中学英语组积极词汇辨析.doc

1、中学英语组积极词汇辨析中学英语词组有很多你们大家知道有哪些是含有积极的意思的吗?接下来wtt给大家准备了中学英语组积极词汇辨析,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。中学英语组积极词汇辨析1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes统指各种衣服谓语动词永远是复数cloth指布为不可数名词clothing服装的总称指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident1,accidentincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,numberamount后接不可数名词number后接可数名词anumb

2、erofstudents4.family,house,homehome家包括住处和家人house房子住宅family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.5.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各种各样的声音voice人的嗓音noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.photo,picture,drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片picture可指相片图片电影片drawing画的画Letsgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,wordvocabulary词汇一个人拥有的单词量word具体的单词Hehasal

3、argevocabulary.8.population,peoplepopulation人口人数people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climateweather一天内具体的天气状况climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,wayroad具体的公路马路street街道path小路小径way道路途径takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.11.course,subjectcourse课程(可包括多门科目

4、)subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse12.custom,habitcustom传统风俗习俗也可指生活习惯后接todohabit生活习惯习惯成自然后接ofdoing.Ivegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因后接ofsth./doingsthreason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise运动锻炼(不可数)exercises练习(可数)pra

5、ctice(反复做的)练习Practicemakesperfect.15.class,lesson作“课”解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class516.speech,talk,lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说talk日常生活中的一般的谈话讲话lecture学术性的演讲讲课aseries2oflectureon.17.officer,officialofficer部队的军官official政府官员anarmyofficer18.work,job二者均指工作。work不可数job可数agoodjob19.

6、couple,paircouple主要指人或动物pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,landcountry侧重指版图疆域nation指人民国民民族state侧重指政府政体land国土国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cookercook厨师cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.22.damage,damagesdamage不可数名词,损害损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages23.police,policemanpolice警察的总称后接复数谓语动词p

7、oliceman指某个具体的警察Tblem,questionproblem常和困难连系前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raisequestion常和疑问连系多和ask,answer连用25.man,amanman人类aman一个男人Manwillconquer3nature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小鸡chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.telegram4,telegraph当电报解时telegram指具体的telegraph指

8、抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph28.trip,journey,travel,voyagetravel是最常用的trip指短期的旅途journey指稍长的旅途voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip29.sport,gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动如打球游泳打猎赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.30.price,prizeprice价格prize奖奖品奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof许多

9、谓语动词用复数。thenumberof.的数目谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof范围外的前面inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.33.oftheday,ofadayoftheday每一天的当时的当代的ofaday暂时的不长久的afamousscientistoftheday34.threeofus,thethreeofusthreeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeof

10、us-Tom,Jack5andIwenttothecinema.35.bybus,onthebusbybus表手段方式不用冠词onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.36.foramoment,forthemomentforamoment片刻一会儿forthemoment暂时一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyearnextyear将来时间状语thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38.morethanayear,morethanoneyearm

11、orethanayear一年多morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)39.takeadvice,takethe(ones)advicetakeadvice征求意见taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.40.takeair,taketheairtakeair传播走漏taketheair到户外去散步Wetaketheaireveryday.41.inaword,inwordsinaword总之一句话inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceofi

12、nplaceof代替intheplaceof在.地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.43.insecret,inthesecretinsecret秘密地暗自地偷偷地一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情知道秘密一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirlagirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?45.takeachair,takethechairtakeachair相当于sitdown坐下takethe

13、chair开始开会46.gotosea,bysea,bytheseagotosea当海员出航bysea乘船由海路bythesea在海边gobysea47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacherthedoctorandteacher指一个人既是医生又是老师thedoctorandtheteacher两个人一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris48.inoffice,intheofficeinoffice在职的intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.49.inbed,onthebed

14、inbed卧在床上onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.50.inchargeof,inthechargeofinchargeof管理负责照料inthechargeof由.照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclassinclass在课上intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefireonfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.The

