《劳动法》中英文对照版

1、中华人民共和国劳动法labour law of the peoples republic of china（年月日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会议通过） (adopted at the eighth meeting of the standing committee of the eighth national peoples congress on july 5, 1994, promulgated by order no.28 of the president of the peoples republic of china and effective as of january

2、 1, 1995) 目录 contents 第一章总则 chapter 1 general provisions 第二章促进就业 chapter ii promotion of employment 第三章劳动合同和集体合同 chapter iii labour contracts and collective contracts 第四章工作时间和休息休假 chapter iv working hours, rest and vacations 第五章工资 chapter v wages 第六章劳动安全卫生 chapter vi occupational safety and health 第

3、七章女职工和未成年工特殊保护 chapter vii special protection for female and juvenile workers 第八章职业培训 chapter viii vocational training 第九章社会保险和福利 chapter ix social insurance and welfare 第十章劳动争议 chapter x labour disputes 第十一章监督检查 chapter xi supervision and inspection 第十二章法律责任 chapter xii legal responsibility 第十三章附则

4、chapter xiii supplementary provisions 第一章总 则 chapter 1 general provisions 第一条为了保护劳动者的合法权益，调整劳动关系，建立和维护适应社会主义市场经济的劳动制度，促进经济发展和社会进步，根据宪法，制定本法。 article 1 this law is formulated in accordance with the constitution in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of labourers, readjust labour rela

5、tionships, establish and safeguard a labour system suited to the socialist market economy, and promote economic development and social progress. 第二条在中华人民共和国境内的企业、个体经济组织（以下统称用人单位）和与之形成劳动关系的劳动者，适用本法。 article 2 this law applies to all enterprises and individual economic organizations(hereinafter referr

6、ed to as employing units) within the boundary of the peoples republic of china 国家机关、事业组织、社会团体和与之建立劳动合同关系的劳动者，依照本法执行。 and labourers who form a labour relationship therewith state organs, institutional organizations and societies as well as labourers who form a labour contract relationship therewith s

7、hall follow this law. 第三条劳动者享有平等就业和选择职业的权利、取得劳动报酬的权利、休息休假的权利、获得劳动安全卫生保护的权利、接受职业技能培训的权利、享受社会保险和福利的权利、提请劳动争议处理的权利以及法律规定的其他劳动权利。 article 3 labourers shall have the right to be employed on an equal basis, choose occupations, obtain remuneration for their labour, take rest, have holidays and leaves, obta

8、in protection of occupational safety and health, receive training vocational skills, enjoy social insurance and welfare, and submit applications for settlement of labour disputes, and other rights relating to labour as stipulated by law. 劳动者应当完成劳动任务，提高职业技能，执行劳动安全卫生规程，遵守劳动纪律和职业道德。 labourers shall ful

9、fill their labour tasks, improve their vocational skills, follow rules on occupational safety and health, and observe labour discipline and professional ethics. 第四条用人单位应当依法建立和完善规章制度，保障劳动者享有劳动权利和履行劳动义务。 article 4 the employing units shall establish and perfect rules and regulations in accordance with

10、 the law so as to ensure that labourers enjoy the right to work and fulfill labour obligations. 第五条国家采取各种措施，促进劳动就业，发展职业教育，制定劳动标准，调节社会收入，完善社会保险，协调劳动关系，逐步提高劳动者的生活水平。 article 5 the state shall take various measures to promote employment, develop vocational education, lay down labour standards, regulate

11、 social incomes, perfect social insurance system, coordinate labour relationship, and gradually raise the living standard of labourers. 第六条国家提倡劳动者参加社会义务劳动，开展劳动竞赛和合理化建议活动，鼓励和保护劳动者进行科学研究、技术革新和发明创造，表彰和奖励劳动模范和先进工作者。 article 6 the state shall advocate the participation of labourers in social voluntary la

12、bour and the development of their labour competitions and activities of forwarding rational proposals, encourage and protect the scientific research and technical renovation engaged by labourers, as well as their inventions and creations; and commend and award labour models and advanced workers. 第七条

13、劳动者有权依法参加和组织工会。 article 7 labourers shall have the right to participate in and organize trade unions in accordance with the law. 工会代表和维护劳动者的合法权益，依法独立自主地开展活动。 trade unions shall represent and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of labourers, and independently conduct their activities in acc

14、ordance with the law. 第八条劳动者依照法律规定，通过职工大会、职工代表大会或者其他形式，参与民主管理或者就保护劳动者合法权益与用人单位进行平等协商。 article 8 labourers shall, through the assembly of staff and workers or their congress, or other forms in accordance with the provisions of laws, rules and regulations, take part in democratic management or consult

