初中英语国际标准音标练习

1、初中英语国际标准音标练习初中英语国际标准音标练习元音 (20个)单元音12个前 元 音(4个)i:ie后 元 音(5个):u:u中 元 音(3个):双元音8个合口双元音(5个)eiuaiaui集中双元音(3个)iu辅音 (28个)清 辅 音(11个)ptkfsttrtsh浊 辅 音(17个)bdgvzd drdzlmnjwr/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/be

2、st/ text/tekst/ help/help/ fat/ft/ have/hv/ cat/kt/ back/bk/ hat/ht/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book

3、/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ n

4、ote/nut/ pose/puz/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pint/ coin/kin/i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/

5、 fair/f/ there/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blk/ bear/b/t/ let/let/ sat/st/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/k/ lack/lk/ take/teik/

6、 clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ lag/lg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/feivrit/v/ very/veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/ t

7、ruth/tru:/ / the/ / they/ei/ that/t/ mother/m/thus/ s/ then/en/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stps/z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind

8、/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/trk/dr/dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ put

9、s/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hndz/ birds/b:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stndz/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/mind/maind/ men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/wain

10、d/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ sing/si/ wing/wi/ ring/ri/ long/l/ beautiful/bju:tfl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音

11、标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pk/ /gp/ /kg/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /tr/ /dipend/settle trash depend2

12、./a:/ / :/ / / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past france odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/

13、 /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood3./ / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phps/ curb irk america soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burlesque

14、 murder3./ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./i/ / /u/vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/veer affair dare scare bourn g

15、ourd rural appear colombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/material mysterious5./ /mn/ /i:f/ /t/ /n/ /fei/ /tge/ /k/ /mselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselvesthe sun tongue twister(绕口令)(1)there are thirty-three trees there. (, )(2)a big black bug bit the back of the big black bear. the big bl

16、ack bear beat back the big black bug. (/b/)(3)she sells seashells on the seashore,and the shells she sells are seashells. im sure because if she sells shells at the seashore,the shells she sells are seashells for sure.(/ /,/s/,/z/,/) (4)there is a kitten in the kitchen.in the kitchen,i fly the chick

17、en.a fly flies into the kitchen while im frying the chicken.( /t/)(5)you are no need to light a night light on a light night like tonight.for a night,lights a slight light and tonights a night thats light.when a nights light like tonights light,its really not quit right to light night lights with th

18、eir slight lights on the light night like tonight.(/n/-/l/) (6)the sun shines on the small shop signs.(/s/-/)(7)why didnt you do that what i told you to do? (/ /-/ /) (8)the doctors daughter knocked at the locked door.(9)mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night.(10)is this pair of sciss

19、ors of his sisters? yes,this is the pair of scissors of his sisters . (/s/-/z/)(11)pete picked up a piece of paper and put it into the paper basket. (/p/)(12)william wants to know whether the weather will be wetter tomorrow. (/w/)初中英语一般过去时专项练习一、写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make

20、_ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、用be动词的适当形式填空。1. i _ an english teacher now.2. she _ happy yesterday.3. they _ glad to see each other last month.4. helen and nancy _ good friends.5. the little dog _ two years old this year.6. look, there _ lots of grapes her

21、e.7. there _ a sign on the chair on monday.8. today _ the second of june. yesterday _ the first of june. it _ childrens day. all the students _ very excited.三、句型变换。there was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_2 they played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_

22、四、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. i _ (watch) a cartoon on saturday.2. her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. we _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last spring festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on sunday? yes, he _.6. gao shan _ (pull) up carrots last national day holid

23、ay.7. i _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. what _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? she _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. it _ (be) bens birthday last friday 10. we all _ (have) a good time last night.11. he _ (jump) high on last sports day. 12. helen _ (milk) a cow on friday.1

24、3. she likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. he _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on sunday? no, they _.17. i _ (watch) a cartoon on monday. 18 we _ (go) to school on sunday.19. it _ (be)

25、the 2nd of november yesterday. mr white _ (go) to his office by car.20. gao shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. dont _ the house. mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. what _ you _ just now? i _ some housework. (do)23. they _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. i want to _ apples. but my dad _ all

26、of them last month. (pick)25. _ he _ the flowers this morning? yes, he _. (water)26. she _ (be) a pretty girl. look, she _ (do) chinese dances.27. the students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.28.what _ mike do on the farm? he _ cows. (milk) 初中英语语法-介词 1、介词的主要用法： 介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或

