英文课件 生态文明建设

1、 introduction The environment is issue that affects all of us. Growing environmental problems such as global warming, air and water pollution are causing great concern among scientists and world leaders . The general public becoming increasingly aware of environmental issues and is expressing their

2、concern for the environment. Look at the picture and find the different types of pollution in our life. air pollution water pollution noise pollution deforestation waste electromagnetic radiation acid rain atmospheric pollution (ozone depletion) The Greenhouse Effect Acid rain Some environmental pro

3、blems Water pollution The Greenhouse Effect Carbon dioxide plays an important role in warming the earth by trapping the suns heat. This is known as the GREENHOUSE EFFECT. For millions of years the carbon cycle maintained a balance between the processes that add and those that take away carbon dioxid

4、e from the air. In modern times, people have upset this balance by burning vast amounts of fossil fuels, and so releasing excess carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Large areas of tropical rainforest have been destroyed, which in turn has reduced the amount of carbon dioxide used up by green plants

5、during photosynthesis （光合作用）. This has resulted in an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air. As the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air increases, more heat energy is trapped. Less can escape out of the atmosphere and the average temperature of the earths surface gradually increases. Sc

6、ientists are in doubt as to precisely how much temperatures will rise as a result of the continued emission of these gases. However, they argree that it could possibly cause severe changes in climate. Alaska（阿拉 斯加州）is collapsingasa resultofglobal warming. Polar bears are in danger of extinction as a

7、 direct result of global warming Acid rain When fossil fuels (gas, coal and oil) are burned, they produce sulphur dioxide. Nitrogen in（氮） the air is normally unreactive, but it reacts at high temperatures (such as inside a car engine) to form nitrogen oxides. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are

8、toxic acidic gases which can cause chest and lung diseases. They react with rain water to form sulphurous（含有硫磺的）,nitric（含氮 的） and nitrous acids（亚硝酸） which give rain a far greater acidity than normal. This is acid rain. Acid rain corrodes metals and the stonework of buildings and monuments. It can al

9、so cause harm by, for example, changing the pH of water in rivers and lakes. This, in turn, kills aquatic（水生 的）life. The level of acid rain can be reduced by burning fewer fossil fuels, and refining engines to cut down harmful emissions. Trees burnt by acid rain limestone （石灰（石灰 岩）岩）building contact

10、s with sulfuric acid rain. protections Thegovernmentshouldpasseffectivelyenforceexisting lawstostopindustriesfrompollutingtheenvironment. Wemustburnlessfuelandfindeffectivewaystocleanup theairandthewaterwaysorpreservethenaturalhabitat ofwildanimals Wecanbuyenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts,turnoffTVs,

11、 computersandlightswhennotusingthem. Encoragepeopletotaketransportsuchasbusesand subway. Plantmoretrees,uselesspaperorrecyclepapertosave trees,reuseandrecyclewaste,usefewerplasticbags. 联合国环境规划署联合国环境规划署 （United Nations Environment Programme，简称，简称UNEP） / /newscentre

12、/Default.aspx?Docu mentID=2716&ArticleID=9490&l=en Li Bingings visit to Kenya will focus on the far-reaching impacts of the illegal ivory trade. In the past decade, the number of elephants illegally killed in Africa has doubled, according to a recent UNEP study. Rise in Illegal Killing of ElephantsR

13、ise in Illegal Killing of Elephants In the past decade, the number of elephants illegally killed in Africa has doubled, while the ivory trade has tripled, according to a recent study by UNEP and partners, Elephants in the Dust Data from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CI

14、TES) monitoring programme Monitoring the Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE), shows that 17,000 elephants were illegally killed in 2011. MIKE covers areas home to around 40 per cent of African elephants, meaning the true figures may well be even higher. Indications are that the number of elephants k

