提高短文改错技巧

1、提高短文改错技巧 错误类型包括词法、句法，行文逻辑等。实践证明，本题要求指出并改正的错误大都是中学生英文 写作中的 常见病 。本试题的答题时间一般为 10 分钟左右。二、运用 四查法 改错 四查法 即：瞻前顾后查名词，与 时俱进查动词，启承转合查连词，文通理通查逻辑。 四查法 基本锁定了短文改错试题中的 错误多发地带 ，以帮助考生尽快发现错误并将其改正。（1.） 瞻前顾后查名词。考生应注意搜寻名词之前及其本身出现的错误。瞻前，即看该名词之前是否缺限 定词？该用何种限定词？尤其要查名词前冠词的使用情况。当名词前有形容词修饰时更要加倍注意。如：My teacher advised me to ke

2、ep my diary, I followed her advice. 顾后，即警惕名词词尾是否要发生变化？换句话说，是否该用复数形式？如：.they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I ll get good marks in all my subject.（ 2. ） 与时俱进查动词。考生应认真分析英语动词所使用的时态、语态正确与否。尤其要根据上下文所 提供的时间信息，与 时 俱进地推敲、选择使用正确的动词时态形式。如：The time passes quickly. Evening came.（ 3. ） 启承转合查

3、连词。为使文章结构严谨，应有各种启承转合的连词在文中运用。这些连词的使用，在 结构上和意义上都要通顺流畅，恰如其分。某些连词在文中影响深远 ，因此在 诊察 这个连词的时候，要做到 眼观六路 ， 上挂下连 ，不但要弄清楚它在本句中的作用，而且要注意到它在上下文中的影响。 如：I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.4. 文通理通查逻辑。简言之，文通即行文合乎英文词法、句法；理通指行文逻辑符合人们一般的认 识规律，即符合常理。如： I always thought in Chinese and tried

4、 to translate anything into English.短文改错的功夫说到底是属于写的功夫。也就是说， 短文改错的能力源于书面表达的能力。 因此，加强英文写作，提高书面表达的能力才是根本问题。本文介绍的 四查法 不但在短文改错中具有 实战 意义，而且可以帮助考生在做书面表达题时少出错或不出错，各种道理不言而喻。 NMET 2003 北京春季Many teachers worry about the effects of televisions on young76.77.78.79.80.81.82.83.84.85.people. According to studies,

5、any children spend more time watching television than they spend in school. Because so much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to, although radios can be very noise. Teachers also

6、 wonder about the effects of television commercials. On one year the average child will see 25 000 television commercials, all planned and written by grown-ups to make children to want things that they dontreal need. NMET 200276.Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiMountain in Sichu

7、an. As everyone knows, its famousmountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather77.was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of78.the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we79.climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples80.and told stories. On the way up I w

8、as busy taking picture81.since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly82.Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top83.of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was84.good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my85.head touched the pillow. NMET

9、2002 北京What should you do when your parents become angry? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation with them. about it Remembering not to shout at them. They usually will try to change, but they will take some time because they get angry all their life ,and that is all they know. You migh

10、t have to change for your method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your parents that they dont expect like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floor If this doesnt work, bring in friend that you feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.76.77.78.79.80.81.82.83.84.85

11、. NMET 2002 北京春季My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy.He did not want share things with other people. For76.example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them77.in a secret place where I couldnt find. Then he78.ate it all ,by himself. He never helped other.79.He said he is busy

12、. That is, a game of80.tennis making him very busy. He did not care81.if something he did made people angry. For instance, on one night he played strong and loudly music till four o clock in the morning. But he is difference now. He often helps grandma with housework, helps mom with cooking and help

13、s his classmates with their lessons.82.83.84.85.Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to a American family.They live in a small86.87.town.It was very kind for them to meet me88. NMET 199690.89.91.92.93.94.95.81.82.83.84.85.86.87.88.89.90.91.at the railway station and drove me to their home.

14、The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.They offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing together.They eager to know everything aboutChina and asked me lots of question.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.答案解析86. 答案：将 time 划掉解析：此题考查序数词的用法。 m

15、y first visit 即为“第一次访问” ，故 time 多余87.答案： a 改为 an解析：此题考查冠词的基本用法。 American 为元音开头的单词，前面要用不定冠词 an 88.答案： for 改为 of解析：此题考查介词的用法。 It is kind of sb.to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“某人能如何做真是太好了” 。该结 构强调的是“某人好”，表示赞扬。而It is +形容词+ for sb.to do sth.的意思是做这件事对某人如何。89. 答案： drove 改为 drive解析：此题考查动词不定式的基本用法。and后接不定式to meet和drive作

16、真正的主语。drive前省略了动词不定式符号。90. 答案： his 改为 their解析：此题考查代词的用法。 the Smiths 意为“史密斯一家人” ，所以物主代词要用 their。91. 答案：该行无错误解析：此题考查考生鉴别正误的能力。at home是上句的表语，make me feel at home的意思是“使我感觉在家里一样”，没有错误。 They offered me coffee and other (drinks). 构成谓语 +双宾语的结构，也没有错误。92. 答案： have 改为 had 解析：此题考查动词时态。整篇短文都是在讲过去发生的事，所以是一般过去时。93