15、houseisonfire.53.outofquestion,outofthequestionoutofquestion毫无疑问的outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecondasecond又一再一thesecond第.Hewonthesecondprize.55.byday,bythedaybyday白天bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeoplethepeople指人apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.57.it,oneit同一物体one

16、同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.Thatswhy.59.none,nothing,noonenone强调有多少nothing,noone强调有没有nothing指物noone指人-Howmany./Howmuch.?-None.60.anyone,anyoneanyone指人不能接ofanyone指人物均可可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,whatwho指姓名或关系what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.62.what,whic

17、hwhat的选择基础是无限制的which在一定范围内进行选择Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?63.other,anotherother后接名词复数another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notalittle,notabitnotalittle非常notabit一点也不Imnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。65.many,much,alotofmany和可数名词连用much和不可数名词连用alotof可数不可数均可但不用于否定句Ihaventmanybooks.66.muchmore.than,manymo

18、re.thanmuchmore.than后接形容词或不可数名词manymore.than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful67.no,notno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethannomorethan相当于only仅仅只有notmorethan至多不超过69.majority,mostmajority只能修饰可数名词most可数不可数均可themajorityofpeople70.byoneself,foron

19、eself,tooneself,ofoneselfbyoneself单独的独自的foroneself为自己tooneself供自己用的ofoneself自行的自动的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterallatall根本全然,afterall到底毕竟Afterallheisachild.72.tall,hightall常指人或动物high常指物体Heistall.73.fast,quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly74.high,hig

20、hly6high具体的高highly抽象的高高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的健壮的healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepysleeping正在睡觉asleep睡着熟睡只能做表语sleepy困的有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.Imsleepy.77.gold,goldengold指真金制品golden指金色的但金鱼用goldfishagoldring78.most,mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中相当于very当大部分大多

21、数解时是形容词或名词mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly.79.just,veryjust表强调时是副词作状语very表强调时是形容词用作定语theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders81.real,truereal真的真实的指的是事实上存在而不是想象的true真的真正的指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory82.respectful7,respectablerespectful尊敬有礼貌respectable

22、可敬的值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged883.outwards10,outward9二者均可用作副词表示向外外面outward还可用作形容词anoutwardvoyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant常用作定语pleased,pleasing常用作表语pleased主语常为人pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.85.understanding,understandableunderstanding明白事理的能体谅的understandable可理解的能够懂的anunderstand

23、inggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closely11close接近靠近closely紧紧地紧密地closelyconnected,standclose87.ill,sickill做表语sick定表均可asickboy88.good,wellgood形容词well副词但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.89.quiet,silent12,stillquiet安静的可以发出小的声音silent不发出声音但可以动still完全不动完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿一动不动也不说话。90.hard,hardlyhard努力

24、hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.91.able,capable13able与不定式todo连用capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing.92.almost,nearly二者均为“几乎,差不多”和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody93.late,latelylate迟晚lately最近近来Ihaventseenhimlately.94.living,alive,live,livelyliving,alive,live均为活着的living定表均可alive定表均可定语后置live只能做定语lively意为活波的allth

25、elivingpeople=allthepeoplealive95.excited,excitingexcited使人兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的Imexcited.Thenewsisexciting.96.deep,deeply14deep具体的深deeply抽象的深深深地deeplymoved,dig15deep97.aloud,loudaloud出声地loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)98.worth,worthy16二者均为值得worth后接doingworthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdoneItisworthvisiting.=Itsworthytobev

26、isited.=Itsworthyofbeingvisited.99.bad,badlybad形容词badly副词不好但与need,want,require连用为“很非常”gobadIneedthebookbadly.100.beforelong,longbeforebeforelong不久以后longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong.quite,ratherquite完全地相当于pletely,rather修饰比较级quiteimpossible102.happy,gladhappy高兴幸福定表均可glad高兴只能做表语ahappygirl103.inst

27、ead,insteadofinstead是副词放在句首或句末insteadof是介词短语放在句中Hedidntseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.104.toomuch,muchtootoomuch后接不可数名词muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodobeaboutto表最近的将来后面不接时间状语begoingto侧重打算想法betodo侧重意志计划安排Imtomeethim.(含双方事先约好的意思)106.raise,riseraise及物动

