非谓语动与从句地转换

1、实用标准文案高考写作一非谓语动词与从句的转换知识讲解知识点1:不定式(短语)与从句的关系1. 【考查点】：不定式(短语)在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换(1) .To be able to help you is really an honor.(二That I m able to help you)(2) .He seemed to know the way.(=It seemed that he knew the way.)(3) .Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea.(=It is said t

2、hat Bush has decided to attack North Korea.)文档2. 【考查点】：不定式(短语)在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句(1) .We still don t know when and where to build a school.( 宾语)(二whe n and where we should build a school)(2) .1 advised him to go and see the doctor.( 宾补)(=that he should go and see)(3) .He thought it a great pity not

3、to have invited her. .( 宾语)(=That he hadn t invited her.)3. 【考查点】：不定式(短语)在句中作表语.,相当于一个表语从句(1) .My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible.(二that they should leave)(2) .My chief purpose has been for them to get a good un dersta nding.(=that they can get a good un dersta nding)4. 【考查点】：不定式

4、(短语)在句中作定语.,相当于一个定语从句(1) .The questi on will be discussed at the conference shortly to ope n in Beiji ng.(二that is shortly to ope n in Beiji ng)(2) .All dead, I was the only one to grow up.(=that grew up)5. 【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作目的.结果状语.,相当于一个目的.结果状语从句(1) .He came to the area in order/so as to study the

5、folk music there. (二in order/so that)(2) .The lady was so excited as not to say a word.(=so excited that she couldn t )6. 【考查点】：不定式(短语)在句中作原因状语.,相当于一个原因状语从句(1) .1 trembled to think of being punished by the boss.(二because I though of being puni shed by the boss)(2) .We were disappo in ted to have los

6、t the game.(=that we have lost the game)知识点2 :动名词(短语)与从句的关系1. 【考查点】：动名词(短语)在句中作主语，相当于一个主语从句(1) .Your going away (二That you went away) made the professor angry.(2) .Mary s not being made monitor (二That Mary was not made monitor ) made us sad.被动的动名词在句中作主语时一般不能省(3) .Being called a fool(=That he was cal

7、led a fool) hurt Bob badly.2. 【考查点】：动名词(短语)再句中作宾语或宾补语，相当于一个宾语从句(1) .1 remember being taken to Beijing(二that I was taken to Beijing) when I was five.(2) .He admitted having married Mary to a soldier(二that he had married Mary to a soldier).3. 【考查点】：动名词(短语)在句中作表语.,相当于一个表语从句(1) .My duty is serving the p

8、eople heart and soul.=(that I II serve the people heart and soul).(2) .The problem is his not hav ing prepared his less ons for the exam.=(that he hasn t prepared his lessons for the exam ).(3) .The difficulty is Mary s being caught between the two trees.=(that Mary is caught between the two trees )

9、.4.【考查点】：介词+动名词（短语），相当于个从句(1) .He was afraid of being scolded by his mistake.(二that he was )(2) .He was ast oni shed at her knowing you.(=that she knew you)(3) .We heard the news of our team hav ing won.(=that our team had won)知识点3:分词(短语)与从句的关系1. 【考查点】：分词(短语)作定语，相当于一个定语从句(1) .The hospital was an old

10、 building built in 1931(二that was built in 1931).(2) .Do you know the girl standing over there(二who is standing over there)?(3) .The man speaking to us the other day(二 who spoke to us the other day) has gone to Japan.2. 【考查点】：分词独立结构，相当于一个状语从句，其中伴随状语多与并列句转换(1) .Weather permitting, we II have the matc

11、h tomorrow.(=lf weather permits)(2) .The dark clouds having disappeared, the sun shone again.(=Whe n the dark clouds had disappeared)(3) .The monitor being illwe d better put the meting off.(=As the mon itor was ill)(4) .Other things being equal(=lf other things are equal), I d buy the black dress.(

12、5) .Given more time(=lf we were give n more time), we could have done it better.(6) .He came back, his hands tied to his back(二his ha nds were tied to his back).3. 【考查点】：分词短语，相当于一个状语从句(1) .On arriving(=As soon as I arrive) there, I II teleph one you.(时间)(2) .(While)waiting(二While I was waiting )for

13、the bus, I caught sight of her.(时间)(3) .Educated(二As he was educated ) by the party, he became a great fighter.(原因)(4) .Not having received(二Because I hadn t received an answer, I wrote to him again.(原因)(5) .(If) given(=If we had bee n give n )eno ugh time, e could have done it better.(条件)(6) .(Thou

