2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists单元综合同步课时作业新人教版必修5

1、2020-2021学年高中英语 unit 1 great scientists单元综合同步课时作业新人教版必修52020-2021学年高中英语 unit 1 great scientists单元综合同步课时作业新人教版必修5年级：姓名：unit 1 单元综合awashington, d. c. bicycle tours cherry blossom bike tour in washington, d. c. duration: 3 hoursthis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherr

2、y trees with beautiful flowers of washington, d. c. your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. reserve your spot before availability- and the cherry blossoms disappear!washington capital monuments bicycle tour duration: 3 hours (4 miles)join

3、 a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in washington, d. c. explore the monuments and memorials on the national mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.capital city bike tour in washington,

4、d. c duration: 3 hoursmorning or afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for d. c. newcomers and locals looking to experience washington, d. c. in a healthy way with minimum effort. knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about presidents, congress, memorials,

5、 and parks. comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.washington capital sites at night bicycle tour duration: 3 hours (7 miles)join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of washington, d. c. get up close to the monume

6、nts and memorials as you bike the sites of capitol hill and the national mall. frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. all riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.1.which tour do you ne

7、ed to book in advance?a.cherry blossom bike tour in washington, d. c.b.washington capital monuments bicycle tour.c.capital city bike tour in washington, d. c.d.washington capital sites at night bicycle tour.2.what will you do on the capital city bike tour?a.meet famous people.b.go to a national park

8、.c.visit well-known museums.d.enjoy interesting stories.3.which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?a.city maps.b. cameras.c. meals.d. safety lights.bsteven stein likes to follow garbage trucks. his strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist w

9、ho studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. what is even more interesting is that one ofsteins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. so many

10、 end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台) . the bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in california, including los angeles. eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists likesteintomake the case that their produ

11、cts are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.among the bag makers argument: many cities with bans still allow shopperstopurchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energytoproduce and transport. and while plastic bags may be uglytolook at, they represent a small percen

12、tage of allgarbageon the ground today.the industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. the stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. however, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more

13、 energytomake. one study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.environmentalists dont dispute (质疑) these points. they hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shopperstouse the same reusable bags for years.1.what has steven stein

14、been hired to do?a.help increase grocery sales.b.recycle the waste material.c.stop things falling off trucks.d.argue for the use of plastic bags.2.what does the word headwinds in paragraph 2 refer to?a.bans on plastic bags.b.effects of city development.c.headaches caused by garbage.d.plastic bags hu

15、ng in trees.3.what is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?a.they are quite expensive.b.replacing them can be difficult.c.they are less strong than plastic bags.d.producing them requires more energy.4.what is the best title for the text?a.plastic, paper or neitherb.industr

16、y, pollution and environmentc.recycle or throw awayd.garbage collection and waste controlcas we all know, stephen hawking writes the book a brief history of time that explains the origin of the universe. the book spent 147 weeks on the new york times best seller list and has sold 10 million copies.

17、he is, most agree, very smart.in his recently published autobiography my brief history, hawking offers four life lessons on how to become a genius.（1）dont miss opportunities by being too cool “we showed an air of complete boredom and the feeling that nothing was worth making an effort for. one resul

18、t of my illness has been to change all that. when you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and that there are lots of things you want to do. m seize the moment, as oxford would say.(2) keep it simplewhen writing a brief history of time, he

19、tried to make science understandable for the rest of the us.“i was sure that nearly everyone is interested in how the universe operates, but most people cannot follow mathematical equations(数学公式).” he has trouble with them, too. “this is partly because it is difficult for me to write them down, but

20、mainly because i dont have an inborn feeling for equations. my aim in the book was to describe these mental images in words. it is such an easy book that everybody can understand it. ” the moral: you dont have to be a genius to know everything.(3) have funhawking has a long history of being a joker,

21、 and he has placed lots of bets with other scientists on the nature of black holes. one was with cal-tech scientist john preskill. after paying off his bet by giving preskill a baseball encyclopedia, hawking wrote,“but maybe i should have just given him the ashes.” so lighten up! geniuses like bad j

