常用经济术语中英文对照

1、国民经济、对外经济贸易 NATIONALECONOM，Y FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSAND TRADE 经济指标 economic indicators 社会总产值 total product of society 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product ) 国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product ) 人均国内生产总值 GDPper capita 工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 国民收入 national income 购买力平价法 pu

2、rchasing power parity 财政收入 state revenue 社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales 社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index 百分点 percentage points 八五 划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 计划经济 planned economy 统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing 市场经济 market economy

3、 指令性计划 mandatory plan 指导性计划 guidance plan 市场调节 market regulation market 建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政 三个机制 establish operational mechanisms of economy， rule by law ， democratic supervision and incorruptible government 抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技 三个基础 stress priorities over agriculture ， transportation and energy supply ， ed

4、ucation and science and technology 实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质 三个优化 optimize industrial structure environment and the quality of population 第一、二、三产业 primary ， secondary and tertiary industries 外向型经济 export-oriented economy 创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise 劳动密集型 labor intensive ecological 技术、智力、资本密集型 t

5、echnology ， knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value 优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 生产力 productive forces 生产资料 capital goods 科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings 火炬计划 Torch Plan 技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock 风险投资 venture inv

6、estment/capital 固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets 技术转让 technology transfer 可行性研究 feasibility study 意向书 letter of intent 投资环境 investment environment 跨国公司 transnational coorporation 基础设施 infrastructure 20 年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years 发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for int

7、roducing advanced technologies ， managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside. 招商 attract investment 招商项目 project proposals for investment 同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice ； bring in line with the international usage 加大改革力度 intensify reforms 一条龙服务 one package servic

8、e 一支笔审批 one-chop approval 我们两市的经济互补性很强。 To a great extent ， the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other. 平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit ， and trading of needed goods 外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections 保持发展

9、后劲 bring about a sustainable development ； sustain momentumof development 经济实力 economic capabilities 龙头 pacemaker； leading role 三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） three connections and one leveling assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads ， and that the ground

10、is leveled before a project is begun. 瓶颈 bottleneck 以工养农 use industrial income to finance agriculture 以路养路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects 下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels 统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control 良性循环 positive cycle 国民经济的支柱 mainstay of th

11、e national economy 格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape. 理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises 政策性亏损 policy-related loss 三角债 chain debts 上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee 企业工效挂钩 link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise 生意兴

12、隆 / 冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish 质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization 批量生产 mass production 以销定产 limit production to market ability 内联企业 inland associated enterprises 菜篮子工程 shipping basket project 国产化 percentage of home-made parts 配套改革 coordinated reforms 配套措施 supporting measures 配套工程 auxiliar

13、y project 国内配套资金 domestic funds 向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry 升级换代 upgrading and updating 看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth 行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected. 行情看涨 / 跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price 随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions 片面追求发展速度 seek

14、 an unduly high growth rate 在过渡时期 in a period of transition 基础地位 leading position 门类齐全 covering extensive fields 存款 / 贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves 贸易顺差 trade surplus system restore sound economic 完善的市场和发达的金融体制 well-established market and sophisticated financial 消

15、灭失业 wipe out unemployment 降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and financial order 紧缩银根 tighten the money supply 一位数水平 one digit level 保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade 这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。 This meeting laid a foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting a

16、nd constant/continuous ties. 市场疲软 a market slump 库存积压 overstocked products 国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning 统一定价 unified price setting 国家统配物资 materials allocated by state 货币发放 the issue of currency 规范价格秩序 standardize the price order 简化流通环节， 增加随机检查 simplify circulation and add more random checks 市场机制

17、开始发挥调节作用。 The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role. 由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance. 导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。 An important factor ( contributingto/resulting in ) substantial pr

18、ice hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices. 折旧费 depreciation cost 关系民生的产品 products vital to the peoples livelihood 供大于求 oversupply 供不应求 short supply 经济过热 overheated economy 抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market 宏观调控

19、macro-economic control 经济杠杆 economic levers 产业政策 industrial policy 财政， 税收， 信贷，利率， 汇率 public financing ， taxation ， credit ， interest rate ， exchange rate 提高经济效益 enhance economic performance/returns 社会效益 social effect/returns 实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring about sustained ， stable and coordinated development 财政

20、赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit ( surplus ) 外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value 外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment 实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use 三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment ： sino-foreign joint venture ， contractual joint venture 允许外商独资经营 allow

21、full foreign equity operation 优惠条件 confessional terms ； favorable terms 减免税收 tax reduction and exemption 合作方式 approaches to cooperation 出资方式 means of contributing investment 合营期限 contract term of a joint venture 三来一补 （来料加工，来件装配，来样加工） processing and compensation trades （ processing with materials or given samples ， assembling supplied components） 贸易伙伴 trade partner 转口贸易 transit trade 外贸顺差 foreign trade surplus 积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital ， technology ， competent