直变间英语八年级下第四单元

1、直接引语变间接引语面面观直接引语变间接引语面面观一、如何变人称：一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：主语的人称变化如：she said. my brother wants to go shopping with me. ”“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是指直接引语变间接引语时，若

2、从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：，如： ： he said to kate. how is your sister now?” shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.heaskedkatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中

3、的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：变化如： mrsmithsaid,“sheisagoodboy.”mrsmithsaidshewasagoodboy.二、如何变时态：二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时一般现在时一般一般过去时态；过去时态； shesaid:“iamastudent.”shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时 shesaid,hewi

4、llgotoseehisfriend.”shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。tomsaid,“iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.直接引语直接引语direct speech间接引语间接引语indirect speech一般一般现在现在时时一般一般过去过去时时现在现在进行时进行时过去过去进行时进行时现在现在完成时完成时过去过去完成时完成时一般一般过去过去时时过去完成过去完成时时一般一般将来时将来时过去过去将来时将来时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时

5、二、如何变时态：二、如何变时态：3)现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时；过去进行时；shesaid,“iamreadingabook.”shesaidshewasreadingabook.注意：以下几种情况时态注意：以下几种情况时态不变不变直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。theteacher said theearthmovesaroundthesun.”theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。jacksaid.“iwasdoingchoreswhentomcametoseeme”jac

6、ksaidhewasdoingchoreswhentomcametoseehim.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。接引语时，时态不变。jacksaid.iwasbornonapril2l,1980.jacksaidhewasbornonapril21,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： he said, “i get up at six every mornin

7、g。” he said he gets up at six every morning.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：（例：could, should, would, might） the doctor said, “you should stay in bed for 2 days.” the doctor said i should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式时和已经是过去时的形式时， 例：例： ought to， had better, used to peter said.

8、you had better come here today. peter said i had better go there that day.三、如何变状语：三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语时间状语由由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”（例：（例：now变为变为then, yesterday变为变为 the day before, today变为变为 that day he said, “i want to go swimming now. ” he said he wanted to go swimming th

9、en.地点状语地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，尤其表示方向性的， here 变变 there the teacher said ,“ you should come here at 7:00.” the teacher said i should go there at 7:00.指示代词指示代词修饰的状语，由修饰的状语，由“此此”改为改为“彼彼” 例：例：this 改为改为that he said, this books is mine.“ he said that book was his. 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动

10、词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take thedayaftertomorrowtwo

11、dayslater直接引语中的助动词直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动词间接引语中的助动词shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldshouldshould（不变）（不变）willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldwouldwould（不变）（不变）maymaymightmightmightmightmightmight（不变）（不变）cancancouldcouldcouldcouldcouldcould（不变）（不变）mustmustmust/had tomust/had to四四.如何变句型如何变句型 he said, “i have been

12、to the great wallhe said, “i have been to the great wall. ” . ” he said that he had been to the great wallhe said that he had been to the great wall. . he said, “ill give you an examination next monday. ”he said, “ill give you an examination next monday. ” he he told ustold us that he would give us

13、an examination the that he would give us an examination the next monday.next monday. she said, our bus will arrive in five minutes.“she said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.1.直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句用连词用连词that引导，引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的可直接用引语中的said,也可用也可用told来代替，注意，可以来代替，注意，

14、可以说说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that.2.2.直接引语是一般疑问句直接引语是一般疑问句, ,反意疑问句反意疑问句, ,选择疑问句选择疑问句 he said, “do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” he asked (me) whether/if i had any difficulty with my pronunciation. he said, “you are interested in english, arent you?” he asked whether i was interes

15、ted in english. hesaid,canyouswim,john?“hesaid,canyouswim,john?“heaskedjohnifhecouldswim.heaskedjohnifhecouldswim. doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?“ doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?“heaskedmeifiwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.heaskedmeifiwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.1)“caniborrowmoneyfromyou?”shesaidsheaskedme2)“a

16、rewefriends?”jimsaidjimaskedmaryif/whethershecouldborrowmoneyfromme.iftheywerefriends.3)“whenandwhereshallwemeet?”hesaidheaskedher whenandwheretheyshouldmeet.3.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句直接引语是特殊疑问句 he said to me，“whats your name?” he asked me what my name was. he asked us, “how many car factories have been built i

17、n your country?” he asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. she asked me, when do they have their dinner?” she asked me when they had their dinner. she asked me, what was jack doing when i come in?”she asked me what jack was doing when she came in.4.4.直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句间接引语应改为间接

18、引语应改为“tell (ask,tell (ask,order,order,begbeg等等) )sbsb(not)(not)totododosthsth.”.”句型句型。dontdontmakemakeanyanynoise,noise,the teacherthe teachersaidsaidtotothethestudents.students.shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise.“openthedoor,please,saidshe.sheaskedhimtoopenthedoor.the teacher said to the

19、students, “stop talking.”the teacher said to the students, “stop talking.”theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking. “donttouchanything.”hesaid.hetoldusnottotouchanything.5.5.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“lets”lets”开头的祈使句开头的祈使句变为间接引语时，通常用变为间接引语时，通常用“suggestsuggest+ +动句词（或从句）动句词（或从句）”hesaid,letsgotothemovies.he sugg

20、ested going to the movies.he suggested going to the movies.he suggested that they should go to see the movies.he suggested that they should go to see the movies.将直接引语改为间接引语：将直接引语改为间接引语：1.”im going home now.”she said. she said_2. “i will call you tomorrow morning.”alice said to tom. alice _ tom _.3.

21、“we are having a surprise party for linda now.” marcia said_4. “you can do better.” his father said to him. his father _him _5. “i should try my best next time.” jack thought. jack thought _6. “were not going to have lessons this afternoon.” the boy said to his father_.she was going home then.told s

22、he would call him the next day morning.they were having a for then.told he could do better.he should try his best the next time. they were not going to have lessons that afternoon.1.“li lei is reading a book,” peter said to lucy peter told lucy that li lei was reading a book. exercises2.“we will hav

23、e a football match ,”he told his mother.3.“they go to school everyday except saturday and sunday ,”the boy said. the boy said they went to school everyday except saturday and sunday. he told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow. 4. cousin sue said, “im sorry i didnt have time to come

24、 over and visit last saturday.” cousin sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the saturday before.一、直接引语改为间接引语一、直接引语改为间接引语 1、“please open the windows !” mum said to lucy. _ 2、lily wondered(想知道想知道), “how much is the pencil-box?” lily wanted to know_. 3、“your classmates will

25、visit miss wang this sunday.” mr li said mr li told me_. 4、“light travels faster than sound.” our teacher told us. _ 5、jims mother said “does jim study hard at school?” _ 6、a foreigner asked me “which is the way to tim mall?” _our teacher told us light travels faster than sound.jims mother asked if/

26、whether jim studied hard at school.how much the pencil-box wasmum asked lucy to open the windows. our classmates would visit miss wang that sunday a foreigner asked me which was the way to tim mall. 7、“is your father a reporter?” lucy asked me. _.二、完成句子二、完成句子 1. “i am having supper.” he said. he said that _ _having supper. 2. “i