22、okes too.(4) always look for a silver lining （even if you are seriously ill)hawkings disease has slowly robbed him of the ability to walk, move his arms, even speak but hawking says. “in some ways i guess my disability has been an assist: i havent had to lecture or teach students, and i havent had t

23、o sit in meetings. so i have been able to devote myself completely to research.” in other words, hawking was given lemons，and he made champagne.1.the passage tells us the facts about a brief history of time except that .a.it explained the origin of the universeb.it has sold 10 million copies up to n

24、owc.it spent 147 weeks on the new york times best seller listd.it included hawkings four life lessons on how to become a genius2.according to the passage, which of the following statements is guiding you to be a genius?a.place lots of bets with your friends.b.seize the moment to learn everything.c.f

25、ind something good even in bad situations.d.get to know everything including mathematical equations.3.hawking shows his viewpoint by .a. making comparisonsb. quoting a famous sayingc. listing the numbers and equationsd. talking about his own experience4.which of the following statements is true?a.ha

26、wking was unable to walk gradually.b. hawking tried to make physics understandable.c.most people think he isnt smart enough.d.he has been able to devote himself to maths.d the traditional british pub is part of the scenery of british life. at the last count, there are around 50,000 of them in the uk

27、. the oldest ye oldest fighting cocks in st. albans was set up in about 793. because of their abundance, the names pubs take are designed to be memorable, but more than that, they are designed to be visual. outside any traditional pub worthy of its title, youll find a hanging signboard with a unique

28、 illustration(插图) that represents the name of the business. the practice is so well established that even new pubs copy it. but why do they exist at all? the first british pub signs were created in the 12th century and were simple representations of beer containers and other brewing-related equipmen

29、t used to inform passersby that establishments sold beer. this was britain in the dark ages, when education was in short supply. since most of the population were unable to read, pub signs were used to inform would-be customers that they could find a drink inside. the earliest uses of pub names woul

30、d reference the sign directly. people would arrange to meet atthe sign of the eagle and child rather than at the eagle and child. today the tradition remains unchanged largely out of respect for the past,but many pub signs do have some functionality. remote country pubs often use signboards to point

31、 the way to their doors. its a part of british culture thats rapidly disappearing more than 20,000 pubs have closed since 1980 but for now there are still more than enough. you can take a moment to appreciate the history and symbolism behind a pubs sign the next time you see one.1.what is special ab

32、out british pub signs?a.they copy famous art.b.they show british life.c.they have unique pictures.d.they include the history of the pub.2.the first british pub signs weremainlyused to_.a.inspire passersby b.inform passersbyc.educate passersby d.entertain passersby3.modern british pub signs are diffe

33、rent from the earliest ones in their _.a.size b.style c.material d.purpose4.what is the passage mainly about?a.the history of british pubs.b.the importance of british pub signs.c.the development of british pub signs.d.why british pubs are unpopular nowadays.things you should stop doing to be success

34、fulare you a happy person? how often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general? what do you do wrong? here are some things you should stop doing to be successful._different people may interpret(解说) “success” in different ways: some o

35、f them measure it in money, other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world in general._dont worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.do not believe anything without questioning it._they are critical(批判性的) thinkers, and they understand that we all ar

36、e ruled by our prejudices, so they will always question new information.do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.if you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that may happen to you._be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly

37、 dont go according to your plan.do not care about what other people think of you._your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems.successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please, but worry about their quality and foc

38、us on developing friendships with people they really care about.a. do not wait for the “right time” to do anything.b. do not let others decide what “success” is for you.c. successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.d.as far as we all know, its impossible to please all the pe

39、ople who surround us.e. successful people never ignore or avoid problems,no matter how big and awful they seem.f. if you want to be successful, do not let others force their interpretation of success on you.g. try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact your future cant be predicted

40、.a successful scientist is generally a good observer. he makes full 1 of the facts he observes. he doesnt accept ideas which are not 2 on obvious facts,and therefore refuses to accept authority(权威)as the only 3 for truth. he always 4 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them. the rise of 5

41、 science may perhaps be considered to 6 as far back as the 7 of roger bacon,the wonderful philosopher (哲学家)of oxford, who lived 8 the years 1214 and 1292. he was probably the first in the middle 9 to suggest that we must learn science 10 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he hi

