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1、1 CENTURY BUSINESS ENGLISH 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 阅读教程(基础篇阅读教程(基础篇I I)(第四版)(第四版) 世纪商务英语世纪商务英语 主编:王洗薇主编:王洗薇 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 课程目的课程目的 通过教学让大家理解、熟悉商业领域中常用词通过教学让大家理解、熟悉商业领域中常用词 和词组的含义及用法,熟练掌握有效地阅读商业和词组的含义及用法,熟练掌握有效地阅读商业 文章所需要的技巧、策略与商务英语专业词汇,文章所需要的技巧、策略与商务英语专业词汇, 并通过大量的专题阅读练习,增强语感,从而全并通

2、过大量的专题阅读练习,增强语感,从而全 面提高学生通过阅读指南、手册、杂志、报纸、面提高学生通过阅读指南、手册、杂志、报纸、 公司介绍、报告和合同等商务材料以获取各种商公司介绍、报告和合同等商务材料以获取各种商 业信息的能力,为毕业后成为适应社会需要的应业信息的能力,为毕业后成为适应社会需要的应 用型涉外商务工作者打下坚实的基础。用型涉外商务工作者打下坚实的基础。 4 Unit One Business Language 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Business Language Do you know how native speakers

3、 should use English in business contexts and why Chinese is becoming popular in South Korea? You will know the answers after the learning of this unit. Besides, you will also read an introduction to a training course which shows the features of effective English training methods and learn some readi

4、ng skills about how to guess the meaning of new words from context clues. 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Business Language Reading Skill Focus Words and Expressions Practical Reading Comprehensive Reading 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Successful readers use a variety of plans to deal with words they do

5、 not know. They may study the formation or parts of the word, or they may make use of definition, its synonym or antonym provided by the author to work out its meaning. Determining meaning through context is the most effective method for handling unknown words. Context Clues (1) 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 R

6、eading Skill Focus That is, examine the sentence in which the word appears, or even the sentence before and after the word. When the surrounding text contains a hint or suggestion to help determine the meaning of the unknown word, we refer to this hint or suggestion as context clue. There are common

7、ly six types of context clues: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus 1. Inference /General Sense Context Clues(推论/常识) 2. Contrast /Antonym Clues(对比/反义) 3. Restatement /Synonym Clues(重述/同义) 4. Example Clues(示例) 5. Cause and Effect Relationship Clues(因果关系) 6. Definition Clues(定义) We will discuss the

8、six types of context clues from Unit 1 to Unit 4. In this unit, we will begin with Inference /General Sense Context Clues and Contrast/Antonym Clues. 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Inference/General Knowledge Clues Sometimes a word or phrase is not immediately made clear within the same sent

9、ence. Relationships, which are not directly apparent, are implied. The reader must look for clues within, before, and after the sentence in which the word is used. Contrast/Antonym Clues In some sentences, we will find two words with opposite meanings. If we know the meaning of one word, we will be

10、able to guess the meaning of the other word. The clue words commonly used in the sentences are: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Clue Words butwhile yetthough howeveralthough neverthelesseven though converselyin spite of in contrast on the contrary despiteon the other hand Punctuation Semicolo

11、n; 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus AGuided Practice Sample 1 As you look down from the tower, you have the panorama of sea, bay, city and countryside. A. real beauty B. great excitement C. whole idea D. complete view Clue: 当“panorama”作为单独一个词出现时,你可能猜不 出它的意思, 不过当你读到后面的词“sea, bay, city”和 “countr

12、yside”时,通过推理就会猜出它的意思与“视野” 有关。因此从所给的四个选项中,可以确定D 为正确选项。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Sample 2 Elvis Presley was afraid of being assassinated, and he wore a bullet-proof vest, but he couldnt stay away from the crowds who loved him. A. laughed at B. killed C. taken away D. beaten Clue: 从后面的句子可

13、以分析出Elvis Presley 所担心的是 “be killed”,否则的话,他不会穿上防弹背心(bullet-proof vest)。因此B 为正确选项。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Sample 3 Some students tried to help, but some tried to hinder him. Clue: “but”这个线索词表明“hinder”与“help”的词义形 成对比,由此可以猜出“hinder”这个词含有“阻止,阻 挠”的意思。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus

14、 BLets Try Try to figure out the meaning of the underlined words in the following sentences and explain the clues. 1. I cant believe it! Right in the middle of our conversation, Peter turned around abruptly and walked out of the room! A. formally B. slowly C. suddenly D. quietly 首先,第一句话表明说话人对于后面发生的事

15、情感到非常首先,第一句话表明说话人对于后面发生的事情感到非常 惊讶。从第二句话中,我们明白了惊讶。从第二句话中,我们明白了“当我们正在谈话时,彼得当我们正在谈话时,彼得 很唐突地(很唐突地(abruptly)转身离开了房间)转身离开了房间”,这就是说话人为什,这就是说话人为什 么感到吃惊的原因。选项中最接近这个意思的应该是么感到吃惊的原因。选项中最接近这个意思的应该是C项。项。 Clue: C ( ) 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 After the harvest, we had an abundant amount of apples. We made apple pie, app

