湖北省武汉市2021届高三英语下学期4月质量检测试题【含解析】

1、湖北省武汉市2021届高三英语下学期4月质量检测试题（含解析）全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条 形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3, 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试 卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4, 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟

2、的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答 有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是C.1. Where is the closest ATM?A. In a bank. B. Beside a building. C. On his right.2. What will the man

3、probably do next?A. Ask the woman for help.B. Fill up the car himself.C. Pay for the gas first.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. The final exam. B. A sport. C. Computer games.4. What is the man doing?A. Asking for advice. B. Seeing a doctor. C. Working at home.5. What does the woman think of

4、 the mountain?A. Distant. B. High. C. Attractive.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does the woman call?A. Her TV doesnt work.B. Her TV service is due.C. Her TV service bill is

5、wrong.7. How much should the bill be actually?A. $65 B. $85.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does Jessica need to use the library?A. Her credit card. B. Her student ID.9. What can Jessica borrow?A. Magazines. B. Newspapers.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What will Linda take for the meal?A. Beef. B. Vegetables.11. How d

6、oes Mark like the fish to be cooked?A. With some cabbage.B. With a little more salt.C. In sweet and sour sauce.12. Who will pay for the bill?A.Mark. B. Linda. C. Theyll go Dutch.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How does the marTs family deal with the garbage?A. Its sorted. B. Ifs sold. C. Ifs buried.14. Where w

7、ill the mans wife place the waste food?A. Into the garbage cans.B.Into different containers.C,Into the soil in the garden.15. What does the man think of living a zero-waste lifestyle?A. Stressful. B. Natural C. Difficult16. Whafs the possible relationship between the speakers?A. Host and guest.B. Hu

8、sband and wife.C. Grandson and grandmother.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What are the activities aimed at?A. Mixing with colleagues.B. Developing team spirit.C. Electing group leaders.18. Whafs in the backpack?A. Water and food B. Meal tickets. C. Lists of tasks.19.What should they do once they find a hidde

9、n box?A. Hand it in. B. Finish the task. C. Go back here.20.Where does the announcement take place?A.At a gym. B. At a shop.C. At a cafeteria.第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题,每小题2. 5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题,每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。ABuckingham Palace, Hyde Park, St. PauPs Cathedral, the London Eye

10、 these are just a few examples of the best of London. If you ever have a chance to tour London, the following are some hotels well worth having a try.The SavoyPerfectly located for the shops of Covent Garden and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroes London hotel of choice. B

11、ook one of the hotels 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.The Savoy, 2 Savoy Court, Strand, London WC2R OEZ, UK； 44 20 7836 4343Charlotte Street HotelSituated in London5 s media neighborhood, this former dental hospital now contains 52 individual

12、ly designed rooms, with huge, comfortable beds and oak bathrooms, and some rooms have luxuriously high ceilings.Charlotte Street Hotel, 15-17 Charlotte St, Fitzrovia, London WIT 1RJ, UK； 44 20 7806 2000The ArosfaThis reasonably priced townhouse hotel was once the Bloomsbury home of artist John Evere

13、tt Millais. Ifs close to the British Museum and the shops of Oxford Street. Wi-Fi is available, and full English breakfast is included. The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.The Arosfa, 83 Gower St, Fitzrovia, London WC1E 6HJ, UK； 44 20 7636 2115The HoxtonThe Hoxton is a hit with budget travel

14、ers. In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd. The Hoxton has been a big hit since it opened in 2006. The hotePs 210 rooms have wood floors, large mirrors and industrial details.The Hoxton, Shoreditch, 81 Great Eastern St, London

15、EC2A 3HU England； 44 20 7550 10001. What does The Savoy have to attract guests?A. Movie theaters.B. Fine designs.C. Art galleries.D. English breakfast.2. Which of the following hotels is probably the smallest?A. The Savoy.B. Charlotte Street Hotel.C. The Arosfa.D. The Hoxton.3. Who will favor The Ho

16、xton?A. Shoppers.B. Celebrities.C. Budget agents.D. Party lovers.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个伦敦的酒店，描述了它们的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectly located for the shops of Covent Garden and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroes London hotel of choice. Book one of the hote

17、ls 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.（萨沃伊酒店位于科文特花园的商店和莱斯特广场的电影院之间，是玛丽莲梦露在伦敦的首选酒店。预订酒店的267间豪华客房，充分享受典雅的爱德华时代设计或时尚的装饰艺术设计。）”可知，萨沃伊酒店用精细的设计来吸引客人。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Savoy“267 luxury rooms（267间豪华客房）”；Charlotte Street Hotel“52 individually designe

18、d rooms（52个独立设计的房间）”；The Arosfa“The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.（Arosfa酒店只有15个房间，所以要提前预定。）”以及The Hoxton“210 rooms（210间客房）”可知，The Arosfa旅馆可能是最小的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd.（它位于伦敦最活跃

