有的词既是副词又是形容词如如:fast late hard earlyEg. They worked hard though it was hard work. good的副词是的副词是well,hard 既是形容既是形容词也是副词词也是副词,作形容词是作形容词是“困难的困难的”，作副词是作副词是“努力地努力地”。 hardly的意思是的意思是“几乎不几乎不”的意思的意思,它和它和hard没关系

15、。没关系。带有基数词的带有基数词的复合形容词复合形容词的用法的用法 The nine-year-old boy wrote an_article, which I think excellent. A. eight-thousand-words B. eight-thousand-word C. eight-thousands-word D. eight hundred word B5.be/look/become/keep/taste/sound/feel/seem等等系动词后接系动词后接形容词形容词做表语做表语.e. She is happy.Kate looks _(worry).She

16、 became _(angry) when she heard the news. The soup tastes _(good).The music sounds _(beautiful) and she sings _. (beautiful) Please keep _ (quiet)!She walked into the room _ (quiet).系动词系动词+形容词的用法形容词的用法worriedangrygoodbeautifulbeautifullyquietquietly “带基数词的复合形容词带基数词的复合形容词”的用法的用法. 带基数词的复合形容词的结构是带基数词的复

17、合形容词的结构是 “基数词基数词+名词名词”构成构成,基数词和名词之间须用连字符号基数词和名词之间须用连字符号 ” ”。尽管基数。尽管基数词为二以上，名词也不能用复数。词为二以上，名词也不能用复数。如：他有一个如：他有一个8岁的女孩。岁的女孩。1.He has _daughter.2.从我家走路到学校要从我家走路到学校要20分钟。分钟。an eight-year-old 形容词转化为副词的特例形容词转化为副词的特例有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形容词词尾加上容词词尾加上-ly。如：如：carefully，badly，freely，slowly

18、等，在变化等，在变化时要注意词尾是时要注意词尾是y的，改的，改y为为i再加再加ly。如。如busy ，happy ，另外以另外以e结尾的，结尾的，大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly。如：如：wide , ,brave ,polite 等。等。如如: : truetruly， terribleterribly, gentle gentlybusilyhappilywidelybravelypolitely还有几个特殊的要去还有几个特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly或或y。倍数的表达l肯定句中，用肯定句中，用as+原级形容词原级形容词+as lThe story is as interesting as

19、the one you just told.l否定句中，用否定句中，用not as/so +原级形容词原级形容词 +as lIm not as/so busy as I used to be las much /many +n+as 和和一样多的一样多的l比较级表示最高级的意义：比较级表示最高级的意义：l比较级比较级+than+any other+单数名词单数名词 l all other+复数名词复数名词l any of the other+复数名词复数名词l anyone else any+ 单数名词单数名词(不同范围不同范围 lJulia is taller than any other girl in her class.lJulia is taller than all other girls in her class.lJulia is taller than