lecture 9 汉英篇章翻译(2)连贯

1、Coherence in textual translationBy Hu Pengzhi 1. definitionl连贯：词语、小句、句群在概念、逻辑上合理、恰当地连为一体的语篇特征。连贯（李运兴P160）lCoherence is clearly not a mere feature of texts, but rather the outcome of cognitive processes among text users. lCohesion（衔接）： 通过词汇和语法手段得以实现lCoherence (连贯)：可以借助信息的有序排列来达到l连贯可使用“一明一暗”两种方式：“明”指运

2、用词汇手段，即所谓“连贯标记”（coherence markers），暗则指信息的合理排列，是一种无标记的连贯。2. Case of non-coherencel句内连贯不当; 句群内连贯不当；句群间连贯不当le.g. l蜜蜂这物件，最爱劳动。广东天气好，花又多，蜜蜂一年四季都不闲着。酿的密多，自己吃的可有限。每回割蜜，给它们留一点点糖，够它们吃的就行了。它们从来不争，也不计较什么，还是继续劳动、继续酿蜜，整日整月不辞劳苦.（杨朔荔枝蜜）lVersion 1: The bees are industrious while our province has good weather and pl

3、enty of flowers. They work the whole year round, and eat only a fraction of the honey they produce. Each time we extract it we leave them a litter sugar. They never argue or complain, just go on producing honey day after day. (英汉对照中国文学现代散文卷)lRevised: The bees are industrious. They work year round, s

4、ince our province has warm weather and plenty of flowers. Though they produce much honey, they eat only a fraction of it. Each time we extract it we leave them a little sugar. They never argue or complain, while just go on producing honey day after day. 3. Proper approaches adoptable.l3.1. 逻辑重组（logi

5、c reshuffling）: the reconstruction of coherence configuration(连贯结构) l从本质上说乃是思维转换过程：译者的思路要经历一个从原文连贯结构到译语连贯规范的转换。le.g.: 英语句群的逻辑层次多呈显性；汉语句群的逻辑层次则可呈隐性l白杨(white poplar)不是平凡的树。它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方的农民相似；它有极强的生命力(vitality)，磨折(hardship)不了，压迫(oppression)不倒，也跟北方的农民相似。（茅盾白杨礼赞）lWhite poplars are no ordinary trees.

6、 (But) these common trees in Northwest China are as much ignored as our peasants in the North. However, like our peasants in the North, they are bursting with vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression. (张培基译)3.2 逻辑顺组（逻辑顺组（logic copying）l如果分析不当，造成误解，就会变得谨小慎微，不敢解放思想，不敢放开手脚，结果是丧失时机，犹

7、如逆水行舟，不进则退。（邓小平文选第三卷）lOvercautious, emancipate, like a boat sailing against the current, one must forge ahead or be swept downstreamlVersion 1. If we fail to make a proper analysis and thus incur misunderstanding, we will become overcautious and dare not emancipate our minds and act boldly. Conseque

8、ntly, we will lose opportunities. Like a boat sailing against the current, we must forge ahead or be swept downstream. (Beijing Review)lVersion 2. If we fail to analyze it properly and to understand it correctly, we shall become overcautious, not daring to emancipate our minds and act freely. Conseq

9、uently, we shall lose opportunities. Like a boat sailing against the current, we must forge ahead or be swept downstream. 3.3 语篇推进层次语篇推进层次 （textual progressing）l行文的脉络，一个语篇，大到整个篇章，小到一个句群，总是按某一思维层次展开的。lDiscipline means choice. Every time you say yes to a goal or objective, you say no to many more. Eve

10、ry prize has its price. The prize is the yes; the price is the no. lVersion 1. 纪律意味着有取有舍。每当你对一个目标或目的表示同意，你实际是对好多目标表示了不同意。任何大奖都有代价。同意的是大奖；同意的是大奖；不同意的就是代价不同意的就是代价。lVersion 2. 纪律就是说它有选择性，每当你肯定一个目标或对象的时候，你同时也否定了更多的目标。每种奖励都有它的代价，肯定的是奖励，肯定的是奖励，否定的是代价。否定的是代价。lVersion 3. 自律就意味着有取有舍有取有舍。每当你选取选取了一个目标，也就同时舍弃舍弃

11、工其他许多目标。每项成绩的获得都要付出代价。成绩来自你的所所取取，代价就是你的所舍所舍。3.4 语篇意向语篇意向 （textual intention）lThe Soviets began to withdraw their forces form Afghanistan. The Vietnamese started leave Cambodia. Iran and Iraq, apparently locked in an endless battle whose frightful carnage(屠杀、残杀) over tiny increments of land and use o

12、f poison gas recalled World War I, agreed to a cease-fire. The Cubans seemed ready to leave Angola and the South Africans to leave NamibialVersion 1. 苏联开始从阿富汗撤兵，越南着手离开柬埔寨。伊朗与伊拉克显然已陷入一场无休无止的战争。为争夺寸土之地，双方不惜陈尸遍野，施放化学毒气，令人想起第一次世界大战的情景，而今亦同意停火了。古巴看来也愿离开发哥拉，南非准备离开纳米比亚。lRevised:l为争夺弹丸之地，尸横遍野，施放毒气，似乎已陷入犹如第一

13、次世界大战的深渊的依朗和伊拉克，而今已同意停火。l依朗和伊拉克而今也已同意停火，虽然它们曾为为争夺弹丸之地，尸横遍野，施放毒气，似乎已陷入犹如第一次世界大战的深渊3.5. 连贯的调整和补充（连贯的调整和补充（coherence readjustment and coherence complement）l恰逢山外集会(country fair/market day) ，猎手一不做二不休骑着自行车驮着只狼仔上了路。(4只狼仔当做4只狼狗仔很快就出了手。)lIt happened to be the time of the country fair outside the mountains. I

14、n for a penny, in for a pound. They hunter put his gain on his bike and set out on his journey/ journeyed to the fair. (There he sold them as baby dogs in a moment.)l我当时是接管中央美术学院(Central Academy of Fine Arts)的军代表。听说白石老人是教授，每月到学校一次，画一张画给学生看，作示范表演。有的学生提出要把他的工资停掉。l我说：“这样的老画家，每月来一次画一张画，就是很大的贡献。.”lI was

15、then the military representative at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. I was told that Baishi was a professor there and that he came to the academy once a month. Every time he came he would paint a picture as an example for the students to imitate, but some of them proposed that his salary should be

16、stopped since he came so infrequently. lI argued: ”To an old artist like him, painting a picture in a month has been a great contribution”3.6 叙述思路的转换叙述思路的转换 （shift in line of thought）l现在，他正衔着旱烟管，扒在洞窟随手捡翻。他当然看不懂这些东西，只觉得事情有点蹊跷。为何正好我在这儿时墙壁裂了缝呢？.（余秋雨道士塔）lWith a pipe in his mouth, Taoist Wang jumbled through his new discoveries in the cave. Of course, he didnt know their value. He just felt it strange, thinking