19、的夜生活区中部，是聚会人群聚集的最佳地点。）”可知，派对爱好者会很支持The Hoxton。故选D。BBorn Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler Nov. 9, 1914, the Austria native took an early interest in the performing arts, but seemed equally fascinated with science and engineering. In 1937, she signed a contract with Hollywoods Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio under

20、 the name Hedy Lamarr. Her first film was a great success and soon Lamarr was a household name.During her Hollywood years, Lamarr was known for her knowledge on aviation （航空） design and theory. But it wasnt until 1942 that Lamarrs innovative thinking inspired a creative invention. In cooperation wit

21、h composer George Antheil, Lamarr designed a frequency-hopping （跳频）system that minimized the jamming of radio signals.During World War II, Hedys mother was trapped in Vienna. It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So s

22、he worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （鱼雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlantic, thus securing safe passage to the US. To make sure the Nazis couldnt detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a secret communication sys

23、tem that couldnt be detected.The “ secret communication system employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies from interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signal, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner. To anyone listening, it would

24、just sound like noise. But the signal would be clear if both the sender and receiver hopped frequencies at the same time.Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the decades. Many believe that Lamarrs invention made te

25、chnology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.4. What does the underlined words the jamming of radio signalsn in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Detecting the radio signals.B. Sending the radio signals.C. Receiving the radio signals.D. Boosting the radio signals.5. Wha

26、t led Lamarr to invent a new communication system?A. Her passion for science.B. Her interest in performing.C. Her contract with a studio.D. Her desire to help her mother out.6. What does paragraph 4 focus on?A. Showing the application of the system.B. Interpreting how the system functioned.C. Stress

27、ing the significance of the system.D. Explaining how the system was invented.7. What can we infer about Hedy Lamarr from the text?A. She was very ambitious.B. She was a productive actress.C. She was completely devoted to science.D. She contributed to communication technology.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D【

28、解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海蒂拉玛发明“秘密通信系统”的原因和系统的运作机理，也讲述了她对通信技术做出了贡献。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“To make sure the Nazis couldt detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a secret communication system that couldnt be detected.（为了确保纳粹不能探测到她的鱼雷的无线电信号，她创造了一个无法被探测到的“秘密通信系统”。）”可推断，the jamming of radio signals指的

29、是检测无线电信号。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （鱼雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the At

30、lantic, thus securing safe passage to the US.（海蒂很难帮助她的母亲去美国，因为每艘美国船都被纳粹炸毁了。因此，她致力于发明一种遥控鱼雷，这种鱼雷非常先进，可以追踪并炸毁大西洋上的每一艘纳粹潜艇，从而确保通往美国的安全通道。）”可知，是Lamarr想帮助母亲摆脱困境的愿望促使她发明了一种新的通信系统。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The “ secret communication system employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies from interpretin

31、g messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signal, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner.（“秘密通信系统”利用改变无线电频率来阻止敌人解读信息。多个无线电频率被用来广播一个无线电信号，它以一种明显随机的方式改变频率。）”可知，第四段的重点是解释系统是如何运作的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although the technology was never used in wartime, it e

32、nded up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the decades. Many believe that Lamarrs invention made technology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.（尽管这项技术从未在战时使用过，但它最终在数十年的通信方法中发挥了关键作用。许多人认为，拉玛的发明使Wi-Fi、GPS和蓝牙等技术以及手机等设备成为可能。）”可推断，海蒂拉玛对通信技

33、术做出了贡献。故选D。CKids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And some parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel.“Parents are hearing a message that social media, digital technology use is causing very serious and harmful problems like depression, like suicide-related beh

34、aviors,” Candice Odgers, professor of psychological science at the University of California said. “But the idea is that if you shut off social media, you could in fact be making a situation worse. Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.”Odgers and he

35、r colleagues looked at the screen-related behavior of 400 public school students in North Carolina aged 10 to 14. The researchers found that the kids spent between almost five hours to seven hours per day on their devices. Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didnt find connection between the am

36、ount of time that young people spent online using digital technologies and mental health signs like depression, or anxiety. They found that young people who sent more text messages actually reported better mental health.This was a small association, but it reflects what other people have found: the

37、people who are very connected offline, who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.So why the fears about screen time? Odgers argues that the methods for previous studies may have led to false conclusions. W

38、hen given a survey, the kids were often asked to recall, over the past six months, “How often are you online?” and “Have you ever felt depressed”. And the relation between those two things has been used to spread a lot of fear around the connection between social media use and things like depression

39、, yet 99.5% of the reasons that kids differ in their depression is due to something other than the time they spend online.8. The new study is mainly about the relation between _.A. kids, screen time and their eyesightB. kids screen time and their depressionC. social media use and kids mental healthD

40、. Internet environment and kids mental health9. What does Odgers think of the message parents received?A. It misleads people.B. It makes much sense.C. It was confirmed by science.D. It reveals parents, ignorance.10. What kind of kids bear better mental health?A. Kids spending less time online.B. Kid

41、s staying unconnected offline.C. Kids shutting off social media.D. Kids positively using digital technology.11. Whats the main purpose of the text?A. To present a social phenomenon.B. To challenge a common belief.C. To draw attention to kids, health.D. To encourage more screen time.【答案】8. C 9. A 10.