15、 with the employing units on an equal footing about protection of the legitimate rights and interests of labourers. 第九条国务院劳动行政部门主管全国劳动工作。 article 9 the labour administrative department of the state council shall be in charge of the management of labour of the whole country. 县级以上地方人民政府劳动行政部门主管本行政区域内的

16、劳动工作。 the labour administrative departments of the local peoples governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the management of labour in the administrative areas under their respective jurisdiction. 第二章促进就业 chapter ii promotion of employment 第十条国家通过促进经济和社会发展，创造就业条件，扩大就业机会。 article

17、 10 the state shall create conditions for employment and increase opportunities for employment by means of the promotion of economic and social development. 国家鼓励企业、事业组织、社会团体在法律、行政法规规定的范围内兴办产业或者拓展经营，增加就业。 the state shall encourage enterprises, institutional organizations, and societies to initiate in

18、dustries or expand businesses for the increase of employment within the scope of the stipulations of laws, and administrative rules and regulations. 国家支持劳动者自愿组织起来就业和从事个体经营实现就业。 the state shall support labourers to get jobs by organizing themselves on a voluntary basis or by engaging in individual bu

19、sinesses. 第十一条地方各级人民政府应当采取措施，发展多种类型的职业介绍机构，提供就业服务。 article 11 local peoples governments at various levels shall take measures to develop various kinds of jobintroduction agencies and provide employment services. 第十二条劳动者就业，不因民族、种族、性别、宗教信仰不同而受歧视。 article 12 labourers shall not be discriminated against

20、 in employment, regardless of their ethnic community, race, sex, or religious belief. 第十三条妇女享有与男子平等的就业权利。 article 13 females shall enjoy equal rights as males in employment. 在录用职工时，除国家规定的不适合妇女的工种或者岗位外，不得以性别为由拒绝录用妇女或者提高对妇女的录用标准。 it shall not be allowed, in the recruitment of staff and workers, to use

21、 sex as a pretext for excluding females form employment or to raise recruitment standards for the females, except for the types of work or posts that are not suitable for females as stipulated by the state. 第十四条残疾人、少数民族人员、退出现役的军人的就业，法律、法规有特别规定的，从其规定。 article 14 where there are special stipulations i

22、n laws, rules and regulations on the employment of the disabled, the personnel of national minorities, and demobilized armymen, such special stipulations shall apply. 第十五条禁止用人单位招用未满十六周岁的未成年人。 article 15 no employing units shall be allowed to recruit juveniles under the age of 16. 文艺、体育和特种工艺单位招用未满十六周

23、岁的未成年人，必须依照国家有关规定，履行审批手续，并保障其接受义务教育的权利。 units of literature and art, physical culture and sport, and special arts and crafts that need to recruit juveniles under the age of 16 must go through the formalities of examination and approval according to the relevant provisions of the state and guaratee t

24、heir right to compulsory education. 第三章劳动合同和集体合同 chapter iii labour contracts and collective contracts 第十六条劳动合同是劳动者与用人单位确立劳动关系、明确双方权利和义务的协议。 article 16 a labour contract is the agreement reached between a labourer and an employing unit for the establishment of the labour relationship and the definit

25、ion of the rights, interests and obligations of each party. 建立劳动关系应当订立劳动合同。 a labour contract shall be concluded where a labour relationship is to be established. 第十七条订立和变更劳动合同，应当遵循平等自愿、协商一致的原则，不得违反法律、行政法规的规定。 article 17 conclusion and modification of a labour contract shall follow the principles of

26、 equality, voluntariness and unanimity through consultation, and shall not run counter to the stipulations of laws, administrative rules and regulations. 劳动合同依法订立即具有法律约束力，当事人必须履行劳动合同规定的义务。 a labour contract once concluded in accordance with the law shall possess legal binding force. the parties invo

27、lved must fulfill the obligations as stipulated in the labour contract. 第十八条下列劳动合同无效： article 18 the following labour contracts shall be invalid: （一）违反法律、行政法规的劳动合同； labour contracts concluded in violation of laws, administrative rules and regulations; （二）采取欺诈、威胁等手段订立的劳动合同。 and labour contracts concl

28、uded by resorting to such measures as cheating and intimidation. 无效的劳动合同，从订立的时候起，就没有法律约束力。 an invalid labour contract shall have no legal binding force from the very beginning of its conclusion. 确认劳动合同部分无效的，如果不影响其余部分的效力，其余部分仍然有效。 where a part of a labour contract is confirmed as invalid and where th

29、e validity of the remaining part is not affected, the remaining part shall remain valid. 劳动合同的无效，由劳动争议仲裁委员会或者人民法院确认。 the invalidity of a labour contract shall confirmed by a labour dispute arbitration committee or a peoples court. 第十九条劳动合同应当以书面形式订立，并具备以下条款： article 19 a labour contract shall be conc