27、代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：out of(从中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离), on top of(在顶上), ever since(自从), next to(在隔壁), according to(根据), in front of(在前方)等。2、介词的分类表： 地点(位置、范围)介词： above在前, about在附近, across在对面, after在后面, against倚着., along在近旁, among在中间, around在周围, round在.周

28、围, at在处, before在.前, behind在.后, below低于., beside在.旁边, between在.之间, by在.旁, down在.下面, from来自., in在.里面, inside在.里面, near靠近., of在.之中, on在.上面, out of在.之外, outside在.外面, over在.上方, under在.下方, up在.上面, on top of在.顶部, in front of在.前, close to靠近., in the middle of在.的中间, at the end of在.的末端,等等。方向(目标趋向)介词： across横越

29、., against对抗., along沿着., around绕着., round环绕., at朝着., behind向后面, betweenand从到.,by路过/通过., down向下, for向., from从/离., in进入., into进入., inside到.里面, near接近., off脱离/除., on向.上, out of向.外, outside向.外, over跨过., past经过/超过., through穿过., to向/朝., towards朝着., on to到.上面, onto到.上面, up向.上, away from远离. 时间介词： about大约.,

30、after在以后, at在 (时刻), before在以前, by到为止, during在期间, for有(之久), from从(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了(时), since自从(至今), through 贯穿(期间), till直到时, until直到时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在.开始时 ,at the end of在.末 , in the middle of在.当中 ,at the time of在.时 方式介词： as作为/当作., by用/由/乘坐/被., i

31、n用(语言), like与一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有涉及介词: about关于., except除了, besides除了还. for对于/就而言, in在(方面), of的,有关., on关于/有关., to对而言, towards针对., with就而言 其它介词: 【目的介词】 for为了., from防止, to为了 【原因介词】 for因为., with由于, because of因为. 【比较介词】 as与一样,like象一样,than比.

32、,to与相比, unlike与不同 【伴随/状态介词】 against和一起(比赛),at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着(衣服/颜色),into变成.,on在(值日), with与一起,有/带着/长着., without没有/无/不与一起3、重要注释： this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如：every year travelers from abroad come to visit pingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/ he had a b

33、ad cold that week.(那个星期他患重感冒) for有时用来引出动词不定式的逻辑主语,常翻译成“对于而言”。如：its too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour.(让我在区区一个小时内完成这项工作太难了)/ the house is big enough for 10 men to live in.(房子够大的可以容10个人住) of有时用来表示后面的人物正好是前面的表语的逻辑主语。如：its very nice/kind of you to do so.(你这么做真是太好了) 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语前置。

34、 当宾语是疑问词时。who are you talking about?(你们在谈论谁？) 宾语在从句中当连接词时。he has a younger brother who he must take good care of.(他有一个需要他照顾的小弟。) / do you know who our teacher is talking with over there?(你知道我们的老师在那边和什么人谈话吗？) 动词不定式作定语且该动词为不及物动词,后面有介词。i finally found a chair to sit on.(我最终找到了一张椅子坐。)5记住一些固定词组：arrive at

35、/in(到达),on foot(步行),notat all(根本不),to the north of(在以北),in the east of(在的东部),in the night(在夜间),at night(在晚上),be afraid of(害怕),be full of(充满/ 装满.),be filled with(充满/ 装满.),be good/bad for(对有益/有害),be made of(由做成),be made from(由制造),play with(玩耍),look out of(朝外面看),at the end of(在末梢/结束时),by the end of(不迟于

36、/到末为止),with the help of或with ones help(在的帮助下),look after(照料),look for(寻找),on a bike(=by bike)骑车, help sb. with(帮某人做),get on (well) with(与某人相处融洽),等等。 4、某些介词的用法辨析： 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间； 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则

37、表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：he was born on the morning of may 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ i usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) / his glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ he is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院) after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在时刻之后”常用于一般时态；“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于

38、将来时态。如：he said that he would be here after 6：00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ my father is coming back from england in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来) since与for表示时间的用法区别：“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“总共有之久”,都常用于完成时态；如：uncle li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)/ uncl

39、e li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. (李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年) by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：we see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ please write that article(文章) in english.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/

40、 lets go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ it was written by lao she.(那是老舍写的) about与on的用法区别：都可以表示“有关”,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示“有关(专题/课程)”。如：tom is going to give a talk on the history of america.(汤姆要作一个美国历史的报告)/ they are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他们兴致勃勃地谈论着即将来到的野外旅游) through与acros

