高级英语第一册第六课PPT

1、Lesson 3 Ships in the Desert Al Gore Content Introduction about the author Some typical examples of ecological destruction Global warming The introduction of the text Words and phrases Something necessary we can do to protect global environment Al Gore Al Gore was born in 1948 in Washington D.C., U.

2、S. He has been a Senato(1984-1992) representing the State of Tennessee, and U.S.Vice-President (1992-2000) under President Bill Clinton. He ran for the Presidency against George W. Bush jr. but the latter won the closely tied election and has become the 43rd American President. After retirement, he

3、devoted his time to environmental protection.The text is taken from Al Gores book Earth in the Balance Some typical examples soil erosion The area of the soil erosion has topped 1.51.6 million square kilometer Making eroded soil decrease by 5 billion tons every year The area of soil erosion takes up

4、 1/12 of the worlds total(600 billion tons) It is equivalent to destory cultivated land 1,000,000 mu The area of the soil erosion accounts for 80%90% of the total land area of our country Ozone depletion A layer of ozone in the stratosphere prevents most ultrviolet and other high-energy radiation,wh

5、ich is harnful to life,from penetrating to the earths surface.Some environmental scientists fear that certain man-made pollutants,eg.nitric oxide,CFCs,etc.,may interfere with the delicate balance of reactions that maintains the ozones concentration,possibly leading to a drastic depletion of stratosp

6、here ozone.This is now happening in the stratosphere above the Polar Regions. species extinction There are 75 species becoming extinct every day.and three species extinct every hour in the world. U.S well-known biologist Stuart Pimm in Duck University believes that if such a rate continues,by 2050,t

7、he current quarter or the hall of the species will be extinct or endangered. Global warming Global warming has become perhaps the most complicated issue facing world leaders. On the one hand, warnings from the scientific community are becoming louder, as an increasing body of science points to risin

8、g dangers from the ongoing buildup of human-related greenhouse gases produced mainly by the burning of fossil fuels and forests. On the other, the technological, economic and political issues that have to be resolved before a concerted worldwide effort to reduce emissions can begin have gotten no si

9、mpler, particularly in the face of a global economic slow down The cause of global warming . The 20th century has had a population explosion Air pollution caused by cars environmental problems The effects of global warming Climate change Effects of global warming are causing the temperature of the E

10、arth to slowly rise, causing massive global changes to our natural environment. Rising sea level Effects of global warming are rapidly melting glaciers around the globe, causing a rising sea level and possibly coastal flooding and other weather problems in the future. Ecosystem changes Effects of gl

11、obal warming are changing certain ecosystems throughout due to temperature fluctuations. Animals and plants are being forced to adapt to this, and as a result are dying off. Breakdown of the Ozone layer Effects of global warming are creating holes in the ozone layer, primarily from human use of prod

12、ucts that emit toxic chemicals. The ozone layer absorbs UV radiation from the sun, the holes are causing amounts of toxic chemicals present in our breathing air to increase at a rapid rate. The introduction of the text Ships in the Desert “沙漠之舟”是一个非常引人注目 的题目，船停泊在沙漠中时很 少见过的景象，因此能够有效 地唤起读者的好奇心和探究的 兴趣。

13、 作者通过广泛的例证，鲜明的 对比，巨大的反差，生动的类 比，明确的分析等向读者提供 了大量的考察信息，探究了全 球变暖的原因，追溯了让人类 与环境的关系发展与变化，提 出了遏制气候变暖的基本方法。 The Aral Sea 1, located in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan is historically a saline lake . 2, It is in the centre of a large ,flat desert basin. The Aral Sea is a prime example of a dynamic environment. 3,

14、In 1960 the worlds fourth largest lake, the size of the entirety of Southern California. Americas Great Lakes Americas Great Lakes refer to the group of five freshwater lakes,central North America,between the United States and Canada,largest body of fresh water in the world.From west to east,they ar

15、e Lake Superior,Lake Michigan,Lake Huron,Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. HOMES can help remember the names of the five lakes,H stands for Huron,O for Ontario,M for Michigan,E for Erie and S for Superior. 苏必利尔湖 密歇根湖 伊顿湖 休伦湖 安大略湖 The Structure of This text This text can be divided into three parts Part I(

16、para 1) The pullution caused great environmental damage. Part(Para2 to 25)The author analyzed the pollution problem from different aspects Parts(Para 26) In order to solve the environment problem,a lot of advice was given,but the author thought the key was to change peoples attitude towards the rela

17、tionship of man and environment. Words and phrases bow the foward end or part of a boat or ship 船头 a weapons for shooting arrows ,consisting of an arch of flexible wood ,plastic ,metal ,etc.bent by a string 弓 a knot tied with too loose ends 蝴蝶结 dune a mound or ridge of drifted sand ,occurring near t

18、he sea coast and in a desert 沙丘 divert to turn (a person or thing )aside from a course ,direction or etc,deflect使转向，使绕道；Southbound traffic will have to be diverted onto minor roads.南行车辆将不得不 饶次要道路而行。 to distract the attention of 转移某人的注意力，使分心 The beautiful music diverted his drawing.美妙的音乐转移 了他的注意力 gla

19、cier a slowly moving mass of ice formed by snow 冰川 emission sending out or giving off (of light ,heat,smell,etc）光热水 的排放，散发，发出 Every country has its own noise emission standards for vehicles.每个国家都有各自的机动车辆噪音排放标准。 upwind in the opposite direction of the wind 逆风的 inexorable not able to changed or stoppe

20、d by entreaty or persuasion 不能变更的，不可阻挡的 rendezvous a metting or arrangement to meet sb at a particular time and place 约会 hummock a small hill ,knoll 小丘，小山 collide to crash together with violent impact碰撞，相撞Thecar and the bus collided head on in the heavy raincrucial invoving a final or extremly impor

21、tant decision or event决定性的， 紧要关头的，至关重要的 One man can be a crucial ingredient on a team ,but one man cannot make a team.一个人可以是一个团队的关键要素，但一个人永远不能 成为一个团队 scenario a discription od how things might happpen in the future 设想 方案 controversial causing a lot of public or disagreement 有争论的，有争议的 tundra a large

22、treeless regions lying between the ice cap and the timberline of North America and Eurasia and having a permanently frozen subsoil 冻土带，苔原 ecological connected with the relation of plants and living creatures to each other and to their the environment 生态的 TO some extent ,the indstrial civilization br

23、oke the ecological balance. noctilucent shinig at night ,usu ,of very thin high altitude clouds observable in the summer twilight sky 生物发光的，夜间发光的 cloak to hide or cover sth 遮盖，掩盖 The hills were cloaked in thick mist 大雾笼罩着群山 shimmer to shine with a soft or tremulous light 闪闪发光 ，发微光 translucent allowi

24、ng light to pass through partially 半透明的，透亮的 methane 甲烷 沼气 paddy a field where rice is grown 稻田 水稻 Figure of Speech 文章中用到的修辞手法有 弱化（如the prospects of a good catch looked bleak), 头韵（如fast pasture for fast-food beef), 暗喻（如cloak,ghosts),设 问（如But,without even considering that threat, shouldnt it startle u

25、s that we have now put these clouds in the evening sky which glisten with a spectral light?)以及借代 （如concretet) Hyperbole(夸张夸张) eg.Like the population explosion,the scentific and technological revolution began to pick up speed slowly during the eighteenth century. 用用explosion一词极言人口增长之快。一词极言人口增长之快。 Metaphor(暗喻暗喻) eg.On some nights ,in high northern latitudes,the sky itself offers another ghostly imag