人教版英语八年级下册单词短语语法

1、人教版英语八年级下册unit 1 what s the matter?重点单词matter n.问题； 事情stomachache n.胃痛；腹痛foot n.脚；足neck n.颈；脖子stomach n.胃；腹部throat n.咽喉；喉咙fever n.发烧lie v. (lay)躺；平躺rest v. & n.放松；休息cough n. & v.咳嗽x-ray n. x 射线；x 光toothache n.牙痛headache n.头痛break n.间歇；休息hurt v. (hurt)(使)疼痛；受伤passenger n. 乘客；旅客off adv. & prep.离开(某处)；

2、不工作；从去掉onto prep.向；朝trouble n.问题；苦恼hit v. (hit)(用手或器具)击；打herself pron. (she的反身代词)她自己sick adj.生病的；有病的knee n.膝；膝盖ourselves pron. (we 的反身代词)我们自己climber n.登山者；攀登者risk n. & v.危险；风险；冒险situation n.情况；状况kilo (二kilogram)n. 千克； 公斤rock n.岩石knife n. (pl. knives) 刀blood n.血mean v. (mean。意思是；打算；意欲importance n.重要性

3、；重要decision n. 决定；抉择control n. & v.限制；约束；管理spirit n.勇气；意志death n.死；死亡nurse n.护士重点短语1. what s the matt?怎么了 ？出什么事了 ？2. have a cold 感冒3. have a stomachache 胃痛4. lie down 躺下5. take one s temperat钵温6. have a fever 发烧7. take breaks(take a break 休息8. get off 下车9. to one s surprise惊讶的；出乎意料10. right away 立即;

4、马上11. get into陷入；参与12. be used to习惯于；适应于13. take risks(take a risk)冒险14. run out (of)用尽；耗尽15. cut off 切除16. get out of离开；从出来17. be in control of 掌管；管理18. give up 放弃重点句型1. what s the matter? i have a stomachache.2. what s the matter with ben? he hurt himself. he has a sore back.3. do you have a fever

5、?yes, i do./no, i don ./i don t know.4. does he have a toothache?yes, he does.5. what should she do?she should take her temperature.6. should i put some medicine on it?yes, you should. / no, you shouldh t.7. you shouldn t eat so much next time.he should lie down and rest.he should see a dentist and

6、get x-ray.重点语法1. have在涉及健康问题的句子中的应用。2. 情态动词should和shouldn 表 建议、提议”或 请求”等。3. 反身代词。4. see sb. doing sthft示 看到某人正在从事某事或正处于某种状态 ”5. thanks to sb./sth表示 多亏；因为；由于unit 2 i ll help to clean up the city parks.重点单词cheer v.欢呼；喝彩volunteer v.义务做；自愿做 n.志愿者sign n.标志；信号notice n.通知；公告；注意 v.注意到；意识到lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的s

7、everal pron.几个； 数个； 一些strong adj.强烈的；强壮的feeling n.感觉；感触satisfaction n.满足；满意joy n.高兴；愉快owner n.物主；主人journey n.（尤指长途）旅行；行程raise v.募集；征集alone adv.独自；单独repair v.修理；修补fix v.修理；安装broken adj.破损的；残缺的wheel n.车轮；轮子letter n.信；函miss n.女士；小姐disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的blind adj.瞎的；失明的deaf adj.聋的imagine v.想象； 设想diffic

8、ulty n.困难；难题open v.开；打开door n.门carry v.拿；提；扛train v.训练；培训excited adj.激动的；兴奋的training n.训i练；培训ikindness n.仁慈； 善良clever adj.聪明的；聪颖的understand v.理解；领会change v. & n. 变化；改变interest n.兴趣；关注 v.使感兴趣；使关注sir n.先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为sir）madam n.夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为madam）重点短语1. clean up打扫（消除）干净2.

