动词不定式专题复习PPT学习教案

1、会计学1 动词不定式专题复习动词不定式专题复习 动词不定式的构成：动词不定式的构成： 肯定式：肯定式： to +动词原形动词原形 否定式：否定式： not to +动词原形动词原形 复合结构复合结构: for sb. to do 第1页/共36页 动词不定式的用动词不定式的用 法法 动词不定式可充当的句子成分：动词不定式可充当的句子成分： 主语主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 表语表语 状语状语 宾语补宾语补 足语足语 注：动词不定式不能作谓语注：动词不定式不能作谓语 第2页/共36页 A. 不定式作主语不定式作主语 （一定要带（一定要带to,to,谓语动词要用单数）谓语动词要用单数） To play

2、 video game is fun. To learn English well is important. 不定式作主语时，常用不定式作主语时，常用itit作形式主语，而将真正的主语即动词不定式放在句末，构成固定句型。作形式主语，而将真正的主语即动词不定式放在句末，构成固定句型。 第3页/共36页 不定式作主语的常用句型不定式作主语的常用句型: 第4页/共36页 1. Its clever of you to refuse her. 2. It was careless to make such a mistake. 3. Its very kind of you to help us.

3、1. Its necessary for you to give up smoking. 2. Its easy for me to do that. 3. Its very hard for him to study two languages. 形容词为描述人的品质的词形容词为描述人的品质的词,使用使用of。（。（形容词修饰不定式时用介 词for.形容词修饰逻辑主语时用介词of. ） good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, honest, careful, polite, wrong, bad, foolish, careless。 for sb

4、./of sb.的区别的区别 用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果 道理上通顺用道理上通顺用of，不通则用，不通则用for。 1. Its very nice of you to say so. You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of) 2. Its hard for him to finish the project by himself He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for) 第5页/共36页 1. My wish is to visit London next year

5、. 2. Toms idea is to go to Forest Park to have a picnic. 3. The important thing is to save lives. 4. My wish is to write a good book for children. 5. Our work is to build the highway. 6. My job is to teach English. 7. My idea is . 8. My suggestion is . B. 不定式作表语不定式作表语 ones wish/ job/ aim/ goal/ ambi

6、tion/ plan/ dream/ way/ work/ hope/ duty/idea/ suggestion is to do/be 第6页/共36页 (1) I hope to be a doctor. (2)She decided to make another try. (3)They all want to see the film. (4)We hope to be back home at 6:00. (5) Fred didnt have any money, so he decided to look for a job. 常见的能跟带常见的能跟带to不定式的动词及短语：

7、不定式的动词及短语： want/wish/hope/decide/learn/plan/would like/get ready to do C. 不定式作宾不定式作宾 语语 第7页/共36页 e.g. I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it wrong not to help her. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末 。 sb. believe/thi

8、nk/consider/feel/make/find+ it + adj. + to do sth. 第8页/共36页 1. I dont know where to go . 2. He didnt know what to do ./ how to do it. 3. Can you tell me how to get there ? 4. I cant decide which to choose. 5. The teacher showed us how to use a computer. “疑问词疑问词 + 不定式不定式” 结构可以转换为从句形式结构可以转换为从句形式 1）I d

9、ont know where I will go. 2）He didnt know what he would do/ how he could do it. 3）Can you tell me how I can get there. 4）I cant decide which I will choose. 5) The teacher showed us how we could use a computer. 不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，作宾语不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，作宾语 第9页/共36页 6. Im glad to meet you. D.不定式作状语不定式作状语

10、 不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示等。等。 表示表示 表示表示 表示表示 第10页/共36页 He came here just He bought a bicycle . He went home . He came here to see Charlie. He shouted and waved to be noticed. He went early not to miss the train. I turned the radio down not to disturb him. 为了强调表示目的的不定式结构，通

11、常可以用为了强调表示目的的不定式结构，通常可以用 in order (not) to 或或 so as (not) to (so as to 不能放在句首）不能放在句首） 可以和可以和so that引导的目的状语从句转换。引导的目的状语从句转换。 Mr Li got up early so tht he could catch the early bus. Mr Li got up early so as/in order to catch the early bus. 第11页/共36页 He ran so fast that he caught up with them. He is so

12、 young that he cant go to school. He isnt old enough to go to school. She was so excited that she couldnt say a word. 第12页/共36页 第13页/共36页 ask/tell/order/want/invite/allow/like/warn/encourage/teach would like sb to do 1. My mother always likes me to get up early. 2. Lucy often teaches me to learn Eng