16、lesauce, and apple juice because we had so many apples! A. small B. not enough C. limited D. plentiful D ( ) 通过后面句子中的解释通过后面句子中的解释“because we had so many apples”,推测出,推测出“苹果大丰收苹果大丰收”,因此可以猜出,因此可以猜出 “abundant”的意思是的意思是“丰富的,大量的丰富的,大量的”,正确答案,正确答案 是是D项。项。 Clue: Reading Skill Focus 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading

17、 Skill Focus When Sara was sick, her voice was almost inaudible. We couldnt hear what she was trying to say clearly. A. very loud B. very soft C. very strange D. very shy B ( ) 通过前面句子设定的背景(通过前面句子设定的背景(when Sara was sick),), 再加上后面句子的描述(再加上后面句子的描述(We couldnt hear what she was trying to say),很显然,),很显然,

18、Sara说话的声音很轻,说话的声音很轻,B 项为正确答案。项为正确答案。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus 4. There is an optimum way to approach each kind of exam question. For a multiple-choice item, for example, first remove any clearly wrong answers. For an essay question, write down an outline first. A. inconvenient B.

19、 best C. annoying D. easy B ( ) 后两句对考试答题的方法进行了讲解,根据常识可后两句对考试答题的方法进行了讲解,根据常识可 以判断,这两种方法应该是比较好的。因此,可以排除以判断,这两种方法应该是比较好的。因此,可以排除A, C,D三个选项。三个选项。optimum的意思是的意思是“最优的,最佳的最优的,最佳的”。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus The doctor said that there was only a slim hope of survival for the people in the

20、 air crash. A. numerous B. considerable C. moderate D. very little D ( ) 根据常识,在空难(根据常识,在空难(air crash)中生还的可能性一)中生还的可能性一 般很小,所以,般很小,所以,“医生医生”表达的意思应该是表达的意思应该是“乘客幸存的乘客幸存的 希望渺茫(希望渺茫(only a slim hope of survival)” Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Black clouds, thunder and lightning show that a

21、 storm is imminent. A. transient B. about to happen C. coming to an end D. to last long B ( ) 根据常识,在空难(根据常识,在空难(air crash)中生还的可能性一)中生还的可能性一 般很小,所以,般很小,所以,“医生医生”表达的意思应该是表达的意思应该是“乘客幸存的乘客幸存的 希望渺茫(希望渺茫(only a slim hope of survival)” Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus They suspended the constru

22、ction of the bridge during the strike. A. opposed B. supported C. continued D. delayed D ( ) 在该句中,非常重要的线索就是在该句中,非常重要的线索就是“strike”这个词。这个词。 “在工人罢工期间,他们只能推迟(在工人罢工期间,他们只能推迟(suspend)桥梁的建)桥梁的建 造。造。”所以,正确答案是选项所以,正确答案是选项D。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus In the past the world seemed to run in a

23、n orderly way. Now however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. A. lack of order B. harmony C. peace D. simplicity A ( ) 此句中,以信号词此句中,以信号词however为线索,可以看出作者为线索,可以看出作者 把现在的事情与过去相比。过去是把现在的事情与过去相比。过去是in an orderly way“秩秩 序井然序井然”,而现在是,而现在是“in a state of turmoil”,即没有秩,即没有秩 序,因此正确答案是选项序,因此正确答案是选项A

24、。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus During office hour he looked very tense and anxious, but he was very relaxed on weekend. A. unhappy B. nervous C. exhausted D. sick B ( ) “but” 这个线索词表明这个线索词表明“tense”与与“relaxed”的词的词 义形成对比,由此可以猜出义形成对比,由此可以猜出“tense”这个词含有这个词含有“紧张紧张” 的意思。的意思。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社

25、大连理工大学出版社 Reading Skill Focus Unlike the well-mannered John, Jim was rather uncouth. A. rude B. polite C. untidy D. informal A ( ) “unlike”这个线索词表明在原句中这个线索词表明在原句中John和和Jim在行在行 为举止方面是截然相反的,为举止方面是截然相反的,John彬彬有礼(彬彬有礼(well- mannered),由此可以推测出),由此可以推测出uncouth的意思是的意思是“粗鲁粗鲁 的的”。 Clue: 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Comp

26、rehensive Reading Text A Is Your English Too English? English may be the language of business but as Alison Thomas reports, its not only non-native speakers who need to learn how to use it . Ask a Swedish “Talar du Svenska?”and he may well reply “Yes. But only at home. international international a.