9、 cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来3. give out分发；散发4. come up with想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）5. put off 推迟6. hand out 分发7. call up打电话给（某人）；征召8. used to曾经；过去9. care for照顾；非常喜欢10. try out参加选拔；试用11. fix up修理；装饰12. give away赠送；捐赠13. take after （外貌或行为）像14. set up建起；设立15. make a difference 影响； 有作用重点句型1. i d like to help homeles

10、s people.she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.2. you could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.3. she volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.i m making some signs to put a

11、pound the school.重点语法1 .动词不定式作宾语；状语和宾语补足语。2 .情态动词could表建议的用法。3 .动词短语。unit 3 could you please clean your room?重点单词rubbish n.垃圾；废弃物fold v.折叠；对折sweep v. (swept) 扫； 打扫floor n.地板mess n.杂乱；不整洁throw v.扔；掷neither adv.也不shirt n.衬衫pass v.给；递；走过；通过borrow v.借；借用lend v.借给；借出finger n.手指hate v.厌恶；讨厌while conj.与同时；

12、当的时候；而；然而stress n.精神压力；心理负担waste n.浪费；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用provide v.提供；供应anyway adv.而且；力口之depend v.依靠；信赖develop v.发展；壮大fairness n.公正性；合理性since conj.因为；既然 prep., conj. & adv.从以后；自以来neighbor n.令口居川adj.有病；不舒服drop v.落下；掉下fair adj.合理的；公正的unfair adj.不合理的；不公正的重点短语1. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾2. all the time 频繁；反复3. as

13、 soon as 就； 尽快4. in order to 目的是；为了5. depend on依靠； 信赖6. take care of 照顾；处理重点句型1. could i go out for dinner with my friends?sure, that should be ok.2. could we get something to drink after the movie? no, you can t. you have a basketball game tomorrow.3. could you please take the dog for a walk?ok, bu

14、t i want to watch one show first.4. could you please take out the rubbish?yes, sure.重点语法1. could表礼貌的请求或者请求允许。unit 4 why don t you talk to your parents?重点单词allow v.允许；准许wrong adj.有毛病；错误的guess v.猜测；估计deal n.协议；交易relation n.关系；联系；交往communication n.交流；沟通argue v.争吵；争论cloud n.云；云朵elder adj.年纪较长的instead ad

15、v.代替；反而；去口whatever pron.任何；每一nervous adj.焦虑的；担忧的offer v.主动提出；自愿给予proper adj.正确的；恰当的secondly adv.第二；其次communicate v.交流；沟通explain v.解释；说明clear adj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的copy v.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印return v.归还；回来；返回anymore adv.（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）；（不）再member n.成员；分子pressure n.压力compete v. 竞争；对抗opinion n.意见； 想法； 看法skill n.技艺；技巧

16、typical adj.典型的football n.（美式）橄榄球；足球quick adj.快的；迅速的；时间短暂的continue v.持续；继续存在compare v.比较crazy adj.不理智的；疯狂的push v.鞭策；督促；推动development n.发展；发育；成长cause v.造成；引起usual adj.通常的；寻常的perhaps adv.可能；大概；也许重点短语1. what s wrong硼儿不舒服？2. look through快速查看；浏览3. big deal重要的事4. work out成功地发展；解决5. get on with和睦相处；关系良好6.

17、cut out删除；删去7. compare- with 比较； 对比8. in one s opinion看重点句型t get enough sleep.ss not a big deal.， s sorry.1. you look tired. what s the matter? i studied until midnight last night so i didn2. what should i do?why don t you forget about it? although shewrong, it 3. what should he do? he should talk t

18、o his friend so that he can say he4. maybe you could go to his house.i guess i could, but i don t want to surprise him. 重点语法1 . why don t you 融b 建议。2 .连词until, so that和although引导的状语从句。unit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点单词alarm n.闹钟begin v.开始heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地suddenly adv.突然；忽然s