42、 D 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究反驳了“社交媒体和数字技术的使用正在导致青少年抑郁和与自杀相关的行为问题”这一常见观点，指出父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现和意义。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didnt find connection between the amount of time that young people spent online using digital technologies and mental he

43、alth signs like depression, or anxiety.(这是一个很长的时间，但研究人员没有发现年轻人上网使用数字技术的时间与抑郁或焦虑等心理健康迹象之间的联系)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于社交媒体使用和儿童心理健康之间的关系。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.(父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的)”可知，Odgers认为父母收到的信息误导了人们。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解

44、题。根据倒数第二段“This was a small association, but it reflects what other people have found: the people who are very connected offline, who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.(这只是一个很小的联系，但它反映了其他人的发现：那些线下联系紧密的人

45、，那些积极利用科技保持联系的人，通常在网上也更紧密，心理更健康)”可知，积极使用数字技术的孩子心理更健康。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And some parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel. (孩子们花很多时间看屏幕。一些家长对此表示担心。但一项新的研究反驳了父母们可能感到的焦虑)”结合文章说明了一项新的研究反驳了“社交媒体和数字技术的使用正在导致青少年抑郁和与自杀相关的行为问

46、题”这一常见观点，指出父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现和意义。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是挑战一个常见观念。故选B。DUpright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet. Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-ris

47、e farms while moving farms into urban areas, and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil. They also grow plants using water from fish tanks, or using nutrient water mist systems that reduce water use by more

48、 than 90 per cent, which was a technique developed by NASA as a way for astronauts to grow in space and feed themselves without soil while preserving precious water supplies. All of these soil-less growing techniques use less or no chemicals, and recycle water with less waste. Plants can be sown and

49、 harvested year-round, free from bad weather conditions such as drought or flooding.“ This is the farming of the future， said Paul Myers, co-founder of vertical farming enterprise Farm Urban. Chemical-free and moving from the traditional horse and tractor agriculture that is steadily destroying the

50、planet to a more sustainable approach.The global vertical farming market is expected to be six times bigger in 2026 than it is today. This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic, chemical-free foods, but also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK

51、 for example uses more than 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.As the vertical farming industry expands, it is worth noting that it has limitations it only works for some crops, and urban locations can be expensive.12. Where will upright farming be po

52、pular in the future?A. In cities.B. In plains.C. In deserts.D. In the countryside.13. What do the techniques mentioned in paragraph 2 have in common?A. Waste-free.B. Nutrient-rich.C. Soil-saving.D. Waterproof.14. Why is upright farming promising?A. The trade routes are not secure.B. Organic food is

53、increasingly popular.C. The economic benefit is substantial.D. Imports are becoming more difficult.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Upright Farming： How To Save Soil And WaterB. Upright Farming: What To Plant In The New WayC. Vertical Farming: Raising Agricultures PotentialD. Vertical

54、Farming： Lowering Environmental Impact【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的特点、好处和发展前景。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-rise farms while moving farms into urban areas, and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.（技术包括在垂直框架甚至高层农场

55、中种植，同时将农场转移到城市地区，以及生产无表土的营养作物。）”可知，垂直农业未来会在城市流行。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil.（垂直种植的农民在营养丰富的水中种植作物，所以植物可以在没有土壤的情况下生长。）”可知，第二段中提到的技术共同点是节省土壤。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic,

56、 chemical-free foods, but also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK for example uses more than 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.（这是有机部分受到了不断增长的需求，不含化学物的食物，但是也由国家寻求提高粮食安全和减少进口例如使用超过英国农业中国陆地总面积的70%，但进口的一半

57、以上的食物。）”可推断，直立农业有前途的原因是有机食品越来越受欢迎。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Upright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet.（直立农业是一种非常有前景的农业技术，旨在生产更多的粮食，以满足我们有限的地球上不断增长的人口。）”以及倒数第二段“The global vertical farming market is ex

58、pected to be six times bigger in 2026 than it is today.（预计到2026年，全球垂直农业市场的规模将是现在的六倍。）”及全文可知，本文主要是讲述垂直农业在农业上的发展潜力。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。How to Choose the Right University Degree for YouChoosing the right university degree is perhaps one of the biggest decision