现在完成时公开课PPT学习教案

1、会计学1 现在完成时公开课现在完成时公开课 第1页/共38页 第2页/共38页 past now future 现在完成时现在完成时 一般过去式一般过去式现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时 第3页/共38页 第4页/共38页 第5页/共38页 第6页/共38页 5.缩写形式缩写形式 I have You have We have They have He has She has =Ive =Youve =Weve =Theyve =Hes =Shes 第7页/共38页 二、用法二、用法 1、表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果、表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 -Woul

2、d you like some bread? -No, thanks. I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿对现在的影响：不饿) 常与副词常与副词 just（刚刚）（刚刚）, already, before, yet（一般（一般 疑问：已经；否定句：还疑问：已经；否定句：还), never, ever等连用。等连用。 I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked th

3、e cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just finished my homework. He has not come yet. 第8页/共38页 常用于现在完成时的时间副词常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词介词: already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been t

4、o Beijing ? never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从以来) Ive worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So f

5、ar she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年) 第9页/共38页 第10页/共38页 2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态， 也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和 for（一段时间）（一段时间）, since（时间点）（时间点） 引导的时间状语引导的时间状语 连用。此外还可以与连用。此外还可以与 so far, in the last ten years,

6、by now, these days等连用。等连用。 I have been here for about 5 years. He has worked here since 1989. I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. Great changes have taken place in the last 10 years. 第11页/共38页 第12页/共38页 here _last Sunda

7、y _a week _a long time _1997 _two weeks _three years ago _ last month for since fo r sinc e since since for for since for sinc e since 第13页/共38页 第14页/共38页 注意点二：短暂性动词与现在完成时注意点二：短暂性动词与现在完成时 短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与表示时间段短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与表示时间段 的短语连用。这些动词是：的短语连用。这些动词是： buy , borrow ,become, begin, arrive, come,

8、 die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等等。为了表述相同的为了表述相同的 意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等等 来代替短暂性动词。如：来代替短暂性动词。如： 我买这个手机有三年了。我买这个手机有三年了。 I bought the cellphone 3 years ago. I have had the cellphone for 3 years . 第15页/共38页 1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 4. 这本书我已借

9、了4个月了. His grandpa has died for 2 years. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. He has left Shenzhen for along time. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. X X X X 实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 (die, join, leave, borrow等) 2)延续动词 (wait, know , learn 等) 注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用瞬间动词不能和时间段连用. 第16页/共38页 短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换短暂性动词与延

10、续性动词的转换 come/go be (in) leave be away (from) borrow keep buy have die be dead get to know know begin be on go out be off go out be off arrive be here/there marry/get married -be married catch a cold - have a cold fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep join the Party be in the Party/be a member of 第17页/共

11、38页 实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词 join begin/start borrow finish/end arrive/come leave die buy 注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用. 第18页/共38页 method 2: It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子. 1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nic

12、k joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 第19页/共38页 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have had a new dictionary for a week. 我买一本新词典已有一星期了。我买一本新词典已有一星期了。 They have come here for two days. They hav

13、e been here for two days. 他们来这儿已经两天了。他们来这儿已经两天了。 He has joined the League member for two years. He has been a League member for two years. 他已入团两年了。他已入团两年了。 The man has been dead for several years. The man has died for several years. 这个人已经去世好几年了。这个人已经去世好几年了。 练一练 第20页/共38页 1.I have borrowed the book f

14、or 2 weeks. ( ) 2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( ) A B C A B C B kept B been on 3. 这辆自行车我买了两年了。这辆自行车我买了两年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years. 4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years. 5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ for a month. had for has been away from has

15、been dead 第21页/共38页 注意点三：注意点三： 现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较 现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在，甚现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在，甚 至会继续下去，或表示过去的动作对现在造成的至会继续下去，或表示过去的动作对现在造成的 影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。 现在完成时属于现在完成时属于现在现在时态范围，因此，不能和表时态范围，因此，不能和表 示过去的时间状语连用。示过去的时间状语连用。 如：如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等

16、等 。 牢记牢记: when 不与现在完成时连用。不与现在完成时连用。 第22页/共38页 Put the following sentences into English. 1.A: 火车已经开走了。火车已经开走了。 B: 什么时候开走的什么时候开走的? A: 半个小时之前开走的。半个小时之前开走的。 2. A: 你看过这部电影吗你看过这部电影吗? B: 看过。看过。 A: 什么时候看的？什么时候看的？ B: 上周星期天看的。上周星期天看的。 A: The train has left. B: When did it leave？ A: It left half an hour ago. A

17、: Have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday. 试比较：试比较： 第23页/共38页 注意点四：注意点四：have been to, have been in, have gone to 的区别的区别 1、have (has) been in 表示表示“在某地（多长时间）在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。，现在仍在那里。 常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如： You have been in Zhongdu Middle Sch

18、ool for 2 years. 你们来中都中学已经有两年了。你们来中都中学已经有两年了。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。他们到加拿大有五年了。 2、have( has)been to表示表示“曾经去过某地曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。，现在已经不在那里了。 可可 与与just, ever, never等连用。例如：等连用。例如： Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。玛丽从未去过长城。 have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。

19、例如：后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如： They have been to Longyan several times. 他们去过龙岩好几次了。他们去过龙岩好几次了。 3、have (has) gone to 意为意为“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某，表示到了某地或正在去某 地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如： -Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。他到书店去了。 第24页/共38页 1. My parents the Great Wall twice. 2.

20、 - you ever Xiamen? 3.How long Peter the park? 4.My sister the shop. She will be back in two hours. 5.She Shanghai. She isnt here. 6.She Shanghai for two years. has gone to have been to Have been to hasbeen in has gone to has been in 练一练：练一练：用用have been to,have been in, have gone to填空。填空。 第25页/共38页

21、A A A B 当堂巩固当堂巩固 第26页/共38页 have bought have had Have been to has been away from has kept has been dead 第27页/共38页 has he How long die d has been dead has been open第28页/共38页 has been away joined ago It issince The bus has been here for ten minutes. 第29页/共38页 How is Ann? I _ her for a long time. A .don

22、t see B. wont see C. didnt see D. havent seen (2010 莆田莆田) Hasnt Betty come yet? No, and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours. A .wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waited 第30页/共38页 Is Mr. Baker at home? (2009辽宁辽宁) Sorry, he isnt in. He _ Dalian for vacation. A. has gone B. went C. is going D. goes Mr. Z

23、hang is a teacher of rich experience. He _ English for 20 years. (2010 宁德宁德) A. has taught B. will teach C. teaches D .taught 第31页/共38页 -How many times have you _ to Xiamen? -Three times. (2014福建）福建） A. been B. went C. gone D. go I wont forget my teacher because she _ so kind to me since I came to this school. A. has been B .will be C. was D. is (2013） 第32页/共38页 -I will return the book to Mary, but I cant find her anywhere. -s