19、trange adj.奇特的；奇怪的storm n.暴风雨wind n.风light n.光；光线；光亮report v. & n.报道；公布area n.地域；地区wood n.木；木头window n. 窗；窗户match n.火柴beat v.敲打；打败against prep.倚； 碰； 撞asleep adj.睡着rise v. & n.升起；增加；提高fallen adj.倒下的；落下的apart adv.分离；分开icy adj.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的kid v.开玩笑；欺骗realize v.理解；领会；认识到passage n.章节；段落pupil n.学生completely

20、adv.彻底地；完全地shocked adj.惊愕的；受震惊的silence n.沉默；缄默；无声recently adv.不久前；最近date n.日期；日子tower n.塔；塔楼truth n.实情；事实重点短语1. go off （闹钟）发出响声2. pick up （二pick up the phone）接电话3. fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着4. die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失5. have a look 看一看6. make one s way往；费力地前进7. in silence 沉默；无声8. take down拆除；往下拽；记录9. at first首先；最初

21、重点句型1. what were you doing at eight last night?i was taking a shower.2. what was she doing at the time of the rainstorm?she was doing her homework.3. what was he doing when the rainstorm came? he was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.4. what was ben doing when it began to rain heavily?w

22、hen it began to rain, ben was helping his mom make dinner.5. what was jenny doing while linda was sleeping?while linda was sleeping, jenny was helping mary with her homework.重点语法1 . make sure意为确认；查明；核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接借此of及宾 语，用于引入需要确认的内容。2 . remember （someone doing something固定搭配，意为 记得（某人）曾经做过某事3

23、.连词when和while引导的状语从句。4 .过去进行时。过去进行时由“was/were 动词-ing ”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特征的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。unit 6 an old man tried to move the mountains.重点单词shoot v.射击；发射stone n.石头weak adj.虚弱的；无力的god n.神；上帝remind v.提醒；使想起bit n. 一点；小块silly adj.愚蠢的；不明事理的object n.物体；物品hide v.隐藏；隐蔽tail n.尾巴magic adj.

24、有魔力的；有神器力量的stick n.棍；条excite v.使激动；使兴奋western adj.西方国家的；（尤指）欧美的；西方的（w可以小写）fit v.适合；合身couple n.（尤指）夫妻；两人；两件事物smile v. & n.笑；微笑marry v.结蜡gold n.金子；金币 adj.金色的silk n.丝绸；丝织物nobody pron.没有人 n.小人物stupid adj.愚蠢的cheat v.欺骗；蒙骗 n.骗子wife n.妻子；太太husband n.丈夫whole adj.全部的；整体的shine v. （shon 发光；照耀bright adv.光亮地；明亮地

25、 adj.明亮的；光线充足的ground n.地；地面lead v. （led）带路；领路voice n.声音brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的重点短语1. a little bit有点儿；稍微2. instead of代替；反而3. turn into 变成4. once upon a time从前5. fall in love 爱上； 喜欢上6. get married 结女昏重点句型1. how does the story begin?once upon a time, there was a very old man2. what happened next?as soon as t

26、he man finished talking, as soon as the man finished talking, yu gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.3. why was yu gong trying to move the mountains? because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.4. who is the money king? he is t

27、he main character injourney to the west5. what can t the monkey king do? he cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.重点语法1.连词unless, as soon a夺口 so that引导的状语从句。unit 7 what s the highest mountain in the world? 重点单词 square n. 平方；正方形 meter（二metre） n.米；公尺 deep adj.深的；纵深的 desert n.沙漠

28、 population n.人口； 人口数量 asia n.亚洲 tour n. & v.旅行；旅游 tourist n.旅行者；观光者 wall n.墙 ancient adj.古代的；古老的 protect v.保护；防护 wide adj.宽的；宽阔的 achievement n.成就；成绩 thick adj.厚的；浓的 include v.包括；包含 condition n.条件；状况 succeed v.实现目标；成功 achieve v.达至u；完成；成功 force n.力；力量 nature n.自然界；大自然 ocean n.大海；海洋 weigh v. 重量是； 称的重量