30、luded in written form and contain the following clauses: （一）劳动合同期限； term of a labour contract; （二）工作内容； contents of work; （三）劳动保护和劳动条件； labour protection and working conditions （四）劳动报酬； labour remuneration; （五）劳动纪律； labour discipline; （六）劳动合同终止的条件； conditions for the termination of a labour contract

31、; （七）违反劳动合同的责任。 and responsibility for the violation of a labour contract. 劳动合同除前款规定的必备条款外，当事人可以协商约定其他内容。 apart from the required clauses specified in the preceding paragraph, other contents in a labour contract may be agreed upon through consultation by the parties involved. 第二十条劳动合同的期限分为有固定期限、无固定期

32、限和以完成一定的工作为期限。 article 20 the term of a labour contract shall be divided into fixed term, flexible term or taking the completion of a specific amount of work as a term. 劳动者在同一用人单位连续工作满十年以上，当事人双方同意续延劳动合同的，如果劳动者提出订立无固定期限的劳动合同，应当订立无固定期限的劳动合同。 in case a labourer has kept working in a same employing unit

33、 for ten years or more and the parties involved agree to extend the term of the labour contract, a labour contract with a flexible term shall be concluded between them if the labourer so requested. 第二十一条劳动合同可以约定试用期。试用期最长不得超过六个月。 article 21 a probation period may be agreed upon in a labour contract.

34、the longest probation period shall not exceed six months. 第二十二条劳动合同当事人可以在劳动合同中约定保守用人单位商业秘密的有关事项。 article 22 the parties involved in a labour contract may reach an agreement in their labour contract on matters concerning keeping he commercial secrets of the employing unit. 第二十三条劳动合同期满或者当事人约定的劳动合同终止条件

35、出现，劳动合同即行终止。 article 23 a labour contract shall terminate upon the expiration of its term or the emergence of the conditions for the termination of the labour contract as agreed upon by the parties involved. 第二十四条经劳动合同当事人协商一致，劳动合同可以解除。 article 24 a labour contract may be revoked upon agreement reach

36、ed between the parties involved through consultation. 第二十五条劳动者有下列情形之一的，用人单位可以解除劳动合同： article 25 the employing unit may revoke the labour contract with a labourer in any of the following circumstances: （一）在试用期间被证明不符合录用条件的； to be proved not up to the requirements for recruitment during the probation p

37、eriod; （二）严重违反劳动纪律或者用人单位规章制度的； to seriously violate labour disciplines or the rules and regulations of the employing units; （三）严重失职，营私舞弊，对用人单位利益造成重大损害的； to cause great losses to the employing unit due to serious dereliction of duty or engagement in malpractice for selfish ends; （四）被依法追究刑事责任的。 and to

38、 be investigated for criminal responsibilities in accordance with the law. 第二十六条有下列情形之一的，用人单位可以解除劳动合同，但是应当提前三十日以书面形式通知劳动者本人： article 26 in any of the following circumstances, the employing unit may revoke a labour contract but a written notification shall be given to the labourer 30 days in advance:

39、 （一）劳动者患病或者非因工负伤，医疗期满后，不能从事原工作也不能从事由用人单位另行安排的工作的； where a labourer is unable to take up his original work or any new work arranged by the employing unit after the completion of his medical treatment for illness or injury not suffered at work; （二）劳动者不能胜任工作，经过培训或者调整工作岗位，仍不能胜任工作的； where a labourer is u

40、nqualified for his work and remains unqualified even after receiving a training or an adjustment to an other work post; （三）劳动合同订立时所依据的客观情况发生重大变化，致使原劳动合同无法履行，经当事人协商不能就变更劳动合同达成协议的。 and no agreement on modification of the labour contract can be reached through consultation by the parties involved when

41、the objective conditions taken as the basis for the conclusion of the contract have greatly changed so that the original labour contract can no longer be carried out. 第二十七条用人单位濒临破产进行法定整顿期间或者生产经营状况发生严重困难，确需裁减人员的，应当提前三十日向工会或者全体职工说明情况，听取工会或者职工的意见，经向劳动行政部门报告后，可以裁减人员。 article 27 during the period of stat

42、utory consolidation when the employing unit comes to the brink of bankruptcy or runs deep into difficulties in production and management, and if reduction of its personnel becomes really necessary, the unit may make such reduction after it has explained the situation to the trade union or all of its

43、 staff and workers 30 days in advance, solicited opinions from them and reported to the labour administrative department. 用人单位依据本条规定裁减人员，在六个月内录用人员的，应当优先录用被裁减的人员。 where the employing unit is to recruit personnel six months after the personnel reduction effected according to the stipulations of this a

