语法--定语从句

1、英语定语从句英语定语从句 Attributive clause The baby is Jack. The baby is Jack. whose trousers are red who is wearing red trousers Which baby is Jack? Jack 穿红裤子的穿红裤子的baby是是Jack。 Which house is mine? 房顶是棕色的房顶是棕色的房子是我的。房子是我的。 The house is mine.whose roof is brown My house I like books. The books are about animals

2、. I like books are about animals.that I like movies The movies are about aliens. I like movies are about aliens.that I have a mobile phone. The mobile phone can play music. I have a mobile phone that can play music. I like going to the park. The park is near my house. I like going to the park that i

3、s near my house. I have books that are about animals. I want to go to the park that is near my house. The Attributive Clause（定语从句）：（定语从句）： books the park 我有关于动物的故事书。我有关于动物的故事书。 are is 我想要去离我家近的公园。我想要去离我家近的公园。 Thingsthat 概念概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl w

4、ho has long hair. 形容词作定语形容词作定语 句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句 关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair. 合并为一个句子合并为一个句子 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: : 1.1.当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. . These a

5、re the trees which were planted last year. 2.2.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. 分解分解 作主语作主语 1. who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略） The man （who/that/whom) I talked with is our

6、 teacher. A person who/that steals things is called a thief. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman. 分解分解 作宾语作宾语 2. whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如介词如介词 提前则不能省提前则不能省) The man (whom/who/that) I spoke to is Mr. Li. The man to whom

7、 I spoke is Mr. Li. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 分解分解 I know the girl. The girls mother is a teacher. 作定语作定语 3.whose多指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定多指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定 语，表示引导词与语，表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。后的名词为所属关系。 whose指物时可与指物时可与 of which互换使用。互换使用。Whose 用用 来代替来代替 his/her/their/its. This is the book whose

8、 cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. 4. that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that/which can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about. （作主语，不可省略。）（作主语，不可省略。） （作宾语，可以省略。

9、）（作宾语，可以省略。） 5. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省 略略, 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which/that were planted last year. This computer（which/that） he is using is made in China. Is this the library (which/that) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books? 指物，只用指物

10、，只用 which （作主语，不可省略。）（作主语，不可省略。） （作宾语，可以省略。）（作宾语，可以省略。） （作宾语，可以省略。）（作宾语，可以省略。） 6.that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下但在下 列情况下列情况下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。 (1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.

11、(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰时。修饰时。 Ive read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (5)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。引导的主句。 Who is the girl (that) drove the car? Who (that) broke the window will be punished. (4)

12、先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. (6)主句以主句以There be 引导时引导时 There are 200 people (that) didnt know the thing. 7.关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代 词一样词一样,在从句中代替先行词在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。在句中作状语。 where:在从句中作在从句中作地点状语地点状语,指代地点指代地点. when: 在从

13、句中作在从句中作时间状语时间状语,指代时间。指代时间。 1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel. The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean. 2.Ill never forget the day. +I joined the League on that day. Ill never forget the day when I jo

14、ined the League. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League . . the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom.

15、The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语) The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom. The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him. The boy (whom) you

16、want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab. This is the boy. I sit behind him. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit. The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will

17、give us a talk. The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk. He is the teacher. The teacher can speak French. He is the teacher who can speak French. Do you know the man? He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today? The lady stepped on his foo

18、t. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot. Do you know the man? You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today? apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The app

19、le which is red is small The apple which is green is big. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers. Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last

20、 night. Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night? Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now? (1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist we

21、 met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film. He is the kind person that I have ever worked

22、with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. 1.The man _ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous teacher. A. whose B. who C. which D. whom 2. I have bought the camera _ was advertised on TV . A. what B. why C. which D. who 3. I like movies _ are sad. I love “Sinking Ship” . A.

23、 that B. where C. who D. whom 4. -What kind of music does your sister prefer? - She prefers the music _ has great lyrics. A. it B. that C. this D. what 5. Do you know the man _ is talking with Mr. Wu. A. he B. is C. who D. whom 1. Is that the man _D_ helped us a lot after the earthquake? A. whose B.

24、 which C. when D. who 2. Disney is an amusement park _B_ you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters. A. which B. where C. that D. when 3. The girl _A_ I just talked with is Bens sister. A. whom B. which C. she 4. Thats the man _D_ house was destroyed in the storm. A. th

25、at B. whose C. who D. which 5. Sorry, we dont have the coat _D_ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 6. Ive found some pictures of the most interesting places _D_ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that 7.The book _A_ he bought yesterday is veryinteresting. A

26、. 不填不填 B. why C. when D. what 8.Do you know the man _C_ is sitting behind Lucy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom 9.This is the dictionary _A_ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 9. I like music that I can dance . A. with B. to C. along D. on 10. Some of her famous photos ar

27、e display in this exhibition . A. on B. in C. at D. about 11. Joe visit London last year. A. did B. real C. was D. goes to 12. Maths doesnt me at all. A. interesting B. interest C. interested D. interests 13. I want to buy a book radio. A. from B. to C. for D. about B A A B D 3. The man _ leg broke

28、in a match used to be a football player. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her. 1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music. who/that which/that whose 4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old. which/that 5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother. who

29、m 6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him. which/that 7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town. that 8. All _ we can do is to study hard.that 9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy. that 10. The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 11.W

30、e dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake. 12.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. 13.A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 14.Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake. 15.People _ study earthquakes

31、 thinks that there will be another big one soon. which/that who/that which/that which/that who/whom who 1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music. who/that which/that whose 3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her. 4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old. 5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother. which/that whom 6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him. which/that 7. Is there anything _ you