13、lish. 3. She doesnt want her to attend the meeting. 4. I asked him to show me the new dictionary. 5. She asked me to stay there. 6. Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you. E. 不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语 第14页/共36页 e.g. 1. He observed someone open the door. 2. I watched them get into the car. 3. Did you

14、 notice him leave the room? 学会记忆学会记忆:作宾补不带作宾补不带to. 一感：一感： feel 二听：二听：hear, listen to 三使役三使役/让：让：let, make, have 五看：五看：see ,watch ,look at ,observe, notice 可带可不带可带可不带to：help 第15页/共36页 第16页/共36页 1. I have a lot of homework 2. Do you have anything 3. My father has something important 4. Would you like

15、something 5. Here is a book for you 6. I have no time 7. He needs a room 8. He was always the last 9. Betty was the first 10.She usually has a lot of meetings in the evening. 11.I want to get something during the vocation. F. 不定式作定语不定式作定语 不定式作定语不定式作定语时，通常总是以短语的形式在句中出现的，时，通常总是以短语的形式在句中出现的， 因此作定语时因此作定

16、语时要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。 第17页/共36页 不定式与所修饰的词构成动宾关系时，如果不定式是不定式与所修饰的词构成动宾关系时，如果不定式是，它后面应加上相应的它后面应加上相应的 1.The nurse has five children to look . 2.Lets first find a room to put the things . 3.Please pass me some paper to write on. 4.Theres nothing for us to worry about. 5.She has a nice pen to

17、write with. 6.He bought a flat for the family to live in. 第18页/共36页 e.g. He is the only person to know the truth. She is always the first to come and the last to leave. 当名词被当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语。等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 the first ,the last, the next, the only to

18、 do sth 第19页/共36页 注意注意 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式 常常省去常常省去to 后面后面的动词，只的动词，只保留保留to 。 A:Would you like to come to my party? Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike). B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party). 第20页/共36页 Ex： 1. To do that sort of thing is foolish

19、. 2. I want to see you this evening. 3. The work you have to do now is to finish it quickly. 4. We found a house to live in. 5. She came here to study English. 6. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主主 语语 宾语宾语 表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 宾补宾补 第21页/共36页 用于tell, teach, how, wonder, lear

20、n, show, find out, ask, understand, explain 之后，在句中作主语、宾语、表语。 第22页/共36页 第23页/共36页 第24页/共36页 第25页/共36页 1. Thank you for us so well . A. to teach B. teaches C. taught D. teaching 2. I often do some on Sundays. A. washed B. to wash C. washing D. washes 3. The boy Jack in Class One is my brother. A. call

21、 B. to be called C. calling D. called 4. It often takes me half an hour home. A. Walking B. to walk C. walked D. walks 5. Dont forget her clean water every day . A. to give B. giving C. given D. give 第26页/共36页 6. I think it is important English well . A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned 7. T

22、he funny story made us all hard . A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 8. Our teacher told us hard at our lessons . A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 第27页/共36页 9. Could you tell me this newspaper ? A. to read how B. how to read C. what to read D. what read 10. I dont know next . A. what

23、 to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. to how do it 11. My hair is too long , so I must have it this afternoon. A. cut B. cuts C. cutting D. cutted 12. Remember last for class again . A A. not to B. be not to C. not to be D. not to come 13. Mr. Smith asked the man the queue . A. not jump B. didnt j

24、ump C. not to jump D. to not jump 第28页/共36页 14.Why not with us ? You see , its very . A. go ; interested B. go; interesting C. to go ; interested D. going ; interesting 15. What about to the cinema tonight ? -Thats a good idea. Id like with you . A. going ; going B. to go ; to go C. going ; to go D.

25、 go ; going 16. Everyone here is busy read for the coming entrance tests . A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets 第29页/共36页 17.Weve worked for two hours . Lets a rest . A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D .stopping having 18. Would you mind me a favour（恩惠）？ A. do B. to go C. doing D. di

26、d 19. Mr. Wang asked me him . A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 20. Please tell Jim not late again . A. to B. be C. to be D. be to 第30页/共36页 23.Please dont forget to me , will you ? A. to write B. writing C. write 22.The boy wants his father a question about the moon . A. asking B. to ask C. as

27、k D. asked 21.Miss Yang asked the boy , the baby was sleeping in the room . A. to stop to sing B. to stop singing C. stop singing D. stop to sing 第31页/共36页 25. Its about six oclock, Lets supper now . A. stop having B. to stop having C. stop to have D. to stop to have 26.Wed better on the road . A car may hit us . A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. dont play 24. Mother decided Tom away from school . A. to keep not B. keep not C. not to keep D. not keep 第32页/共36页 A. 29. I often see them with some foreigners . A.