27、 国际的,世界的effectively ad. 有效地,有力地executive n. 业务主管 a. 执行的 英语是国际商务语言,但是正如艾莉森英语是国际商务语言,但是正如艾莉森托马斯报道托马斯报道 的,不仅仅是非英语国家的人需要学习如何有效地使用英的,不仅仅是非英语国家的人需要学习如何有效地使用英 语。语。 如果问一位瑞典爱立信公司的管理人员:如果问一位瑞典爱立信公司的管理人员:“你讲你讲 瑞典语吗?瑞典语吗?”他的回答可能是:他的回答可能是:“讲,但只在家里。讲,但只在家里。 Ericsson Ericsson: 爱立信公司, 世界知名的电信供应商和移 动通讯供应商;公司总部位于瑞典。

28、大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 (1)有效地;生效地 eg. Children have to learn to communicate effectively. (2)实际上,事实上 eg. Effectively, their response was a refusal. 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 CEO=Chief Executive Officer (执行总裁) 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Comprehensive Reading At work I speak English.” is one of European companies that us

29、e English as their official language. These companies and at the same time increase the of English as the language of international communication. Soon speakers of English as a second language will exceed that of native English speakers. Corporate 公司的,团体的 dominance Dominance 优势,统治(地位) 工作时讲英语。工作时讲英语。

30、”越来越多的欧洲公司把英语作为公司的越来越多的欧洲公司把英语作为公司的 官方语言,爱立信公司便是其中之一。与此同时,这些公官方语言,爱立信公司便是其中之一。与此同时,这些公 司认识并提高了英语作为国际交流语言的统治地位。不久司认识并提高了英语作为国际交流语言的统治地位。不久 以后,使用英语作为第二语言的人数将超过母语为英语的以后,使用英语作为第二语言的人数将超过母语为英语的 人数。人数。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 adj.社团的,法人的 n.公司 大量 的数量 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 v (1) to accept or admit that something is

31、 true承认承认(事实事实) He recognized his lack of qualifications/that he was not qualified for the post. 他承认自己不够条件(没有资格)担任那个职务。 (2) to know who someone is or what something is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past 认出,识别;认识认出,识别;认识 I didnt recognize you in your uniform

32、. 你穿着制服,我没认出来是你。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 If you realize a fact, you know and understand it, or begin to understand it. Do you realize how dangerous this is? 你没意识到这有多危险吗? If you recognize a fact or problem, you accept that it exists We recognize that many students need extra help. 我们认识到很多学生需要额外帮助。 大连理工大学出

33、版社大连理工大学出版社 n. the fact of being more powerful, more important, or more noticeable than other people or things优势;支配(地位),统治(地位) dominance of the continuing dominance of the army 军队的持续统治 political/economic/cultural etc. dominance the economic and political dominance of Western countries 西方国家的经济政治统治地位

34、dominance over televisions dominance over other media 电视相对于其他媒体的优势地位 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Comprehensive Reading Although a company might use English as its official language, its are unlikely to be . Language trainer, Jacquie Reid, thinks we consistently the fluency of non-native speakers. “We always

35、that their language skills are as good as ours, so they understand everything we say.” bilingual 双语的Overestimate 估计,评估 assume assume 假定,设想 尽管公司可以将英语作为它的官方语言,但员工 们不可能熟练地掌握两门语言。语言培训师夏克雷德 认为我们经常会高估了非母语者的流利程度。“我们 总是认为因为他们的语言技能与我们一样好,所以他 们能听懂我们所说的一切。” 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 n.雇员 n.雇主 = bi + lingual bi- 二、双边的

36、 tri- 三 eg. triangle 三角 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 ad. 一贯地,一向 He has been acting consistently in bad faith and the time when he keeps his promise will never come 他一贯不讲信用, 要想让他履行诺言基本是不可能的。 a. The last five years have seen a consistent improvement in the countrys economy. 在最近的五年里,这个国家的经济状况一直在好转。 大连理工大学出版社大连理工

37、大学出版社 (1) vt. Individual Paced Structure; Teaching Pattern Centered on Students; High Technology Combine with Foreign Teachers; Personalized Progress Reports; A Real Life Environment There are private classes, expansion classes, salons and extra curricular activities that provide students an ideal e

38、nvironment for acquiring and using the English language. 答案答案 答案答案 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Words and Expressions Text A international a. 国际的,世界的 effectively ad. 有效地,有力地 executive n. 业务主管 a. 执行的 corporate a. 公司的,团体的 recognize v. 认可,承认 dominance n. 优势,统治(地位) communication n. 交流;通信 employee n. 职工,雇员 bilingu

39、al a. 双语的 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 Words and Expressions consistently ad. 一贯地 overestimate v. 估计,评估 fluency n. 流利,流畅 assume v. 假定,设想 adapt v. 使适应;改编 simplify v. 单一化简单化 manageable a. 可管理的,便于管理的 chunk n. 语块;大块 consultant n. 顾问,咨询者 approach n.方法,途径v. 接近 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社 issue n. 问题,议题v. 出版,发行 idiomatic a. 惯用的,符合语言习惯的 insist v. on坚持 culture-specific a. 文化限定的 majority n. 多数,大半

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