人教版英语八年级下unit3讲解与练习

1、培生学堂 八年级下unit 3 could you please clean your room?b. a fewc. littled. a littlesection a1. few, a few, little, a littlefew 几乎没有+可数名词复数little 几乎没有+ 不可数名词a few 少数，几个+ 可数名词复数a little 一点，少许+ 不可数名词【例】 the girl in purple is new here, soa. fewthere are few people in the room.there was little rain all winter.

2、he left his house a few minutes ago.could you give me a little milk?people know her.2. solve vt. 解答，解决few students can solve the physics problem. problem 指客观存在的等待解决的 “问题” ，着重困难；e.g.: the students are working on a math problem. question 指对某事怀疑因而提出等待回答的 “问题 ” ，着重疑惑和不能断定e.g.: the students are asking th

3、e teacher some questions.3. for one week, she didn t do any housework and neither did i. neither + bj词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示 也不。e.g.: he doesn t like swimming and neither do i. 知识扩展：neither 作代词，意为 “（两者）都不 ” e.g.: neither of my parents is at home. neither 作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为 “（两者）都不的 ” e.g.: neither answer is r

4、ight. neither nor意为 既不也不”e.g.: the room is neither big nor bright. 典型例题：i can t play the piano, and .a. neither can my sister b. my sister can t, too.c. so can t my sister d. can my sister, either4. finally, i could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.or 连词 意为 “也不 ” ，表示并列关系，常用于否定句，连接并列的词或短语。e.g.:

5、 he can t read or write.表示选择关系，用于陈述句，意为 “或，或者” ；用于疑问句中，意为 “还是 ”e.g.: answer yes or no.is your bag red or black?表示转折关系，意为 “否则，要不然”e.g.: hurry up, or you ll be late.5. my mom came over as soon as i sat down in front of the tv.as soon as 一 , 就引导时间状语从句e.g.: he left as soon as h heard the news.【辨析】 in fr

6、ont of 与 in the front of 区别in front of在，的前面”，是指在一定范围外e.g.: mary is in front of the car.in the front of在的前部”，是指在一定范围内e.g.: cathy is in the front of the car.7. pass vt. 传递 pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物e.g.: please pass me a towel.=8. lend, borrow 和 keep 的区别lend vt.(过去式、过去分词lent)借给，借出 常用短语：len

7、d sb. sth尸lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物 延续性e.g.: jack lent his book to mary last week.borrow vt. 借，借用 常用短语： borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 非延续性e.g.: sam borrowed a car from his friend.keep vt. 延续性动词；保持，保存延续性e.g.: mary may keep the book for two weeks.典型例题：- can i your bike?- with pleasure. bu

8、t you mustn t it to others.a. lend; borrow b. borrow; lendc. lend; lendd. borrow; borrowsection b9. waste n. 不可数浪费，废物，垃圾e.g.: i hate waste.固定结构： a waste of time 浪费时间adj. 无用的，浪费的，荒废的e.g.: we shouldn t throw waste paper about.vt. 浪费e.g.: people shouldn t waste food.10. 四种 “花费 ”(1) spend vt. 指花费时间、金钱或精

9、力；主语为人。结构： sb. spend time/ money on sth.= sb. spend time/ money (in) doing sth. e.g.: she spent 50 dollars on the skirt.(2) pay v. 指支付、花费金钱；主语为人。结构： sb. pay (sb.) money (for sth.)e.g.: she paid 50, 000 dollars for the car.(3) cost v. 指花费金钱、精力等；主语为物。结构： sth. costs (sb.) money.e.g.: the house cost the

10、m a lot of money.(4) take v. 指花费时间。结构： it takes sb. time to do sth. it 为形式主语e.g.: it took him three weeks to finish the work.11. provide vt. 提供，供给结构： provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物e.g.: he has to provide food and clothes for his family.习语： it all depends. that depends. 视情况而定。12

11、. since连词 自以后；自以来，引导时间状语从句e.g.: it is two years since we visited your mother.由为，既然，引导原因状语从句e.g.: since we don t have money, we can t buy a house.13. as a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.as a result 习惯用语，意为 “结果，因此 ”e.g.: as a result, we had to change our plan.as a result of由于，作为的结果e.