41、s、over的用法区别： through指“穿过(门洞/人群/树林)”； across和over可以指“跨越(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过”时只能用over. 如：just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面)/ there is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)/ they climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.(他们翻过大山提前到达了那里)/ the visitors went through a b

42、ig gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)7as与like的区别：两个词都表示“像”,但是as译为“作为”,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实,而like译为“像一样”,表示外表,不是事实。如：let me speak to you as a father.(我以父亲的身份和你讲话。)(说话者是听者的父亲) / let me speak to you like a father.(让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话)(说话者不是听者的父亲)8 at the end of、by the end of、to the end、in the end的用法区别：at

43、the end of既可以表示时间也可以表示地点,译为“在末；在尽头”,常与过去时连用；by the end of只能表示时间,译为“在前；到为止”,常用于过去完成时； in the end与at last基本等义,表示“终于、最后”,通常用于过去时；to the end译为“到的终点为止”,前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词。如：by the end of last term we had learned 16 units of book iii.(到上学期期末我们已经学习了第三册16个单元)/ at the end of the road you can find a big white h

44、ouse with brown windows.(在路的尽头你能找到一幢有棕色窗户的白房子)/ they left for beijing at the end of last week.(上周末他们动身去了北京)/ in the end he succeeded in the final exams.(他最终在期末考试中考及格了)/ we should go on with the work to the end.(我们应该把工作干到底)/ follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.(沿这条路走到底就能看见一家邮电局

45、)9 for a moment、for the moment、in a moment、at the moment的区别：for a moment“一会儿、片刻”(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用；for the moment“暂时、目前”,常用于现在时；in a moment“一会儿、立即、马上”(=soon; in a few minutes),一般用于将来时；at the moment“此刻,眼下”(=now),用于现在进行时。如：please wait for a moment.(请稍等)/ lets leave things as they are for the mom

46、ent.(暂时就维持现状吧！) / ill come back in a moment.(我过会儿回来)/ i am very busy at the moment.(眼下我很忙) 10 but的问题：用介词but引出另一个动词时,要注意：如果前面有do,后面就用原形动词,前面没有do时,后面的动词要加to。如：i could do nothing but wait.(我什么也做不了只能等) / they had no choice(选择) but to fight.(他们没有选择只有战斗) 11 in front of 与in the front of： in front of“在的前面”,

47、 与in the front of“在的前部”。如：a car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ in the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台) 12 except与besides的区别：except“除了”,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含；而besides“除了”则表示包含,即“不仅又”。如：everyone went to the palace museum except tom.(除了tom,大家都去了故宫博物院)(tom没有去故宫)/ besides chinese

48、he also studied many other subjects.(除了汉语之外,他还学其他许多功课)(“汉语”也是他学的功课之一)初中生征服英语词汇的十大方法上到初中，大部分学生都认为英语难学，主要原因是英语单词难记。这是什么原因造成的呢？主要原因有三点：一、小学生在读小学时记英语单词没有严格要求记住它们的拼写，单词的读、写方面是次要的。因为小学生学习英语的目的是培养学生学习英语的兴趣和初步的英语听说能力。英语课堂上是通过做游戏、搞活动、听简单的英语歌曲来学习英语。小学要求学生学英语的目的是能听会说简短的日常用语和用简单的英语进行交际就很好了。但初中生的要求则不同，上到初中，学习英语的

49、目的更明确：要求初中生掌握英语听、说、读、写的综合运用能力；二、小学生在读小学时还没有学习英语国际音标，对记英语单词的记忆造成了一定的困难和影响；三、学生还没有一套行之有效的科学记忆方法。由于初中生存在以上几种情况，所以他们觉得英语单词难记，但初中学生英语单词掌握的多少直接影响到学生学习英语的质量。学生要想记牢、记多英语单词应结合以下方法来记单词：一、在对话或短文中学习单词，切忌死记硬背词汇表单词只有在句子中，才能赋予其生命力，才能体现明确的意义和用法，有助于更好的理解。 脱离词汇赖以生存的土壤句子和文章而死记词汇表，记忆难以持久，是学不好词汇的。因为这只能学得单词的个别意义，而不能对之总括了解，虽对阅读有些帮 助，但很难把它准确地用于说写中。比如说，一个学生在背得单词happy有“高兴”的意思后，在阅读中能明白“i hope you are happy every day! ”的意思，但若要他把“我希望你天天快乐”这句话口头或笔译成英语时，他很可能会译成“i hope you