被动语态(精品课件)

1、被动语态(精品课件) The Passive Voice 被动语态(精品课件) 被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，当句子的主语是动作的承受者时， 谓语要用谓语要用被动语态被动语态。 被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构构 成，时态通过成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。 被动语态(精品课件) 变化口诀： 宾变主来宾变主来, 主变宾主变宾; 谓变谓变 be done, 时不变时不变; 注意数格，抄其余。注意数格，抄其余。 被动语态(精品课件)

2、 His brother washes face every day. 主主谓谓 宾宾 Face is washed (by his brother ) every day. 1.一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态： 被动语态(精品课件) 2.They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 结构：结构：am/is /are +过去分词过去分词 被动语态(精品课件) Exercises: 1) They play football on Sunday. 2) Lucy does the

3、homework in the evening. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. 被动语态(精品课件) He looked after the little baby yesterday. The little baby was looked after by him yesterday . 3. 一般过去时一般过去时： was/were +V.(p.p) 被动语态(精品课件) Exercises: They built the tall building la

4、st year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. The tall building was built by them last year. His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday. 被动语态(精品课件) They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时：一般将来时：will + be +过去分词过去分词 4.

5、4.一般将来时：一般将来时： 被动语态(精品课件) Exercises: We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. A sports meeting will be had (by us ) next week. Some photos will be taken (by children ) in the schoolyard tomorrow. 被动语态(精品课件) 5含有含有情态动词的：情态动词的： 情态动词情态动词+ be+ be

6、+过去分词过去分词 Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 被动语态(精品课件) 1) He can take care of the baby. 2) Lucy may draw the pictures. The baby can be taken care of by him. The picture may be drawn by Lucy. Exercises: 被动语态(精品课件) 6.现在进行时：现在进行时： Some workers are painting the rooms

7、now The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are + being +V（p.p) 被动语态(精品课件) I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were+being+V(p.p) 7. 7. 过去进行时：过去进行时： 被动语态(精品课件) We have made twenty more keys Twenty

8、 more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时现在完成时:have/has + been + V.(p.p) 8.8.现在完成时：现在完成时： 被动语态(精品课件) 各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 一般现在时：一般现在时： 一般过去时：一般过去时： 情态动词：情态动词： 一般将来时：一般将来时： 现在进行时：现在进行时： 现在完成时：现在完成时： 过去进行时：过去进行时： S+am/is /are +done S+was/were +done S+ can/may/must/should + be+ done S+ will+be+ done S+

9、am/is/are + being + done S+ have/has + been+ done S+ was/were+being+ done 被动语态(精品课件) 被动语态中的特殊情况 1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语 态时，仍然要带上介词。(动词后的介词不可省动词后的介词不可省） e.g. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被动句：被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. e.g. They look af

10、ter the new students in the school. 被动句：被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the school. 被动语态(精品课件) 2.当动词带有复合宾语当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补有宾补), 并且宾补是省去并且宾补是省去 “to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上 “to”。（。（即：主动省即：主动省to，被动加上，被动加上to。）。） e.g. They make us do all the work. 被动句：被动句：We are made to do all th

11、e work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. 被动句：被动句：She is often heard to sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school. 被动句：被动句：He was seen to walk to school by me. 这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回回 来。（常考词有：来。（常考词有：make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等。等。) 被动语态(精品课件) 3.当动词带双宾语

12、时当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一一个宾语是指人，一 个是指物个是指物)，将其中，将其中指人的宾语指人的宾语提前作被动提前作被动 句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来； 如是将如是将指物的宾语指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，提前作被动句的主语， 在被动句中则指人宾语前应加在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或或 “for” 。 常见加常见加to的动词有的动词有: give，send, teach，write, show, pass, ask, tell 常见加常见加for的动词有的动词有: make, buy draw 被动语态(精品课件) e.g. He

13、 gives me a flower everyday. 被动被动1： I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动被动2： A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被动被动1： I was bought a computer by my mother . 被动被动2： A computer was bought for me by my mother . 被动语态(精品课件) 4. 系动词没有被动形式，主动形系动词没有被动形式，主动形 式表被动

14、意义。式表被动意义。 常见的有常见的有taste（尝起来），（尝起来）， sound （听起来），（听起来）， feel（摸起（摸起 来），来）， look（看起来），（看起来），smell （闻起来）等（闻起来）等. 例如：例如： 1) The apple tastes good. 2)The song sounds gentle. 被动语态(精品课件) 5. 有些动词如有些动词如:sell（卖），（卖）， wash （洗），（洗）， write (写）等与副词写）等与副词 well（好），（好）， easily（容易地）（容易地） 等连用等连用 ，描绘事物的特性，用，描绘事物的特性，用 主

15、动表被动。例如：主动表被动。例如： 1)The coat washes easily. 2)The books sell well 被动语态(精品课件) 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are used are cleaned (变被动语态）变被动语态） 被

16、动语态(精品课件) 5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used 被动语态(精品课件) 3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book

17、 in time. She _ _ to return the book in time. The ticket was found was told 被动语态(精品课件) 9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us 被动语态(精品课件) 7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?

18、 _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today? Were many trees planted Must be finished 被动语态(精品课件) 10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in

19、 this factory. was asked is done 被动语态(精品课件) 12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken 被动语态(精品课件) 14.The students in this school study German. German _ _ by the

20、students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _? is studied Is talked by them 被动语态(精品课件) 练习： 1.Many people speak English. 2.They made computers in the U.S.A. 3.People used knives for cutting things. 4.People used metal for making machines. 5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou. 6.They speak English in Canada. . 被动语态(精品课件) 7.They write business letters in English. 8.They grow rice in South China. 9.They plant many trees in North China. 10.Lu Xun wrote this book. 11.