17、. 答案： eager 前加 were解析：此题考查形容词的用法。eager为形容词。be eager to do的意思是“急于做某事”。94. 答案： question 改为 questions解析：此题考查名词的数。lots of后接可数名词复数。95. 答案：将 next year 前的 in 划掉解析：此题考查介词的用法。next year的意思是“明年”，前面不加介词。 NMET 1995Dear Mr.and Mrs Smith,I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.I

18、had always wanted return to the village after moving away and it is really great to see most of my old friends again.I told Mother,Father,Sister all my friends here that a great time I had.Ill never forget the steamboat ride.I never knew about a ride down a river could be so much exciting.I also enj

19、oyed the evenings when we spent together.And I cant forget the good food you cooked for I.It was wonderful.I hope that both you two could come and visit ussome times soon.Father and Mother would love to92.see you.Maybe you could come during a winter93.holidays.Uncle Ben will also go back for Christm

20、as 94.Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.95.答案解析81. 答案：将 for 之后的 have 改为 having 解析：此题考查非谓语动词的用法。 for 是介词，后接动名词。 82.答案：该行无错误 解析：此题考查考生鉴别正误的能力。该行前半句与前一行构成完整的句子，后半句与下一行构成完整的 句子，都没有错误。83. 答案： wanted 之后加 to 解析：此题考查动词不定式的基本用法。 want 后接 to do 作宾语。84. 答案： is 改为 was 解析：此题考查动词时态。从上下文的时态分析，该行应用一般过去时。

21、85.答案： all 之前加 and 解析：此题考查连词的用法。 and 连接 Mother,Father,Sister 和 all my old friends 作宾语。86. 答案： that 改为 what解析：此题考查感叹句的用法。感叹句在句子中作 told 的宾语，为宾语从句。 “what +（形容词） + 名词” 构成感叹句。87.答案：将 about 划掉或改成 that解析：此题考查宾语从句的用法。knew后接陈述句形式的宾语从句时，用that连接，that在从句中只起连接作用，可以省略。88. 答案：将 much 划掉解析：此题考查副词的用法。so修饰形容词或副词。so mu

22、ch修饰名词或代词。89. 答案：将 when 划掉，或将 when 改写为 that / which解析：此题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。此时需分析定语从句的句子成分。spent为及物动词，先行词theevenings作它的宾语，所以要将 when划掉，或将 when改写为that / which。90. 答案： I 改为 me 解析：此题考查代词的用法。人称代词在介词 for 后应用宾格形式。91. 答案：将 both 划掉解析： 此题考查代词的用法。 both 与 two 重复。 注意： 该行不能将 two 划掉， 因为 both 放在人称代词前时， 要加介词 of ，构成 both o

23、f you 。92. 答案： times 改为 time解析：此题考查名词的数。 time 是不可数名词， some time 的意思是“某时” 。 some times 的意思是“某些 次（倍）”。93. 答案：将a改为the解析：此题考查冠词的基本用法。从上下文的内容可知，这里指的是“今年寒假”。94. 答案：将 go 改成 come解析：此题考查动词的词义。go表示远离说话人的方向；come表示向说话人靠近。从上下文的内容可知，Uncle Ben 也回来过圣诞节。95. 答案：将 wonderfully 改为 wonderful 解析：此题考查形容词和副词的基本的用法。形容词放在名词前作

24、定语或放在系动词后作表语；副词用来 修饰动词或形容词或副词。 time 是名词，前面应用形容词。 NMET 1994There is public library in every town in Britain.There are branch library in many villages.Anyone may borrow books,and it cost nothing to borrow them.In some places you may borrow many books as you want,in other places where you are limited t

25、o a certain number,of that some may be novels.Books may be keep for four weeks.Newly-published novels are always in great demand, and some books,for example,books for history, science,cooking and gardening are also populer.If the book you will want is out,you may ask for It to be called back for you

26、,and whether you pay the cost of send a postcard,the librarian will write to you,and let you to know when the book you want has returned and is ready for you to pick up. 答案解析81.82.83.84.85.86.87.88.89.90.91.92.93.94.95.81. 答案： public 之前加 a 解析：此题考查冠词的基本用法。不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，表示数量或类别。 library 为可数名词， 表示泛指时，

27、前面要加不定冠词a。82. 答案： library 改为 libraries解析：此题考查名词的数。本行单独成句，有 There are与in many villages双重提示，library必用复数。83. 答案：将 cost 改为 costs 解析：此题考查保持主谓一致。短文通篇叙述一般客观事实，谓语动词均用一般现在时，主语为单数第三 人称，谓语动词后要加 s。84. 答案： many 之前加 as解析：此题考查asas的用法。要与下一行联系起来分析判断，as many books与后文中的as you want构 成as.as固定结构。85. 答案：划掉 places与you之间的 where解析：此题考查考生对句子结构的判断。需读完全句（ 4 行），前后对照，才能判断出其是否正确。上行中In some places是地点状语，本行中 in other places也是地点状语，后接 you are limited to ，句子完整，意 思明确。插入 where引导定语从句修饰places,则句子结构不完整，即只有状语而无主语，不能正确表达信息。86. 答案： that 改为 which解析：此题考查关