医学教学课件：Acute and Chronic Rhinitis

1、Company LOGO Acute and Chronic Rhinitis COMPANY LOGO Acute Rhinitis COMPANY LOGO Etiology Rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, influenza & parainfluenza viruses Common cold : is the most prevalent infectio us disease COMPANY LOGO Symptoms & Sign Sneezing, nasal obstruction, malaise, fever, Nas

2、al mucosa congestion, swelling, secretion in meatus COMPANY LOGO Complications Sinusitis Acute otitis media: Infection pass through the Eustachian tube（咽鼓管） to middle ear Acute pharyngolaryngitis, trachitis & bronchitis COMPANY LOGO Differential Diagnosis Influenza Allergic rhinitis Vasomotor rhinit

3、is Acute infectious disease COMPANY LOGO Treatment Principle of treatment: Relieve nasal obstruction and prevent sinusitis and other sequelae by the use of decongestant nose drops. General treatment Drink more water and take light diet Traditional Chinese medicine Antibiotics may also be prescribed

4、in patients with bacterial superinfection（双重感染） or sinu s involvement. Local treatment Nose drops: Ephedrine（麻黄素） and Houttuynia Drops （鱼腥草滴鼻液） antibiotic drops such as Streptomycin sol. （链霉素滴鼻液） COMPANY LOGO Chronic rhinitis COMPANY LOGO Etiology Local causes（局部因素）（局部因素） 1、Acutechronic 2、Chronic di

5、seases of nose & sinus 3、Infective focus around nasal cavity 4、 Iatrogenic: misuse nasal drops(Ephedrine) 5、Professional and environmental causes： dusts，harmful chemical gas，physical changes COMPANY LOGO General factors 1、chronic diseases 2、malnutrition 3、endocrinic dysfunction 4、cigarette and alcoh

6、ol COMPANY LOGO Pathology Simple chronic rhinitisno hyperplasia Hypertrophic chronic rhinitisnasal mucosa, submucosa, even periosteum & os limited or extensive hypertrophy COMPANY LOGO Symptoms & Sign Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, hypertrophied inferior turbinate Patients present clinically with ob

7、structed nasal breathing and a mucous nasal discharge. They also complain of frequent throat clearing(清嗓) a nd occasional hoarseness(声嘶). COMPANY LOGO Treatment The most important step is to eliminate the cause by removing chronic irritants from the environment or by surgically correcting any intran

8、asal pathology (e.g. septoplasty, Partial inferior turbinectomy). Supportive measures such as decongestant nose drops or nasal irrigation COMPANY LOGO Simple chronic rhinitis nasal decongestants, Houttuynia drops Traditional Chinese patent medicines Hypertrophic chronic rhinitis nasal decongestant, Houttuynia drops Traditional Chinese patent medicines Surgical treatments: electric coagulation, laser, microwave, radiofrequancy. Partial i nferior turbinectomy COMPANY LOGO 单纯性鼻炎单纯性鼻炎 肥厚性鼻炎肥厚性鼻炎 鼻塞 间歇性 持续性