28、词rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.107.bring,take,carry,fetch1bring拿来take带走carry随身携带fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk108.spend,take,pay,costspend人做主语花钱花时间;spend.onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语花时间;pay人做主语花钱payfor;cost物做主语花钱109.join,joinin,takepartinjoin加入某个组织并成为其中的一员;joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in;takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoi

29、nedthearmyfiveyearsago.110.learn,studylearn学习侧重学习的结果study学习侧重学习的过程研究studytheproblem111.want,hope,wishwant打算想要wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现)hopetodo/hopethat.wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.112.discover,invent,findoutdiscover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西invent发明本来不存在的物体findout发现查明Atl

30、asthefoundoutthetruth.113.answer,replyanswer及物动词reply不及物动词后接toreplytotheletter114.leave,leaveforleave离开leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.115.rob2,stealrob抢劫robsb.ofsth.steal偷stealsth.fromsb.116.shoot,shootatshoot射死shootat瞄准但不一定射中Heshot3thebirdanditdied.117.drop,falldrop及物不及物均可fall不及物动词Pricesfell/dr

31、opped.Hedroppedhisvoice.118.search,searchforsearch后接地点searchfor后接东西Hesearchedhispocketformoney.119.used4to,beusedtousedto过去常常beusedto习惯于后接sth./doingsth.;被用来后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.120.win,lose,beatwin后接sth.反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem121.liveon,livebyliveon以.为主食liveby靠.谋生liveonfish

32、/livebyfishing122.beat,hit,strikebeat连续性地击打;hit打中对准打;strike打一下或若干下beatthewings123.meet,meetwithmeet遇到meetwith体验到遭遇到meetwithanaccident124.lose,misslose失去(具体的物体)错过sth.islost,losethechance;miss想念错过sth.ismissing5,missthechance125.betiredof,betiredwith/frombetiredof厌烦.betiredwith/from因为.而累了betiredwith/fr

33、omrunning800meters126.careabout,careforcareabout关心计较在乎一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心照料喜欢愿意Hedoesntcareabouthisclothes.Idontcareformovies.127.catchacold,haveacoldcatchacold不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用而haveacold可以Shehashadacoldforaweek.128.changefor,changeintochangefor调换成changeinto变成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesi

34、ntoice.129.continue,last二者均为持续continue主动被动均可last只能用主动Thewar6continued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.130.feed,raisefeed喂养养活饲养(togivefoodto)raise饲养养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily131.goforadoctor,gotoadoctorgoforadoctor去请医生gotoadoctor去看病132.notice,observe7,catchsightofnotice注意到o

35、bserve观察仔细地看catchsightof突然看到observethestars133.insist8on,sticktoinsiston坚持要求后常接doing,stickto坚持,后常接sth.sticktotheplan134.look,seem,appearlook指从外表上看seem指内心的判断appear指给人以表面的印象appearwise,looklikehisfather135.gather9,collectgather把分散的东西集中到一起collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectsts136.meantodo,meandoingmeantodo打算想要做

36、某事meandoing意思是意味着BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.137.diefrom,dieofdiefrom表示死于(枪)伤虚弱过度劳累饮食过度等dieof表示死于疾病饥饿寒冷年老忧愁失恋等精神因素dieofhunger10andcold138.payfor,payback,payoffpayfor为.付钱payback还钱但不一定还清payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt139.divide,separate11divide把一个整体分成几部分separate把连在一起的个体分开dividetheappl

37、e,separatethehouses140.arrive,get,reacharrive不及物动词后接in(大地点)at(小地点)get不及物动词后接toreach及物动词arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing141.grow,plantgrow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去plant移植移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plantthetrees,treesaregrowing142.manage,trymanagetodo设法做成了某事trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.143.ch