29、birth n.出生；诞生 adult adj.成年的；成人的 n.成人；成年动物 bamboo n.竹子research n. & v.研究；调查（用作名词时，重音可放在第一个音节） keeper n.饲养员；保管人 awake adj.醒着 excitement n.激动；兴奋 illness n.疾病；病remaining adj. 遗留的； 剩余的 wild adj.野生的 government n. 政府； 内阁 oil n.油；食用油；石油 protection n.保护；保卫 huge adj.巨大的；极多的 重点短语1. feel free （可以）随便（做某事）2. as f

30、ar as i know 就我所知3. up to到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有；不多于4. take in吸入；吞入（体内）5. in the face of对对（问题、困难等）6. even though （=even if）即使；虽然7. the pacific ocean 太平洋8. at birth出生时9. walk into走路时撞到10. fall over 绊倒11. or so 大约重点句型1. what s the highest mountain in the world?qomolangma.2. how high is qomolangma? it s 8,844.

31、43 meters high. it s higher than any other mountain.3. which is the deepest salt lake in the world?the caspian sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.4. did you know that china is one of the oldest countries in the world?yes, i did. it s much older than the us.重点语法1 .长用数字的写法和读法。2 .形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。u

32、nit 8 have you read treasure island yet?重点单词treasure n. 财宝;财富island n.岛page n.（书刊或纸张的）页，面，张hurry v.匆忙；赶快ship n.船tool n.工具gun n.枪；炮mark n.迹象；记号；分数 v.做记号；打分sand n.沙滩；沙towards prep.朝； 向； 对着land n.陆地；大地fiction n.小说technology n.科技；工艺french n.法语pop n.流行音乐；流行乐曲rock n.摇滚乐forever adv.永远abroad adv.在国外；到国外fan

33、n.迷；狂热爱好者southern adj.南方的modern adj.现代的；当代的success n.成功belong v.属于；归属laughter n.笑；笑声beauty n.美；美丽record n.唱片；记录 v.录制；录（音）introduce v.介绍；弓 i见line n.行；排重点短语1. full of满是的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的2. hurry up赶快；急忙（做某事）3. science fiction科幻小说（或影片等）4. country music （也作 country） 乡村音乐5. ever since 自从6. one another 互相重点句

34、型1. have you readlittle women yet?yes, i have./no, i haven t.2. has tina read treasure island yet?yes, she has. she thinks it s fantastic.3. have you decided which book to write about yet?yes, i have. i ve already finished reading it. it was really good.重点语法1.现在完成时（already, yetunit 9 have you ever b

35、een to a museum?重点单词camera n.照相机；摄影机；摄像机unbelievable adj.难以置信的；不真实的progress v. & n. 进步； 进展rapid adj.迅速的；快速的unusual adj.特别的；不寻常的toilet n.坐便器；厕所encourage v.鼓励social adj. 社会的peaceful adj.和平的；安宁的perfect adj.完美的；完全的itself pron. （it的反身代词）它自己collect v.收集；采集german adj.彳惠国的；彳惠语的；彳惠国人的n.彳惠语；彳惠国人ride n.供乘骑的游乐设

36、施；短途旅程province n.省份thousand num. 一千safe adj.安全的；无危害的simply adv.仅仅；只；不过fear v. & n.害怕；惧怕whether conj.不管 （还是）;或者 （或者）;是否indian adj.印度的 n.印度人japanese adj.日本的；日本人的；日语的 n.日本人；日语fox n.狐狸whenever conj.在任何时候； 无论何时spring n.春天mostly adv.主要地；通常重点短语1. amusement park 游乐场2. tea art 茶艺3. tea set 茶具4. a couple of两个

37、；一对；几个5. thousands of数以千计的；许许多多的6. on the one hand on the other hancf 方而另一方面7. all year round 全年 重点句型1. have you ever been to a science museum?yes, i ve been to a science museum .i ve been to a sciencesmum. 2. have you ever visited the space museum?yes, i have. i went there last year. no, i haven t.3. i ve been to the art museum manyes. me, too. and i ve also visited the nature museum.4. i i ve never been to a w