44、rticle, the reduced personnel shall have the priority to be re-employed. 第二十八条用人单位依据本法第二十四条、第二十六条、第二十七条的规定解除劳动合同的，应当依照国家有关规定给予经济补偿。 article 28 the employing unit shall make economic compensations in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state if it revokes its labour contracts according to

45、the stipulations in article 24, article 26, and article 27 of this law. 第二十九条劳动者有下列情形之一的，用人单位不得依据本法第二十六条、第二十七条的规定解除劳动合同： article 29 the employing unit shall not revoke its labour contract with a labourer in accordance with the stipulations in article 26 and article 27 of this law in any of the follo

46、wing circumstances: to be confirmed to have totally or partially lost the ability to work due to occupational diseases or injuries suffered at work; （一）患职业病或者因工负伤并被确认丧失或者部分丧失劳动能力的； to be receiving medical treatment for diseases or injuries within the prescribed period of time; （二）患病或者负伤，在规定的医疗期内的； t

47、o be a female staff member or worker during pregnant, puerperal, or （三）女职工在孕期、产期、哺乳期内的； breast-feeding period; or （四）法律、行政法规规定的其他情形。 other circumstances stipulated by laws, administrative rules and regulations. 第三十条用人单位解除劳动合同，工会认为不适当的，有权提出意见。如果用人单位违反法律、法规或者劳动合同，工会有权要求重新处理；劳动者申请仲裁或者提起诉讼的，工会应当依法给予支持和帮

48、助。 article 30 the trade union of an employing unit shall have the right to air its opinions if it regards as inappropriate the revocation of a labour contract by the unit. if the employing unit violates laws, rules and regulations or labour contracts, the trade union shall have the right to request

49、for reconsideration. where the labourer applies for arbitration or brings in a lawsuit, the trade union shall render him support and assistance in accordance with the law. 第三十一条劳动者解除劳动合同，应当提前三十日以书面形式通知用人单位。 article 31 a labourer who intends to revoke his labour contract shall give a written notice t

50、o the employing unit 30 days in advance. 第三十二条有下列情形之一的，劳动者可以随时通知用人单位解除劳动合同： （一）在试用期内的； article 32 a labourer may notify at any time the employing unit of his decision to revoke the labour contract in any of the following circumstances: within the probation period; （二）用人单位以暴力、威胁或者非法限制人身自由的手段强迫劳动的； wh

51、ere the employing unit forces the labourer to work by resorting to violence, intimidation or illegal restriction of personal freedom; or （三）用人单位未按照劳动合同约定支付劳动报酬或者提供劳动条件的。 failure on the part of the employing unit to pay labour remuneration or to provide working conditions as agreed upon in the labour

52、 contract. 第三十三条企业职工一方与企业可以就劳动报酬、工作时间、休息休假、劳动安全卫生、保险福利等事项，签订集体合同。集体合同草案应当提交职工代表大会或者全体职工讨论通过。 article 33 the staff and workers of an enterprise as one party may conclude a collective contract with the enterprise on matters relating to labour remuneration, working hours, rest and vacations, occupation

53、al safety and health, and insurance and welfare. the draft collective contract shall be submitted to the congress of the staff and workers or to all the staff and workers for 集体合同由工会代表职工与企业签订；没有建立工会的企业，由职工推举的代表与企业签订。 discussion and adoption. a collective contract shall be concluded by the trade unio

54、n on behalf of the staff and workers with the enterprise; in an enterprise where the trade union has not yet been set up, such contract shall be also concluded by the representatives elected by the staff and workers with the enterprise. 第三十四条集体合同签订后应当报送劳动行政部门；劳动行政部门自收到集体合同文本之日起十五日内未提出异议的，集体合同即行生效。 a

55、rticle 34 a collective contract shall be submitted to the labour administrative department after its conclusion. the collective contract shall go into effect automatically if no objections are raised by the labour administrative department within 15 days from the date of the receipt of a copy of the

56、 contract. 第三十五条依法签订的集体合同对企业和企业全体职工具有约束力。职工个人与企业订立的劳动合同中劳动条件和劳动报酬等标准不得低于集体合同的规定。 article 35 collective contracts concluded in accordance with the law shall have binding force to both the enterprise and all of its staff and workers. the standards on working conditions and labour payments agreed upon

57、in labour contracts concluded between individual labourers and the enterprises shall not be lower than those as stipulated in collective contracts. 第四章工作时间和休息休假 chapter iv working hours, rest and vacations 第三十六条国家实行劳动者每日工作时间不超过八小时、平均每周工作时间不超过四十四小时的工时制度。 article 36 the state shall practise a working hour system under which labourers shall work for no more than eight hours a day and no more than 44 hours a week on the average. 第三十七条对实行计件工作的劳动者，用人单位应当根据本法第三十六条规定的工时制度合理确定其劳动定额和计件报酬标准。 article 37 in case of labourers working on the basis of piecework, the employin