42、mself 11 many important discoveries.galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later ( 1564 1642), was the greatest of several great men, 12 in italy, france, germany, or england, began by 13 to show how many important 14 could be discovered by observation. before galileo, learned men believed

43、that large bodies fell more 15 towards the earth than small ones, 16 aristotle said so. but galileo, going to the 17 of the leaning tower of pisa, let fall two 18 stones and proved aristotle was wrong. it was galileos science 19 of going direct to nature, and proving our 20 and theories by experimen

44、t, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.1.a.useb.timec.speedd.trust2.a.workedb.basedc.livedd.written3.a.reasonb.causec.adviced.result4.a.thinksb.checksc.hasd.learns5.a.naturalb.physicalc.ancientd.modern6.a.dateb.keepc.lookd.take7.a.studyb.timec.yeard.birth8.a.bothb.eachc.betweend.am

45、ong9.a.schoolsb.agesc.daysd. countries10.a.inb.withc.ond.by11.a.didb.madec.tookd.gave12.a.whob.whenc.thatd.where13.a.waysb.degreesc.levelsd.chance14.a.truthsb.problemsc.peopled.subjects15.a.slowlyb.rapidlyc.lightlyd.heavily16.a.althoughb.becausec.whend.if17.a.placeb.footc.topd.ceiling18.a.bigb.small

46、c.equald.unequal19.a.spiritb.skillc.theoryd.discovery20.a.plansb.opinionsc.worldd.ability c. v. raman, a great indian physicist, was born in 1888. his father was a lecturer in math and physics, so c. v. raman was exposed_ scientific things from an early age. he _ (attend) presidency college in 1902,

47、 getting his ba in 1904 and ma in 1907. though he was a brilliant student,there werent many _ (chance ) for scientists in india at that time. _, after finishing his studies, he went to work for the indian finance department and carried out his experimental research on acoustics(声学). he _ (offer) a p

48、rofessorship in physics at the university of calcutta in 1917 and stayed for the next 15 years, _ (achieve) fame for his research there. in 1930, he won the nobel prize for his work on the scattering of light. raman found_ light passes through a transparent (透明的)sample of a substance, most of the li

49、ght remains unchanged but a small part of it has _ (differ) wavelengths. this later is _ (know) as the raman effect and is useful for physical and chemical _ (analyse) of gases, liquids and solids, including biological tissue.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或

50、修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 my name is ann. ive been in china in a few years. with the help of li hua, a good friend of mine, ive been used to live in china. li hua, like other girl, is beautiful and lively.

51、we became friends after we meet each other a few years ago. although her english isnt easy to understand, but we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about my favorite books. were both surprising that chinese culture and american culture are such different. now we are planning nice party for nex

52、t sunday. there, i will introduce li hua to my friends, whom also have great interest in chinese culture.假设你是某国际中学高二学生李华，校长mr. white打算请位著名科学家到你校演讲，请你根据以 下内容给他写一封信，建议邀请马丁 卡普拉斯 (martin karplus)教授。马丁 卡普 拉斯简介美国理论化学家，1930年3月15日出生 于奥地利，现在是哈佛大学（harvard university)的一名化学教授。推荐理由1.卡普拉斯方程（karplus equation)就是 以他

53、的名字命名的；2.他和其他两位同事共同获得2013年诺 贝尔化学奖。注意：1.词数:100左右;2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贤；3. 信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇:理论的theoretical;同事colleaguedear mr. white,i heard that you are planning to_yours sincerely,li hua答案以及解析a 答案：1.a；2.d；3.d解析：本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到washington, d.c.旅游的四中路线的相关行程及注意事项。1. 细节理解题。根据文章cherry blossom bi

54、ke tour in washington, d.c.中的reserve your spot before availability可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选a。2. 细节理解题。根据文章capital city bike tour in washington, d.c.中的knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about presidents, congress, memorials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选d。3. 细节理解题。

55、根据文章washington capital sites at night bicycle tour中的all riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选d。点睛：本篇文章最容易出错的题是1题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。in advance意为：提前。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。b 答案：1.d; 2.a; 3.d; 4.a解析：1.d提示:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知塑料袋生产商雇用steven stein是为了证明他们的产品片不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害.是对塑料袋被禁用的