12、g.: he was late as a result of snow.此处 fall(fell, fallen) 为联系动词 “进入某种状态；变成”finally she fell silent.【辨析】 fall ill 与 be illfall ill “生病 ” 一时动作 非延续 he fell ill last week.be ill “生病 ” 状态 延续 he has been ill for a week.conclusion of the unit1. do the dishes 洗餐具2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾3. go out 出去4. hel

13、p out 帮助做完某事5. at least 至少6. in surprise 惊讶地7. throw down 扔下8. all the time 频繁，反复9. spend on在花费(时间或金钱)10. as soon as 一就11. in order to 为了12. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物13. depend on 依赖，信赖14. look after = take care of 照顾，照看15. get into 进入16. as a result 结果，因此17. finish doing

14、sth. 做完某事18. mind doing sth. 介意做某事19. learn how to do sth. 学会怎样做某事20. the+比较级，the+比较级 越就越【 grammar】 - 情态动词 could 的用法情态动词 could 用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许， 用于疑问句， 代替 can， 在时间上与 can 没有区别，但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can,不能用could。除此之外，肯定回答还可以用 sure./ certainly./ yes, sure./ no problem. /with pleasure. 等；否定回答还可以用im afraid

15、not. 等could you please lend me your dictionary?yes, sure.could 的其他用法：(1) could 为 can 的过去式，表示能力。e.g.: he said that he couldn t come.(2) 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句，此时could 与 can 无时间上区别，但语气比 can 缓和，情绪要弱。e.g.: he couldn t / can t be over fifty.(3) 表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。e.g.: my wife is in hospital our

16、 baby could arrive at any time.(4) 用于虚拟语气e.g.: how i wish i could go with you!单元练习一单项填空(共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)从每小题所给的 a 、 b、 c 、 d 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。( )1. could you please your room, tom?a. cleaning, no problem b. clean, certainlyc. to clean, of course d. clean, no i couldn t ( )2. do you like

17、toyour bed? no ， i hate tochores a do； do b do； make c make； do d make； make( )3.you tell me how iget to the no 168 middle school?a do ； can b can； could c could ； can d could ； could( )4. miss white, i m going out, could you my child for a while?a. look for b. look over c. look at d. look after( )5

18、.you like a cup of tea?a. would b. do c. are d. could( )6. it is a year of ox. my parents gave a nice toy ox on new year s day.a. i b. me c. mine d. my( )7. meimei is the difficult math problem. i m sure she _lla. working on; work it on b. working out; work it out c. working out; work it on d. worki

19、ng on; work it out ( )8. could you the window? i feel a little cold.a. please not open b. please not to open c. not please to close d. please not to close ( )9. many kids like very much, but they are not good for their health.a.singers b. chores c. snacks d.watching tv ( )10. could i use your comput

20、er, dad? sorry, you . i m going to work on it.a. wouldn t b. can t c. needn t d. don t have to ()11. do you do the dishes? every day. a. how soon b. how long c. how often d. when ( )12. could you buy us drinks? sorry, i don t have money.a. any; any b. any; some c. some; some d. some; any ( )13. excu

21、se me, peter. there s something wrong with my car. could i ?a. go for a drive b. get a ride c. give me a ride d. go for a walk ( )14. there are still a few hamburgers. would you like to have one, julia?a. the other b. other c. others d. another( )15. my dad tells me not to too late in the evening. h

22、e says it is dangerous.a. stay out b. grow up c. come out d. get up 二完形填空(共10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 a 、 b 、 c 、 d 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。lisa is serious about the chores in her house. she gives her children things that they 16 do according to their ages. she started by asking john, the 17 of her

23、two sons, to help with the dishe s. it is now an easy chore 18 the 15-year-old. his 13-year-old brother, dave, now 19 john too they take turns ( 轮流 )washing the 20 each week.the boys also clean their study tables, make their beds and 21 food from the market on sunday mornings. besides ( 除了 ) these，

24、the boys also know how to cook easy meals 22 their parents are not at home.the family of 23 live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. lisa says, wh en i was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own and learn how to 24 ourselves. now i m doing it to my kids.john says, do

25、ing chores is 25 . you can learn important life skills and responsibility ( 责任 ). ( )16. a. must b. can c. may d. will ( )17. a. elder b. taller c. younger d. shorter ()18.a.withb. as c. for d.by()19.a.likesb. finds c. hatesd. helps( )20. a. hands b. dishes c. fruit d. clothes ()21.a.borrow b. cook