38、oose,selectchoose凭个人的判断力进行选择select有目的地仔细认真地选择choosethebestanswer144.build,putup,setup,foundbuild一般用语建成putup临时搭建setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全)found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool145.befamiliar12to,befamiliarwithbefamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookisfamiliartome.Imfamiliarwiththebook.146.agreewith,a

39、greeto,agreeonagreewith同意某人agreeto同意某事agreeon在.上达成一致意见主语是复数agreewithyou,agreetotheplan147.throwto,throwatthrowto扔到.,throwat朝.扔Hethrowastoneatme.148.receive,acceptreceive收到某一东西但不一定接受accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidntacceptit.149.wear,puton,dresswear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作It

40、scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.150.listen,hearlisten强调动作hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.151.look,see,watchlook看的动作see看的结果watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watchTV152.lie,laylie躺位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied)lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook153.workas,actasworkas工作是.actas充当某种职务或身份或扮演某种角色Heworks13asateacher.Heactsasanin

41、terpreter14.154.move,remove15move动一动但不一定移走remove从一处移到另一处removethetabletothekitchen155.hurt,injure16,woundhurt感情上受伤injure事故中受伤wound战争中受伤Hewaswounded17inthewar.156.turn,get,growturn表突变后常接表颜色的词get强调变的结果grow强调过程逐渐的变化turnyellow,gettired,growbig157.close,shut,turnoffclose和shut当关解时可以通用用于可开合的物体turnoff用于指有开关

42、的物体Close/Shutthedoor.TurnofftheTV.158.setout,setabout,setoff指出发着手解时setout后接todosetabout后接doing,setoff后接forsp.159.begin,startbegin侧重时间的开始反义词为endstart侧重由静到动的转折反义词为stopClassbeginsat7:30a.m.160.happen,takeplacehappen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生takeplace必然性的发生Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.161.at,in(表地点)at小地点

43、in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai162.atwork,inworkatwork在工作在上班inwork有职业有工作Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.163.increaseto,increasebyincreaseto增长到.increaseby增长了.Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.164.atease18,witheaseatease舒适地安逸地;withease容易地无困难地doitwithease165.dayafterday,daybydaydayaf

44、terday日复一日(无变化);daybyday一天天地(有变化)Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.166.like,aslike相似关系但并不等同as同一关系两者实为一体Donttreatmeasachild.(Infact,Imachild.)167.after,in(表时间)after接时间点in接时间段after7:00,infiveminutes168.between,amongbetween两者之间三者或三者以上两两之间,among三者或三者以上之间SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.169.a

45、fter,behind(表位置)after强调次序的先后behind强调物体静态位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.170.since,for(完成时间状语)since接点时间或一句话for接一段时间forthreeyears,since3:00171.onthecorner,inthecorner,atthecorneronthecorner物体表面的角上inthecorner物体内部的角落里atthecorner物体外部的角落上(拐角处)onthecornerofthetable172.warn19sb.of,warnsb.againstwarnsb.

46、of提醒某人注意某事warnsb.against提醒某人不要做某事warnhimagainstswimminginthatpartoftheriver173.atpeace,inpeaceatpeace平静地inpeace和平地liveinpeacewithonesneighbors174.onearth,ontheearth,intheearthonearth在世上在人间到底究竟一点也不ontheearth在地上在地球上intheearth在地下在泥土里nouseonearth175.insurprise,toonessurprise,bysurpriseinsurprise惊奇地toone

47、ssurprise使某人吃惊的是bysurprise使.惊慌Theair,ontheair,intheskyintheair正在酝酿中ontheair播送广播inthesky在天空中Hisshowisontheairat6:00hefield,onthefieldinthefield在野外onthefield在战场上Hhemarket,onthemarketinthemarket表示场所或地点在市场上onthema

48、rket出售Hesellsfishinthemarket.Fhesun,underthesuninthesun在阳光下underthesun地球上全世界peopleunderthesun180.inavoice,withonevoiceinavoice出声地withonevoice异口同声地Theyrefusedwithonevoice.181.through,acrossthrough穿越空间across在.上穿过throughtheforest,acrossthedesert182.ontheway,inthew

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