主动形式表示被动意义汇编

1、 例如：例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。这种书很畅销。 These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。这些衣服很易洗。 The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。这笔很好写。 This meat cuts easily. 这肉很好切。这肉很好切。 3、一些与、一些与cant(不能不能)或或wont(不会不会)连用的连用的 动词。常用的有：动词。常用的有： lock(锁住锁住)， shut(关上关上) ， open(打开打开)， act(上演上演)， write(写写)，cut(砍，砍， 切切)，wear(穿，戴穿，戴)等，用作不及物

2、动词时，等，用作不及物动词时， 用主动表被动。用主动表被动。 例如：例如：The door wont open.这门打不开。这门打不开。 It cant move.它不能动。它不能动。 请体会下面三个句子的不同：请体会下面三个句子的不同： 1.His books sell well, so they are sold out soon. 2.The door wont open, so well ask the repairman to open it. 3.We measured the bridge and it measures 20 metres long! 有一类动词既是及物的，又是

3、不及物的，有一类动词既是及物的，又是不及物的， 如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状 态而不是强调动作本身，就要用动词的主动态而不是强调动作本身，就要用动词的主动 形式表被动，这样用起来简洁，符合英美人形式表被动，这样用起来简洁，符合英美人 的习惯。常见的动词有：的习惯。常见的动词有：sell, wash, write, wear, open, shut, lock, close, start, begin, read, tear, boil, burn, grow, break, change, weigh, measure等。等。 II、Doing形

4、式表示被动形式表示被动 1. be（well）worth doing (很）值得很）值得 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。这本书值得读。 2. Sth.+need/want/ require（要求，需要）（要求，需要）+ doing/ to be done The window needs cleaning The old building requires repairing. These young seedlings will require looking after Your hair wants/needs cutting III、to do 形

5、式表示被动形式表示被动 1. 某些动词某些动词, 如如to let（出租）（出租）, to blame （责备）（责备）, to seek（寻找）用主动式表被（寻找）用主动式表被 动意义。动意义。 例例: Who is to blame for starting the fire？ You are to blame for the accident. The house is to let. The reason is not far to seek. 2.在疑问词在疑问词what/ which/ whom + to do 结构中，主动表被动结构中，主动表被动 例例: I dont know

6、which to choose . = I dont know which I should choose He asked me what to do . 3. 在不定式作定语的某些固定句型中在不定式作定语的某些固定句型中, 用用 主动形式表被动意义。主动形式表被动意义。 1）have（give, show）sth. to do He has a family to support. Please get me something to read. Hell show you the right path to take. 试比较试比较: Have you anything to do th

7、is afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗今天下午你有事要做吗? （to do是由是由you发发 出的）出的） Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗你有要带给你父母的东西吗? （谁（谁 带不得而知）带不得而知） 2）There be n./ pron. to do There is nothing to do this weekend. 这这 个周末无事可做。个周末无事可做。 3）It（This, That）beaanadj. n. to do This is a difficult question to

8、 answer. 这这 是个难答的问题。是个难答的问题。 It is an easy sentence to translate. 这个这个 句子很容易翻译。句子很容易翻译。 4、在不定时作状语中、在不定时作状语中, 不定式有被动意义不定式有被动意义, 与与 句子主语构成动宾关系。句子主语构成动宾关系。 1）S. be（too）adj. to do The question was very difficult to answer. 这问题很难回答。这问题很难回答。 He is hard to deal with. 他很难对付。他很难对付。 2）动词动词+宾语宾语+形容词形容词+不定式不定式

9、I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我我 觉得这种车很好坐。觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就那就 使得诗很难写。使得诗很难写。 IV、介词形式表示被动、介词形式表示被动 “be + under +名词名词”结构，这种结构表结构，这种结构表 示某事示某事“正在被进行中正在被进行中”，常用的名词有：，常用的名词有： construction（建设）、（建设）、 discussion （讨论）、（讨论）、 repair(修理修理)、 treatment(治治 疗疗)、 question(质

10、问质问)。 The building is underconstruction = The building is being constructed . The whole matter is under =is being discussed). 巩巩 固固 练练 习习 1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 2. Im hungry. Get me something _. A. eat B. to ea

11、t C. to be eat D. for eating 3. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese. A. write B. to write C. to be written D. Written 4. I have no more letters _, thank you. A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. typed 5. The car is rather difficult _. A. to repair B. to be repaired C. repairing D. being repa

12、ired B B B C A 6. She had no money _ a birthday present for their children. A. to buy B. to be bought C. bought D. buying 7. There are many good films played by ChengLong that are worth _. A. to be seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see 8. The food _ easily and sells _. A. cooks ； well B. is cooking； good C. is cooked； well D. cooked； good 9. The windows of the building cant _. A. be closed B. close C. be closing D. closed 10. The man is difficult _ A. to do with B. to deal with C. to be done with D. to be dealt with A C A B B 11. A journalist should first decide what events