26、c. buyd. sell()22.a.whenb. how c. whatd. why( )23. a. two b. three c. four d. five ( )24. a. work on b.live in c.look at d. take care of ( )25. a. difficult b. good c. bad d. boring培生学堂 八年级下三.补全对话（共 5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。（rose and ann are talking about chores.）rose:

27、ann, could you please get me some water?ann: sure. 26rose: i sweeping the floor.ann: do you like it?rose: 27 it too boring, but i have to do it. how about you?ann: i hate sweeping the floor, too, but i like other chores.rose: really? 28ann: i like to make the bed and water the flowes.rose: 29ann: ye

28、s. 30 and you?rose: i agree. i often help my mother do the dishes.a.i think it relaxing.b.do you like doing the dishes?c. what do you want to do?d.no, not really.e.what are you doing now?f.yes, it very interesting.g.what chores do you like?四.阅读理解 （共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出一个最佳选项

29、。ado teenagers in small villages do chores at home? how about the teenagers in big cities? here is a survey. we asked 4,000 teenagers in china several questions. half of them come from big cities li ke beijing, shanghai and guangzhou.the others are from small villages.we made a diagram of the result

30、 of our survey. let have a look at it.we found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. maybe it is because they live a harder life. our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. doing chores teaches teenage

31、rs to take care of themselves.chores2000 te?nsgers m small ilhges2000in 31 口pjtake out 由亡 tra&li16001000sweep .he flour1200850make the bed1400750do thu jn41100600fold the clothes9001500( )31. they surveyed teenagers from small villages.a. 1,000 b. 2,000 c. 3,000 d. 4,000( )32. there are 1,000 teenag

32、ers from the cities who .a. take out the trash b. do the dishes c. make the bed d. fold the clothes( )33. fewer than teenagers in big cities sweep the floor and make the bed.a. 500 b. 1,000 c. 1,500 d. 2,000( )34. the number of teenagers in big cities is bigger than that in small villages.a. making

33、the bed b. taking out the trash c. folding the clothes d.doing the dishes ( )35. why did they make the survey?a. because they don t want teenagers in china to do chores at home.b. because they thought it will help teenagers to take good care of themselves to do chores at home.c. because they wanted

34、to know if teenagers in china do chores at home. d.because they thought it s not necessary for teenagers to look after themselves.can exhausted (筋疲力尽的) looking woman came into the doctor s office.she said, “ doctort,here are a lot of dogs all over my neighborhood. they bark (犬吠) all day and all nigh

35、t, and i can t get a good sleep. ”“i have good news for you, ” the doctor said, taking out a small bottle. “ hereare some new sleeping pills (安眠药) that work like a dream. a few of these and your trouble will be over. ”“ greatt,hank you. ” the woman was very glad to go back home with the pills. a few

36、 weeks later, the woman came again, looked worse than ever. she said, “ doctor,your pills are not good at all.i m more tired than before. ”“i don t understand how that could be, ”said the doctor, shaking his head, “ thoseare the strongest pills on the market. ”“ thamt ay be true, a” nswered the woma

37、n, “ buit m still up all night running afterthose dogs and when i finally catch one, it is hard to get him to eat the pills. ” ( )36. the woman came to see the doctor because .a. her dog was ill b. she was bitten (被咬) by dogsc. she couldn t sleep well d. her son was ill( )37. the doctor gave some pi

38、lls to the woman for .a. the dogs b. herself c. her son d. her neighbors ( )38. the woman got in a few weeks.a. worse b. healthier c. better d. stronger ( )39. which of the following is right?a. the doctor gave the woman wrong pills.b. the woman liked to run with the dogs.c. the woman took the pills

39、 but the pills didn t work at all.d. the woman might feel better if she took the pills.( )40. when he heard what the woman said, the doctor might think that .a. he gave the woman the right pills b. the woman was a very clever personc. the woman was very foolish (愚蠢的) d. he should give the woman the

40、pills again 五单词拼写(共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)a)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。1.1 i don think children should d（依靠）on their parents too much.42. john often helps his mother do c（家务），like folding the clothes , taking out the rubbish or cleaning the living room.43. alice h（厌恶）to do the dishes, but she li

41、kes sweeping the floor.44. playing computer games too much is a w（浪费）of your time.45. my bike is broken. could you l（ 借给）me yours, please?b)根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。46. my father often asks me (sweep) the floor.47. you dbetter learn to take (careful) of yourselves .48. during his first year, he often fell ill and his grades (drop).49. doing chores can help children to understand the idea of (fair).50. som