14、gh) having made(二Though he had made) great achievements, he didn t pride.( 让步)4. 【考查点】：分词短语作状语，可表伴随，结果，相当于and的并列句，也可和 with转换(1) .He died, leaving his daughter much mon ey.(=a nd left)(2) .The teacher en tered the lab, followed by our students.(二and he was followed by our students =with us following

15、him=and we followed him)5. 【考查点】：分词短语在句中作宾语或宾语补足语，相当于一个宾语从句(1) .He found the windows broken.(二He found that the windows were broken.)(2) .1 felt my heart beating fast at the n ews of bomb explosi on.(=I felt that my heart was besting fast at the news of bomb explosion)知识点4 :特殊转换1. 【考查点】：动名词复合结构相当于从句

16、(1) .Sophia s having seen them(二That Sophia had seen them) didn t surprised us.(2) .1 can t bear his (him) staying up so late(二that he stays up so late).(3) .We en courage students livi ng in the school(二that stude nts live in the school).(4) .What was disappointing was our not being able to go for

17、a picnic (that we were not able to go for a pic ni c).2.【考查点】：there+being+其他成分(1) .There being nothing to do, we played games.(二Because there was nothing to do)(原因）原因）(2) .They closed the store, there being no customers.(二Because ther was no customers)(四、例题精析【例题1 Every one in our class was work ing

18、hard and doing what we coulda good college.A. en terB. to en terC. en teri ngD. en tered【答案Benter。其Every one in【解析容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could就断定此处应填动词原形实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在could后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为。即句中的不起构成谓语。our class was work ing hard and doing what we could do to en ter a good college 定式短语(to enter a

19、good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)【例题2He knows nothing about it, so he cant helpany of your work.A. doingB. to doC. being doingD. to be done【答案B【解析容易误选A，根据cant help doing sth这一结构推出。其实答案应选 B。比较以下结构:cant help to do sth =不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事【例题3】The purpose of new tech no logi

20、es is to make life easier,it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to make C. not makingD. do not make【答案】B【解析】容易误选C,受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。其实答案应选B,句中的逗号相当于连词 and或but，not to make it more difficult是对逗号前的不定式 to make lifeeasier的补充说明。此句的意思是新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是使生活变得更困难。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语purpose的内容。五、课堂运用【基础】1

21、. Mrs. White showed her student some old mapsfrom the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing【答案】C【解析】解析：此题考察非谓语动词做定语。非谓语动词做定语，首先判断动词与所修饰名词的主动还是被动关系，borrow和maps是被动关系，被动关系时非谓语动词形式有三种：to be done表示动 作将要发生，being done表示动作正在发生，done表示动作已经完成，根据句意 borrow的动作已 经完成，因此选择C。句意：怀特夫人向学生们展示了从图

22、书馆借来的一些老地图。2. With Father s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bankprese nts for my dad.A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought【答案】B【解析】解析：动词不定式的一般式作目的状语。“买礼物”发生在“从银行取了一些钱”后，所以D不可以选。句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。3. Thoughto see us , the professor gave us a warm welcome。A

23、. surpriseB was surprisedC. surprised D. being surprised【答案】C，跟后面句子的主【解析】解析：省略结构和非谓语动词考查。补完整为：Though he was surprised语一致，可以省略主语和系动词。【巩固】1. He had won derful childhood,with his mother to all cor ners of the wordA. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling【答案】D【解析】解析：主语（he）与动词travel之间存在主动关系，故用trave

24、ling作伴随状语2ts no use over spilt milk.A.cryB.cryi ngC.that you cryD.for you to cry【答案】B【解析】It is no good (use ) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，形式主语。主句中的表语可以是 no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。3.The murderer was brought in, with his handsbeh ind his back.A. to be tied B. being tiedC. tie

25、d D. hav ing tied【答案】C【解析】容易误选B。最佳答案为C。从意义上看，ha nds与tie的关系应属被动关系，故排除 D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，也就是说his hands being tied的实际意思是他的手正在被捆住，这显然与语境不符。而 C为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的with his hands tied behi nd hisback可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳答案为C。【拔高】1.0 nce your bus in ess becomes in ter nati on al,con sta ntly will be part of your life.A. you fly B. your flightC. flightD. flyi ng【答案】D【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案为 D。由于空格后出现了 constantly这一副词，这就说 明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词