15、illed in 2012 ran into the tens of thousands. 据环境署和其合作伙伴的最新一份研究报告尘埃中的大象，过去的十年 里，被杀戮的大象增加了一倍，非法象牙贸易增加了三倍。 根据濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约（CITES）监测非法猎杀大象（MIKE） 计划的网络监控（大约监控非洲总象群数量的40%），2011年17, 000头大象被 非法猎杀，实际数字可能更高。迹象表明，2012年成千上万头大象被猎杀。 Rise in Illegal Killing of ElephantsRise in Illegal Killing of Elephants In Ca

16、meroon, up to 450 elephants were killed early last year. Demand for illegal ivory remains highest in the rapidly growing economies of Asia, particularly China. Large-scale seizures of ivory destined for Asia have doubled since 2009. Weak governance in source, transit and destination countries is als

17、o contributing to the problem. 去年年初，喀麦隆的450头大象被残忍地杀害. 非法象牙需求在亚洲的新兴经济体国家保持快速的增长，尤其是中国。自2009 年以来，查获的大规模运往亚洲的象牙数量增长一倍以上。 产地国、中转国 和消费国的薄弱管理也是导致非法象牙贸易激增的原因之一。 Global Illegal Wildlife CrimeGlobal Illegal Wildlife Crime The World Wildlife Fund estimates the global illicit trade in wildlife to be worth at l

18、east US$19 billion per year, making it the fourth largest illegal trade in the world after narcotics, counterfeiting and human trafficking. Reptiles, sharks, great apes, and certain timber species are among the flora and fauna most affected by illegal wildlife trade. A recent UNEP study showed that

19、almost 3,000 live great apes are being taken from the forests of Africa and Southeast Asia each year. The main markets for the illegal trade in chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans include the tourist entertainment industry, disreputable zoos, and individuals who wish to buy great apes as exotic pet

20、s. 世界自然基金会估计，每年全球非法野生动植物贸易值至少达190亿美元， 成为仅次于毒品、伪造货币和贩卖人口的第四大非法贸易。 最受非法野生动植物贸易影响的动植物群包括，爬行动物、鲨鱼、类人猿 和一些木材物种。 环境署最新一份研究报告显示，每年几乎有3,000只猩猩被从非洲和东南亚 的森林中捕捉。黑猩猩、大猩猩和红毛猩猩非法贸易的主要市场包括，旅 游娱乐业、动物园和购买大猩猩作为宠物的个人。 Elephants should have Elephants should have teeth,andteeth,and its worth being happy for its its wort

21、h being happy for its mother.Butmother.But at the same at the same time.Ittime.It means dangerous to the little elephant. means dangerous to the little elephant. Every Every year,humansyear,humans kill elephants to make the artifacts which made kill elephants to make the artifacts which made by by i

22、vory.Andivory.And the female elephant keeps the female elephant keeps silent,meanssilent,means to be worried to be worried about her son.about her son. The Cove海豚湾 In the middle of September , the fishing village in the south of Japan will held a celebration activity called “killing dolphin festival

23、”. In the next six months, there will be more than 23.000 dolphins were slaughtered in Taiji waters, and every dolphins bodys flesh can sell for 50.000 yen (日元)(about 3.750 yuan). Dolphins blood almost will incarnadine（染红） the water. And this is only the beginning, Japans annual hunting dolphins num

24、ber increase to 20，000 heads.Such killing behavior is the worlds largest. 每年9月中旬,日本南部渔村太地町就会举行名为“杀海豚节”的庆祝活动。 在随后的6个月中,将有23000多头海豚在一个名叫太极湾的水域遭到屠杀, 而每只海豚身上取下的肉可以卖50000日元(约3750元人民币)。海豚的鲜血 几乎将湾内的海水染红。而这仅仅是开始,日本每年猎杀的海豚数量高达2 万头,巨头鲸数千头。此类屠杀行为是世界上最大规模的 The Cove海豚湾 The number of dolphins is more than 6 million in the world, and how many dolphins will be kill in the fishing village of Japan? - 20,000 . We put aside the deep-rooted dislike to the Japanese, let us look at the number of the killed dolphins in Japan.According to the statistics , the hunting dolphins total about 20.000 head inJapan ev