初中被动语态讲解与练习

1、暑假英语上课讲义初中英语被动语态小结一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种： 态和 态。如果主语是动作的执行者要用语态；如果主语是动作的承受者,则用 态。二、被动语态构成：1. 一般现在时：am/is/are + done2. 一般过去时：was/were+ done3. 一般将来时:will/shall be + done4. 现在进行时:am/is/are being + done5. 过去进行时:was/were being + done6. 现在完成时:have/has been + done7. 过去完成时:had been + done8. 情态动词：

2、 must / may / might + be done.三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如:Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的） This bridge was fou nded in 1981 这座桥竣工于 1981 年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如:The glass was broken by Mike玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was writte n by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must b

3、e fin ished on time你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态 句子中动词的时态来决定 be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由情态动

4、词+be+过去分词构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被 动语态后to仍要保留。We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at on ce.It should be done at on ce.六、特殊情况1. 不及物动词无被动语态。What will happe n in 100 years.The dino saurs disappeared about 65 millio n years ago.2. 些动词如 sell（销售），wash（洗），c

5、lean（打扫），burn（燃烧）,cook（煮）等与副词如 well（好）, easily（容易地）,perfectly（十分地）等连用，描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。3. 使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式（make hear notice see let主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态 时，须加上to。He let Daming do his homework Daming was let to do his homerk.He sa

6、w Daming do his homeworkf Daming was seen to do his homework.4. 主动表被动：1、Need, want, require(要求，需要)，deserve应得，值得),be worth 值得),not bear(经 不住)后面接doing主动表被动。The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。The old buildi ng requires repairi ng.这座古建筑需要修了。5、 系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sou nd听起来),prove(证明是),

7、feel(摸上去感到),look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等，例如：Your reas on sounds reason able. 你的理由听起来很合理。Good medici ne tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。6有些动词可以带双宾语在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to He gave Betty a book.7. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。We can t laugh at him.f He ca

8、n t be laughed at byeusstens to the radio every day.f The raliste ned to by him every day. The nurse is tak ing care of the sick man.f The sick man is beingcare of by the nu rse.初中英语被动语态专项练习()1 The Peoples Republic of Chinaon October 1, 1949.A. found B. was foun ded C. is foun ded D. was found() 2 E

9、n glishin Can ada.A. speaks B. are spoke n C. is speak ing D. is spoke n()3 This En glish songby the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung()4 This kind of carin Japa n.A, makes B. made C. is maki ng D. is made()5 New computersall over the world.A. is used B

10、. are using C. are used D. have used()6 Our room mustclea n.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep()7 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. ithad bee n sold()8A new houseat the corner of the road.A. is buildi ng B. is being built C. bee n built D. be

11、 buildi ng()9 The keyon the table whe n I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has bee n left()10 Doctorsin every part of the world.A. n eed B. are n eedi ng C. are n eeded D. will n eed()11 His new bookn ext mon th.A.will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been pu

12、blished()12 Japa nesein every coun try.A. is not spoke n B. are spoke n C. is speak ing D. is not speak ing()13 These papersyet.A.have not writte nB. have not bee n writte nC. has not writte nD. has not bee n writte n()14 The sports meetbe held un til n ext week.A. did nt B. wont C. is nt D. does nt

13、()15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be men ded? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they men ded?()16the watch bee n repaired yet? I badly n eed it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are()17these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do()18 Whyto talk about it yesterday?A. did

14、 nt a meet ing hold B. was nt a meeti ng heldC. was nt held a meeti ngD. a meet ing was nt held()19 Who was the book?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by()20 Wherethese boxesA. was B. were C. is D. am()21 The flowersoften.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water()22 Th

15、e books mayfor two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow()23 The broken bikehere by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can men ded C. can be mend D. can be men ded()24 The old bridge in my hometownn ext mon th.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuil

16、t()25 The playat the theatre n ext Sun day.A. is going to be show n B. will show nC. will show D. is show n()26 The old stone bridgen ext week.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild()27Now these magazinesin the library for a long time.A. have kept B. ar

17、e keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ()28The potforhot water.A.used; keep ingB. was used; keep ingC. is used; to keepD. are used; keep()29Teain the south of Chi na.A. grows B. is grow n C. were grow n D. will grow()30 The bridgestwo years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was bui

18、lt()31 Wet clothes are ofte nup n ear a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. han ged C. hanging D. hung()32 The river smells terrible. People mustdirty thi ngs into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throw ingC. stop to throw D. stop from throw ing()33 The teapotwater.A. is filled with B. fill

19、ed of C. fulling of D. filled()340ld people must be looked after well andpolitely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to()35 Old people must.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well()36 Newly-bor n babiesin hospital.A. are take n good careB. are take

20、n good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care()37 They wereat the sudde n no ise.A. frighte ning B. frighte ned C. frighte n D. frighte ns()38These wallsstone.A.are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into()39 Janeto sing us an America n song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. tol

21、d D. was said()40 The papersto them.A. were show n B. show C. show n / D. have show n()41 The coather sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to()42 Ifive minu tes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had give n D. was give n()43 Good caresuch thi ngs.

22、A. should take of B. should be take nC. should be tak ingD. should be take n of()44She willgood care.A. take; of B. be take n; of C. take; for you D. be take n; of you()45The teacher made himhis homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done()46 The boystreets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clea

23、 n B. made clea n C. made to clea n D. was made clea n()47 These childrendan ce.A. were see n to B. were see n for C. were see n D. saw to()48 Thesestoneswell.A. are fitted B. fit C. fitsD. is fitted()49 The bike500 yua n.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed()50 The importa nt meeti ngon a cold morni ng last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had()51 Great changesin the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have take n place C. were tak ing place D. hadtake n place()52 You cant use the computer, it.A. was broke n dow n B. is wro